| 1. |
- Abdullah Asif, Farazee Mohammad, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Consumer perceptions of circular business model : a case of leasing strollers
- 2022
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Ingår i: Manufacturing Driving Circular Economy. - : Springer Nature. ; , s. 953-960
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Circular Economy (CE) promotes trading functions of a product as aservice instead of selling the product in conventional ways. For a product like ababy stroller, the function means ensuring mobility with infants without needingto own a stroller. This approach of acquiring functions only when needed opensup the possibility to share the same products with multiple users. For a manufacturer that has built its business on a conventional sales model over the decades,this shift may be too radical. Therefore, for the manufacturers, it is important tounderstand consumer perceptions of the service-oriented business model beforeentering this unknown territory. To develop a thorough understanding of consumerperceptions of leasing a stroller instead of buying one, a survey among 200 parentsin Stockholm is conducted. The survey brings out quantitative results such as 39%of respondents are open to leasing and identifies key influencing factors such asconvenience and environmental image that play a key role for the remaining 61%of respondents to choose leasing. This research concludes that a large numberof consumers are open to leasing if a high level of service and environmentallysustainable strollers are offered at a competitive price.
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| 2. |
- Amir, Saman, et al.
(författare)
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Toward a Circular Economy: A Guiding Framework for Circular Supply Chain Implementation
- 2024. - 2
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Ingår i: Sustainable Supply Chains. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2365-6395. - 9783031455650 - 3031455657 - 3031455649 - 9783031455643 ; , s. 379-404
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter presents a guiding framework for circular economy implementation in supply chains. Closing the loop for resource efficiency is a well-known practice in the industry. To concretize the circular economy implementation strategies, closed-loop thinking requires innovation and adaptation. Circular supply chains (CSCs) are one of the key enablers in closing the loop by design or intention for value recovery and profit maximization. CSC is an emerging area, and the view of CSC where forward and reverse supply chain is seamlessly integrated with the overall aim to achieve system-wide circularity is missing in the academic debate. By offering a cross-functional and systemic perspective of circular supply chains, we present a guiding framework to structure and understand the underlying complexities and highlight the crucial elements of circular supply chain implementation. The framework categorizes the circular supply chain into four building blocks: systemic approach, main drivers, levels of decision making, and mechanisms to manage the full loop closure and minimize the inherent uncertainties of a complex system. We conclude the chapter by illustrating the applicability of the circular supply chain framework using two industrial cases that are transitioning toward the circular economy.
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| 3. |
- Amir, Saman, et al.
(författare)
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Toward a Circular Economy: A Guiding Framework for Circular Supply Chain Implementation
- 2024
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Ingår i: Springer Series in Supply Chain Management. - Cham : Springer Nature. ; , s. 379-404, s. 379-404
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter presents a guiding framework for circular economy implementation in supply chains. Closing the loop for resource efficiency is a well-known practice in the industry. To concretize the circular economy implementation strategies, closed-loop thinking requires innovation and adaptation. Circular supply chains (CSCs) are one of the key enablers in closing the loop by design or intention for value recovery and profit maximization. CSC is an emerging area, and the view of CSC where forward and reverse supply chain is seamlessly integrated with the overall aim to achieve system-wide circularity is missing in the academic debate. By offering a cross-functional and systemic perspective of circular supply chains, we present a guiding framework to structure and understand the underlying complexities and highlight the crucial elements of circular supply chain implementation. The framework categorizes the circular supply chain into four building blocks: systemic approach, main drivers, levels of decision making, and mechanisms to manage the full loop closure and minimize the inherent uncertainties of a complex system. We conclude the chapter by illustrating the applicability of the circular supply chain framework using two industrial cases that are transitioning toward the circular economy.
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| 4. |
- Amir, Saman, et al.
(författare)
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Towards circular economy : A guiding framework for circular supply chain implementation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Business Strategy and the Environment. - : Wiley. - 0964-4733 .- 1099-0836.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Closing the loop for resource efficiency is a well-known practice in the industry. Toconcretize the circular economy implementation strategies, closed-loop thinkingrequires innovation and adaptation. Circular supply chains (CSCs) are one of the keyenablers in closing the loop by design or intention for value recovery and profit maxi-mization. CSC is an emerging area, and the view of CSC where forward and reversesupply chain is seamlessly integrated with the overall aim to achieve system-wide cir-cularity is missing in the academic debate. By offering a cross-functional perspectiveof CSC, this paper presents a CSC guiding framework to structure and understandthe underlying complexities and highlight the crucial elements of the CSC implemen-tation. Thus, this framework lays the basis for CSC within the systemic implementa-tion of CE by closing the loop by design or intention. The framework categorizes theCSC into four building blocks, namely, systemic approach, main drivers, levels of deci-sion making, and mechanisms to manage the full loop closure and minimize the inher-ent uncertainties of a complex system. The building blocks of the framework aresynthesized from various streams of supply chain literature and recurring concepts inthe circular economy literature. The CSC framework applicability is illustrated usingtwo industrial cases that are transitioning towards the circular economy.
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| 5. |
- Hens, Bart, et al.
(författare)
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Formulation predictive dissolution (fPD) testing to advance oral drug product development : An introduction to the US FDA funded '21st Century BA/BE' project
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Pharmaceutics. - : Elsevier. - 0378-5173 .- 1873-3476. ; 548:1, s. 120-127
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the past decade, formulation predictive dissolution (fPD) testing has gained increasing attention. Another mindset is pushed forward where scientists in our field are more confident to explore the in vivo behavior of an oral drug product by performing predictive in vitro dissolution studies. Similarly, there is an increasing interest in the application of modern computational fluid dynamics (CFD) frameworks and high-performance computing platforms to study the local processes underlying absorption within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In that way, CFD and computing platforms both can inform future PBPK-based in silico frameworks and determine the GI-motility-driven hydrodynamic impacts that should be incorporated into in vitro dissolution methods for in vivo relevance. Current compendial dissolution methods are not always reliable to predict the in vivo behavior, especially not for biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) class 2/4 compounds suffering from a low aqueous solubility. Developing a predictive dissolution test will be more reliable, cost-effective and less time-consuming as long as the predictive power of the test is sufficiently strong. There is a need to develop a biorelevant, predictive dissolution method that can be applied by pharmaceutical drug companies to facilitate marketing access for generic and novel drug products. In 2014, Prof. Gordon L. Amidon and his team initiated a far-ranging research program designed to integrate (1) in vivo studies in humans in order to further improve the understanding of the intraluminal processing of oral dosage forms and dissolved drug along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, (2) advancement of in vitro methodologies that incorporates higher levels of in vivo relevance and (3) computational experiments to study the local processes underlying dissolution, transport and absorption within the intestines performed with a new unique CFD based framework. Of particular importance is revealing the physiological variables determining the variability in in vivo dissolution and GI absorption from person to person in order to address (potential) in vivo BE failures. This paper provides an introduction to this multidisciplinary project, informs the reader about current achievements and outlines future directions.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Kokare, Samruddha, et al.
(författare)
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A comparative life cycle assessment of stretchable and rigid electronics : a case study of cardiac monitoring devices
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. - : Springer Nature. - 1735-1472 .- 1735-2630.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stretchable electronics is a new innovation and becoming popular in various fields, especially in the healthcare sector. Since stretchable electronics use less printed circuit boards (PCBs), it is expected that the environmental performance of a stretchable electronics-based device is better than a rigid electronics-based device that provides the same functionalities. Yet, such a study is rarely available. Thus, the main purpose of this research is to perform a comparative life cycle analysis of stretchable and rigid electronics-based devices. This research combines both the case study approach and the research review approach. For the case study, a cardiac monitoring device with both stretchable and rigid electronics is used. The ISO 14044:2006 standard's prescribed LCA approach and ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint (Hierarchist) are followed for the impact assessment using the SimaPro 9.1 software. The LCA results show that the stretchable cardiac monitoring device has better environmental performance in all eighteen impact categories. This research also shows that the manufacturing process of stretchable electronics has lower environmental impacts than those for rigid electronics. The main reasons for the improved environmental performance of stretchable electronics are lower consumption of raw material as well as decreased energy consumption during manufacturing. Based on the LCA results of a cardiac monitoring device, the study concludes that stretchable electronics and their manufacturing process have better environmental performance in comparison with the rigid electronics and their manufacturing process.
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| 8. |
- Lee, Christina, 1992, et al.
(författare)
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Production Across the Nordics
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the uncertain and volatile market that companies are currently facing worldwide, researchers and engineers become a key link to strengthen the industry and universities in order to understand, communicate, and tackle current challenges. In the PhD course, International Production, the goal is to investigate what makes Sweden and Iceland booming industrial hubs driven by technology. Through the visits to different types of industries, such as fintech, medical, or automotive industry, we as researchers have gained a better understanding of the challenges they are currently facing. This report is a summary of our findings and observations. The participants have focused on the six challenge areas highlighted within the Produktion2030 graduate school and summarize their findings as: •Resource-efficient production: Data as a resource is becoming increasingly important for the majority of companies in the Nordics and the application of traditional resource management tools on data is a suggested area for future research. •Flexible production: To strengthen organizations by enabling production systems to be flexible to address market variations is a key challenge to consider in the manufacturing industry •Virtual production development: Digitalization level is distinct in each Nodic country with the reason that each country has its own digitalization transformation policy and different measures on digitalization level. •Humans in the production system: Humans are central in the production systems of the visited companies. Use of automation technology and AI to support humans in their work may become more common in the future. •Circular production systems and maintenance: Circular production systems require a complex approach through the whole value chain. Industry in the Nordics has started the adoption of a circularity approach. •Integrated product and production development: Integration of product and production development is a key business factor for the Nordic countries, and geographical proximity between the two departments can have a beneficial effect. We hope that this report provides more details regarding the success and current challenges of the Swedish and Icelandic enterprises.
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| 9. |
- Roci, Malvina, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-method simulation modelling of circular manufacturing systems for enhanced decision-making
- 2022
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Ingår i: MethodsX. - : Elsevier. - 1258-780X .- 2215-0161. ; 9, s. 101709-101709
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Circular manufacturing systems (CMS) constitute complex value networks comprising a large and diverse set of stakeholders that collaborate to close the loop of products through multiple lifecycles. Complex systems modelling and simulation play a crucial role in providing quantitative and qualitative insights into the behaviour of such systems. In particular, multi-method simulation modelling that combines agent-based, discrete-event, and system dynamics simulation methods is considered more suitable to model and simulate CMS as it allows to capture their complex and dynamic nature. This paper provides a step-by-step approach on how to build a CMS multi-method simulation model in order to assess their economic, environmental, and technical performance for enhanced decision-making. To model and simulate CMS three main elements need to be considered: • A multi-method model architecture where the CMS stakeholders with heterogeneous characteristics are modelled individually as autonomous agents using agent-based, discrete-event, and system dynamics. • An agent environment defined by a Geographic Information System (GIS) to establish connections based on agents’ geographic location. • The product journey resulting from the product's interaction with various CMS stakeholders in the circular value network is traced throughout its multiple lifecycles.
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| 10. |
- Roci, Malvina, et al.
(författare)
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Towards Circular Manufacturing Systems implementation : A Complex Adaptive Systems perspective using modelling and simulation as a quantitative analysis tool
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sustainable Production and Consumption. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-5509. ; 31, s. 97-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A transition towards circular manufacturing systems (CMS) has brought awareness of untapped economic and environmental benefits for the manufacturing industry. Conventional manufacturing systems already present a high level of complexity in terms of physical flows of materials and products as well as information and financial flows linked to them. Closing the loop of materials and products through multiple lifecycles, as proposed in CMS, increases this complexity manifold. To support practitioners in implementing CMS through enhanced decision-making, this research studies CMS from a complex adaptive systems (CAS) perspective and proposes to exploit methods and tools used in the study of CAS to characterise, model and analyse CMS. By viewing CMS as CAS composed of autonomous, interacting agents, this research proposes a multi-method model architecture for modelling and simulating CMS. The different CMS stakeholders are modelled individually as autonomous agents by integrating agent-based, discrete-event, and/or system dynamics modules within each agent to capture their diverse and heterogeneous nature. The applicability of the proposed multi-method approach is illustrated through a case study of a white goods manufacturing company implementing CMS in practice. This case study shows the relevance and feasibility of the proposed multi-method approach as a decision support tool for the systemic exploration and quantification of CMS. It also shows how a transition towards CMS necessitates a lifecycle approach in terms of costs, revenues and environmental impacts to identify hotspots and, therefore, design circular systems that are viable in both economic and environmental terms. In fact, the analyses of the simulation results indicate how decisions in terms of business models, product design, and supply chain affected the CMS performance of the case company. For instance, implementing a service-based model led to a high number of usecycles (on average six usecycles per washing machine), which, in turn, led to high lifecycle costs and emissions due to more frequent transportation and recovery operations. Similarly, the deployment of long-lasting washing machines, which is a core principle of CMS, led to high manufacturing costs. Due to the high initial costs and a time mismatch between revenues and costs in the service-based model, it required a longer time for the company to reach the break-even point (approximately 23 months). Overall, the case study shows that multi-method simulation modelling can provide decision-making support for a successful implementation of CMS.
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