| 1. |
- Tarakcioglu, Mahmut Cem, et al.
(författare)
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Biological Rhythm Disturbances in Drug-Free Adult ADHD Patients
- 2019
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Ingår i: PSYCHIATRY AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES. - : YERKURE TANITIM & YAYINCILIK HIZMETLERI A S. - 2636-834X. ; 9:1, s. 18-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of study was to examine the biological rhythms in drug-free ADHD patients with healthy controls in a cross-sectional study. Methods: 50 adult ADHD patients %26 female) between 17 and 42 years old (M=27.76 SD:6.80) and healthy controls (%56.6 female) between 18 and 63 years old (M=31.39 SD:8.12) were recruited from Health Sciences University's Bakirkoy Mental Health Training and Research Hospital. Participants were assessed with clinical interview, Wender-Utah Adult ADHD Rating Scale and the Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN). Results: Adult ADHD patients scored higher on total scores (t=8.75, p<0.001), eating patterns (t=2.55, p<0.001), sleep patterns-social rhythm (t=3.41, p=0.001) and activity levels (t=3.0, p<0.001) in regarding to biologic rhythms. In the BRIAN subdomains; activity levels (t=4.59, p<0.001) and sleep-eating patterns (t=3.62, p<0.001) were also significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions: Our findings suggested that there was a significant difference between ADHD patients and healthy controls in most dimensions of biorhythm.
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| 2. |
- Yücel, Mehmet Onur, et al.
(författare)
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The Relationship of Verbal Working Memory and Theory of Mind in First Degree Relatives of Patients With Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder
- 2016
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Ingår i: Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi. - 1300-2163. ; 27:1, s. 8-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare Theory of Mind (ToM) functions and investigate the relationship between ToM functions and verbal working memory (VWM) in first degree relatives of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia patients.METHOD: The sample consisted of first degree relatives of patients with bipolar disorder (n=22), schizophrenia (n=28), and age, gender, education and total IQ matched healthy volunteers (n=27) without a family history of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. We administered Auditory Consonants Test (ACT) to evaluate VWM, first and second order false belief tests (ToM-1, ToM-2), Faux Pas Test (FPT), Hinting Test (HT) to evaluate different domains of ToM functions.RESULTS: Both relative groups performed significantly lower in all components of ToM and VWM tests compared to the control group. When VWM scores were employed as covariate in the analyses, the FPT difference between the groups remained significant, HT difference regressed to a marginal level, and the difference between ToM-1 and ToM-2 disappeared.CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first study indicating the presence of ToM impairment among first degree relatives of bipolar disorder patients similar to relatives of schizophrenia patients. VWM performance seems to affect first and second order ToM functions in relatives of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. On the other hand, FPT and HT domains seem to be independent of VWM performances in these groups. FPT and HT impairments may be familial vulnerability markers that are independent from neurocognitive impairment.
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| 3. |
- Danielsson, Katarina, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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The reduced Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire : Psychometric properties and related factors in a young Swedish population
- 2019
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Ingår i: Chronobiology International. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0742-0528 .- 1525-6073. ; 36:4, s. 530-540
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During puberty, there is a delay in sleep patterns and the circadian clock, and the prevalence of sleep difficulties is high among young adults. Thus, it is important to be able to measure chronotype (CT) in this group, both in the clinic and for broader epidemiological studies, to better understand the sleep difficulties observed. The reduced version of one of the most widely used questionnaire to measure CT, the Horne & Östberg Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), has been developed and validated in many languages. The aim of the present study was to investigate the reliability and validity of the Swedish reduced MEQ (rMEQ) and to investigate factors correlated with rMEQ scores in a random sample of young Swedish participants. We sent the rMEQ, sleep questions, demographic questions, the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A and HADS-D) to 1000 randomly selected individuals aged 16–26 years in Uppsala, Sweden (response rate = 68%). A parallel analysis of the rMEQ revealed a single factor solution. Inter-item correlations within the questionnaire were between 0.08 and 0.46. One of the rMEQ items displayed weak correlations with the other questions. Cronbach’s alpha of the rMEQ was 0.68. Low rMEQ scores (eveningness) were correlated with more frequent late bedtimes and difficulties getting up in the morning. Lower rMEQ scores were significantly related to male sex, no educational activity or work, nicotine use, younger age, and higher ISI and HADS-D scores. Even though the inter-item correlations of the rMEQ were very low to moderate, the rMEQ had a Cronbach’s alpha not far off from acceptable levels, and the strong correlations of the rMEQ scores with responses to the sleep questions indicated that the rMEQ had an adequate validity. To conclude, the rMEQ can be used to effectively estimate CT when a short questionnaire is required; however, caution should be taken when interpreting the results considering the reliability of the questionnaire.
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