| 1. |
- Roelfsema, P. R., et al.
(författare)
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In-orbit performance of Herschel-HIFI
- 2012
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 537
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: In this paper the calibration and in-orbit performance of the Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared (HIFI) is described.Methods: The calibration of HIFI is based on a combination of ground and in-flight tests. Dedicated ground tests to determine those instrument parameters that can only be measured accurately using controlled laboratory stimuli were carried out in the instrument level test (ILT) campaign. Special in-flight tests during the commissioning phase (CoP) and performance verification (PV) allowed the determination of the remaining instrument parameters. The various instrument observing modes, as specified in astronomical observation templates (AOTs), were validated in parallel during PV by observing selected celestial sources.Results: The initial calibration and in-orbit performance of HIFI has been established. A first estimate of the calibration budget is given. The overall in-flight instrument performance agrees with the original specification. Issues remain at only a few frequencies. Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA.
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| 2. |
- Bergink, S, et al.
(författare)
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DNA damage triggers nucleotide excision repair-dependent monoubiquitylation of histone H2A
- 2006
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Ingår i: Genes & development. - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. - 0890-9369 .- 1549-5477. ; 20:10, s. 1343-1352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chromatin changes within the context of DNA repair remain largely obscure. Here we show that DNA damage induces monoubiquitylation of histone H2A in the vicinity of DNA lesions. Ultraviolet (UV)-induced monoubiquitylation of H2A is dependent on functional nucleotide excision repair and occurs after incision of the damaged strand. The ubiquitin ligase Ring2 is required for the DNA damage-induced H2A ubiquitylation. UV-induced ubiquitylation of H2A is dependent on the DNA damage signaling kinase ATR (ATM- and Rad3-related) but not the related kinase ATM (ataxia telangiectasia-mutated). Although the response coincides with phosphorylation of variant histone H2AX, H2AX was not required for H2A ubiquitylation. Together our data show that monoubiquitylation of H2A forms part of the cellular response to UV damage and suggest a role of this modification in DNA repair-induced chromatin remodeling.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Hornikx, Maarten, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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On the improved point-to-point calculations for noise mapping in shielded urban areas
- 2012
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Ingår i: 41st International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering 2012, INTER-NOISE 2012; New York, NY; United States; 19 August 2012 through 22 August 2012. - 9781627485609 ; 6, s. 5223-5234
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Noise mapping of urban areas according to standardized engineering calculation methods systematically results in an underestimation of noise levels at areas shielded from direct exposure to noise, such as inner yards. In these methods, road traffic lanes are represented by point sources and noise levels are computed utilizing point-to-point propagation paths. For a better prediction of noise levels in shielded urban areas, the attenuation terms describing these propagation paths are extended by terms including geometrical aspects of the urban environment both in the source and in the receiver area. In the present work, it has been studied to what extent these terms may be treated as being independent of the source-receiver distance. Also, the validity of treating the propagation path in a 2D plane rather than in 3D is investigated. Results obtained from a wave-based acoustic propagation model have been used for this assessment.
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| 5. |
- Kok, Gautam, et al.
(författare)
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Treatment of ARS deficiencies with specific amino acids
- 2021
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Ingår i: Genetics in Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1098-3600. ; 23:11, s. 2202-2207
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Recessive cytosolic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (ARS) deficiencies are severe multiorgan diseases, with limited treatment options. By loading transfer RNAs (tRNAs) with their cognate amino acids, ARS are essential for protein translation. However, it remains unknown why ARS deficiencies lead to specific symptoms, especially early life and during infections. We set out to increase pathophysiological insight and improve therapeutic possibilities. Methods: In fibroblasts from patients with isoleucyl-RS (IARS), leucyl-RS (LARS), phenylalanyl-RS-beta-subunit (FARSB), and seryl-RS (SARS) deficiencies, we investigated aminoacylation activity, thermostability, and sensitivity to ARS-specific amino acid concentrations, and developed personalized treatments. Results: Aminoacylation activity was reduced in all patients, and further diminished at 38.5/40 °C (PLARS and PFARSB), consistent with infectious deteriorations. With lower cognate amino acid concentrations, patient fibroblast growth was severely affected. To prevent local and/or temporal deficiencies, we treated patients with corresponding amino acids (follow-up: 1/2–2 2/3rd years), and intensified treatment during infections. All patients showed beneficial treatment effects, most strikingly in growth (without tube feeding), head circumference, development, coping with infections, and oxygen dependency. Conclusion: For these four ARS deficiencies, we observed a common disease mechanism of episodic insufficient aminoacylation to meet translational demands and illustrate the power of amino acid supplementation for the expanding ARS patient group. Moreover, we provide a strategy for personalized preclinical functional evaluation.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Wei, W., et al.
(författare)
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An efficient model for background noise mapping
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 9th European Conference on Noise Control, EURONOISE 2012, Prague, 10-13 June 2012. - 2226-5147. - 9788001050132 ; , s. 376-379
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been shown that inhabitants of dwellings exposed to high noise levels benefit from having access to a quiet side. Therefore the European Environmental Noise Directive allows member states to include the presence of a quiet side in their reports. However, current practice applications of noise mapping methods usually underestimate the noise level at the shielded façade when the most important contribution is sound propagation over the rooftop. Multiple reflections from opposite façades in street canyons are not sufficiently taken into account. In addition, sources at distance much larger than normally taken into account in noise maps might in some cases still contribute significantly. Since one of the main reasons for this poor approximation is computational burden, an efficient engineering model is proposed, which considers multiple reflections and turbulence scattering. The model uses an analytical function of a complexity comparable to ISO 9613 formula for noise barriers that is fitted to an extensive set of FDTD (finite difference time domain) simulations of canyon-to-canyon sound propagation. This model allows calculating the background noise in the shielded areas of a city, which could then be used to refine noise mapping calculations.
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| 8. |
- Wei, W., et al.
(författare)
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Urban Background Noise Mapping: The General Model
- 2014
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Ingår i: Acta Acustica united with Acustica. - : Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH. - 1610-1928 .- 1861-9959. ; 100:6, s. 1098-1111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surveys show that inhabitants of dwellings exposed to high noise levels benefit from having access to a quiet side. However, current practice in noise prediction often underestimates the noise levels at a shielded facade. Multiple reflections between facades in street canyons and inner yards are commonly neglected and facades are approximated as perfectly flat surfaces yielding only specular reflection. In addition, sources at distances much larger than normally taken into account in noise maps might still contribute significantly. Since one of the main reasons for this is computational burden, an efficient engineering model for the diffraction of the sound over the roof tops is proposed, which considers multiple reflections, variation in building height, canyon width, facade roughness and different roof shapes. The model is fitted on an extensive set of full-wave numerical calculations of canyon-to-canyon sound propagation with configurations matching the distribution of streets and building geometries in a typical historically grown European city. This model allows calculating the background noise in the shielded areas of a city, which could then efficiently be used to improve existing noise mapping calculations. The model was validated by comparison to long-term measurements at 9 building facades whereof 3 were at inner yards in the city of Ghent, Belgium. At shielded facades, a strong improvement in prediction accuracy is obtained.
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