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| 2. |
- Bulten, Wouter, et al.
(författare)
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Artificial intelligence assistance significantly improves Gleason grading of prostate biopsies by pathologists
- 2021
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Ingår i: Modern Pathology. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 0893-3952 .- 1530-0285. ; 34, s. 660-671
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Gleason score is the most important prognostic marker for prostate cancer patients, but it suffers from significant observer variability. Artificial intelligence (AI) systems based on deep learning can achieve pathologist-level performance at Gleason grading. However, the performance of such systems can degrade in the presence of artifacts, foreign tissue, or other anomalies. Pathologists integrating their expertise with feedback from an AI system could result in a synergy that outperforms both the individual pathologist and the system. Despite the hype around AI assistance, existing literature on this topic within the pathology domain is limited. We investigated the value of AI assistance for grading prostate biopsies. A panel of 14 observers graded 160 biopsies with and without AI assistance. Using AI, the agreement of the panel with an expert reference standard increased significantly (quadratically weighted Cohens kappa, 0.799 vs. 0.872;p = 0.019). On an external validation set of 87 cases, the panel showed a significant increase in agreement with a panel of international experts in prostate pathology (quadratically weighted Cohens kappa, 0.733 vs. 0.786;p = 0.003). In both experiments, on a group-level, AI-assisted pathologists outperformed the unassisted pathologists and the standalone AI system. Our results show the potential of AI systems for Gleason grading, but more importantly, show the benefits of pathologist-AI synergy.
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| 3. |
- Coelho, Paulo G., et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced Bone Bonding to Nanotextured Implant Surfaces at a Short Healing Period : A Biomechanical Tensile Testing in the Rat Femur
- 2016
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Ingår i: Implant Dentistry. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1056-6163 .- 1538-2982. ; 25:3, s. 322-327
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To compare the bone bonding capabilities of 2 different surface treatments at an early healing period. Titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) custom-made rectangular plates (1.4 x 2.4 x 4 mm) were either dual acid etched (Ti6Al4V-DAE) or nanotextured proprietary processed Ti6Al4V-Ossean (intraLock International, Boca Raton, FL). Materials and Methods: Implants were placed in the distal femurs of 10 Wistar rats and were allowed to heal for 9 days. After euthanasia, the bone immediately proximal and distal to the implant was removed to test the bone bonding force with a universal testing machine. Ultrastructure of the bone/implant interface was assessed by scanning electron microscopy Results: Ti6Al4V-NTB samples exhibited significantly greater bond strength than Ti6Al4V-DAE samples. Morphologically, the Ti6Al4V-Ossean surfaces presented intimate interaction with bone, whereas little interaction between the Ti6Al4V-DAE surface and bone was observed Conclusion: The results of this study indicated a significant increase in bone bonding for the Ossean surface, which is suggested to be the outcome of the nanotexturing.
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| 4. |
- De Souza Salles, Rafael, et al.
(författare)
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Classification of Scalogram Signatures for Power Quality Disturbances Using Transfer Learning
- 2022
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Ingår i: 2022 20th International Conference on Harmonics & Quality of Power (ICHQP) Proceedings. - : IEEE. - 9781665416399
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electrical power systems have gone through a process of transformations that will remain characterized by a wide penetration of renewable sources, electronic devices, and computerization. In this context, Power Quality (PQ) is associated with several challenges for the sector, presenting new issues and new scenarios for old problems. Signal processing (SP) plays an essential role in PQ applications as a tool that helps measure, characterize, and visualize electrical grid disturbances. At the same time, artificial intelligence (AI) is becomming more and more useful to classification tasks regarding PQ disturbances . This work aims to employ a transfer learning methodology for PQ disturbances classification. Wavelet scalograms of the signal are created using CWT for feature extraction of time-frequency signatures. The 2-D images of this representation are used to train and test pre-trained CNN models’ performance. The work aims to contribute to PQ disturbances classification through innovative methods and assess the performance of different CNNs models that have a significant role in image classification. The performance of four network models is assessed: ResNet-18, VGG-19, Inception-v3, and ResNet-101. Discussion and consideration about the results provide evaluation of the methodology.
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| 7. |
- Ribeiro, Paulo Fernando, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction
- 2022
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Ingår i: Interdisciplinary and Social Nature of Engineering Practices. - Cham : Springer. ; , s. 3-19
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Ribeiro, Paulo Fernando, et al.
(författare)
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Toward a Holistic Normative Design
- 2022
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Ingår i: Interdisciplinary and Social Nature of Engineering Practices. - Cham : Springer. ; , s. 57-77
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Salles, Rafael S., et al.
(författare)
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Observations on Harmonics Summation in Transmission Systems: Alternative Aggregation Estimation
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 2050-7038.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aggregation of harmonic components from different sources is one of the critical and challenging assessments in electric power systems. Harmonic summation analysis and estimation is not a simple task since there will be variations because of the grid complexity, nonlinear sources, and unpredictable behaviour of harmonic currents that affect the results. An evaluation of harmonic summation using alternative methods to calculate the harmonic composition at any network point is suggested. A typical arrangement of transmission grids was modelled and used to simulate the results. This paper aims to highlight the results obtained by these alternative methods of harmonic summation and show the role of this type of analysis in transmission systems planning. The contributions are (a) illustrate how alternative methods of harmonic summation can be applied to investigate harmonic aggregation from different sources; (b) provide a case study that also discusses the harmonic aggregation effects with different locations of sources and component phase angle shifting; (c) show comparison and correlation between those alternative summations calculations with a standardized and firmly adopted method (proposed by IEC 61000-3-6). The software MATLAB/Simulink performs simulation and analysis. Finally, the work discusses the findings.
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