| 1. |
- Pramling Samuelsson, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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27 forskare i upprop mot skärmfri förskola
- 2024
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Ingår i: Förskolan. - Stockholm : Sveriges Lärare.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- VI LÄRARE DEBATT: Regeringens uppdrag till Skolverket – att göra utbildningen i förskolan skärmfri – riskerar att ge negativa och allvarliga konsekvenser, särskilt för barn som är i störst behov av att möta en digitaliserad värld med stöd av utbildade förskollärare och barnskötare. Det skriver 27 barn- och förskoleforskare i ett gemensamt upprop.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Albertsson, Per, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Positron emission tomography and computed tomographic (PET/CT) imaging for radiation therapy planning in anal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Critical reviews in oncology/hematology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1040-8428. ; 126, s. 6-12
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- To improve the accuracy of chemoradiation therapy in anal cancer patients PET/CT is frequently used in the planning of radiation therapy. A systematic review was performed to assess impact on survival, quality of life, symptom score, change in target definition and treatment intention. Systematic literature searches were conducted in Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Centre for Reviews and Dissemination. Ten cross-sectional studies were identified. No data were available on survival or quality of life. The summary estimate of the proportion of patients in which PET/CT had an impact on the target definition, was 23% (95% CI 16;33). The corresponding summary estimate of a change in treatment intent from curative to palliative was 3% (95% CI 2;6). Almost one in four patients had a change in target definition, which supports the use of PET/CT in radiation therapy planning, but the consequence regarding survival and quality of life is still uncertain.
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| 4. |
- Alce, Günter, et al.
(författare)
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UbiCompass : An IoT interaction concept
- 2018
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Ingår i: Advances in Human-Computer Interaction. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-5893 .- 1687-5907. ; 2018
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lately, different wearable form factors have reached the consumer domain. Wearables enable at-a-glance access to information and can continually sense the surrounding environment. Internet of Things (IoT) researchers have focused on the main enabling factors: The integration of several technologies and communication solutions. Less effort has been devoted to exploring how not-so-tech-savvy end users can discover and directly interact with the numerous connected things predicted by the IoT vision. This paper presents a novel IoT interaction concept called UbiCompass. A functional, smartwatch face prototype of the UbiCompass was developed and integrated with an existing smart home system, in which five different connected devices could be controlled using simple interaction. It was then compared to a traditional smartphone mobile application in a controlled experiment. The results show statistically significant differences in favor of the proposed concept. This highlights the potential the UbiCompass has as an IoT interaction concept.
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| 5. |
- Appelros, P, et al.
(författare)
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A national stroke quality register : 12 years experience from a participating hospital
- 2007
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Ingår i: European Journal of Neurology. - : Wiley. - 1351-5101 .- 1468-1331. ; 14:8, s. 890-894
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Registration of all hospitalized stroke patients is practiced in Sweden in order to assess care quality. Data in this register, Riks-Stroke (RS), may be biased due to incomplete registration. The purpose of this paper was to report changes in stroke outcome in relation to fluctuations in registration. Patients registered in RS at a hospital during the period 1994-2005 were analyzed. Case fatality at 28 days, living conditions, and activities of daily living (ADL) performance at 3 months were correlated to the number of patients registered and follow-up frequency. A total of 4994 stroke cases were registered during the period. A high annual registration rate was significantly correlated to a high case fatality ratio. A low annual follow-up rate was associated with a low proportion of patients living in their own home without any need of help. Quality parameters are sensible for selection bias, which make them difficult to compare over time and between hospitals. We suggest that by weighing outcome data against stroke severity, safer conclusions may be drawn. Additionally, hospitals considering setting up quality registers should make every effort to attain complete case ascertainment at all times, including patients managed outside the hospital, in order to avoid selection bias.
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| 6. |
- Awe, Samuel Ayowole, et al.
(författare)
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Wise process routes for varying feedstock in base metal extraction
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings, European Metallurgical Conference EMC 2011. - Germany : GDMB. - 9783940276391 ; , s. 1315-1322
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Sweden, there are several large but low-grade ore deposits that have not been extracted so far. The main reason is presence of impurities such as arsenic and antimony that increase the overall cost of the process and make the extraction uneconomical. In-depth experimental studies, plant data and theoretical modelling and innovations are needed to develop new techniques for an efficient use of the resources. Besides, recycling of metals from end of life scrap and metal containing waste, e.g. waste electric and electronic equipment (WEEE), is an important part of a metal production plant. Most of these secondary raw materials contain mixtures of different metals together with various plastics and ceramics that may adversely affect products and by-products of the metallurgical opera-tion. Therefore, a thorough study on how to control possible changes of properties is required. The aim of the research is to develop an optimum combination of hydro- and pyro- metallurgical path-ways to bleed out impurities from the metal extraction chain and/or convert them into valuable by-products. The first part of the current paper focuses on impurity removal from a complex copper concentrate as an upgrading stage. It is shown that by selective dissolution of tetrahedrite in alkaline sulphide solution, antimony and arsenic would be eliminated and the concentrate can be treated in pyro-metallurgical processes. In the second part of the paper, influences of one of the most common and significant compounds that is included in most of the secondary raw materials, alumina Al2O3, on properties of a copper production slag are explained. Results show that increased alumina content of the slag will cause formation of a new phase and rises the liquidus temperature, while its leaching properties are not adversely affected.
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| 7. |
- Babanejad, Safoura, et al.
(författare)
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High-Temperature Behavior of Spent Li-Ion Battery Black Mass in Inert Atmosphere
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy. - : Springer Nature. - 2199-3823 .- 2199-3831. ; 8, s. 566-581
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increased demand for Li-ion batteries has prompted the scientific community to improve recycling routes in order to reuse the valuable materials in batteries. After their end-of-life, the batteries are collected, discharged, and mechanically disintegrated, generating plastic and metallic streams that are recycled directly; this leaves behind a small particle size fraction known as black mass (BM). BM is composed mainly of graphite and Li-metal complex oxides. Pyrometallurgy is a route known for recycling of BM, in which identifying the BM’s behavior at high temperatures is essential. In this study, two types of BM are characterized in two fractions of 150–700 µm and smaller than 150 µm. The thermal behavior of the BM is studied with thermal analysis techniques. The analyses demonstrate that the mineralogical and morphological properties of the two fractions do not significantly differ, while the amounts of C and organic materials might vary. When the BM was thermally treated, the binders decomposed until a temperature of 500 ℃ was reached, where the volatilization of hydrocarbons was observed, although F mostly persisted in the BM. The Li-metal oxide was partially reduced to lower oxides and Li carbonate at ⁓ 600 ℃, and the main mass loss was caused by carbothermic reduction immediately thereafter. As the products of this process, metallic Co and Ni phases were formed, and part of the graphite remained unreacted. Regarding the Li behavior, it was observed that in the presence of Al, AlLiO2 is the most likely composition to form, and it changes to LiF by increasing the F concentration in the composition.
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| 8. |
- Berntson, Lillemor, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Blood brain barrier permeability and astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis : a cross-sectional study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Pediatric Rheumatology. - : Springer Nature. - 1546-0096. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most prevalent rheumatic disease in children, and the inflammatory process is widely studied, primarily characterized by its impact on joint health. Emerging evidence suggests that JIA may also affect the central nervous system (CNS). This study investigates the potential CNS involvement in JIA by analyzing the presence of astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) and the S100B protein in plasma, both of which are indicative of astrocyte activity and blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity.Methods: EDTA plasma from 90 children diagnosed with JIA and 10 healthy controls, matched by age and gender, was analyzed for extracellular vesicles by flow cytometric measurement. Astrocyte-derived EVs were identified using flow cytometry with markers for aquaporin 4 (AQP-4) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Levels of the S100B protein were measured using a commercial ELISA. Disease activity was assessed using the Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS27, 0-57), and pain levels were measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS, 0-10 cm).Results: Our analyses revealed a significantly higher concentration of astrocyte-derived EVs in the plasma of children with JIA compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, children with JADAS27 scores of 1 or higher exhibited notably higher levels of these EVs. The S100B protein was detectable exclusively in the JIA group.Conclusion: The elevated levels of astrocyte-derived EVs and the presence of S100B in children with JIA provide evidence of BBB disruption and CNS involvement, particularly in those with higher disease activity. These findings underscore the importance of considering CNS health in the comprehensive management of JIA. Further research is required to elucidate the mechanisms behind CNS engagement in JIA and to develop treatments that address both joint and CNS manifestations of the disease.
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| 9. |
- Compañero, Reinol Josef, et al.
(författare)
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A value of information approach to recycling
- 2024
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Ingår i: Resources, Conservation and Recycling. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-3449 .- 1879-0658. ; 209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Uncertainties with respect to the chemical composition of scrap limit its suitability as an input to recycling. This study offers an alternative approach in dealing with this concern and explores the hypothetical case where this uncertainty is nonexistent. The effect of fully knowing the scrap composition is simulated using an optimization software adopted to scrap-based, stainless-steel production. Through the systematic implementation of this information-driven model in the studied cases, the results suggest that with access to perfect information, recycling incentives can be realized. Essentially, the steel scraps’ consumption increased since it was possible to select and combine scrap quantities with varying composition profiles to achieve the targeted product compositions. This also meant that elements already in the scrap were allocated in a manner that was less dependent on pure alloy additions. Being able to demonstrate the value of information on scrap composition could rationalize upgrades on current scrap management systems.
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| 10. |
- Compañero, Reinol Josef, et al.
(författare)
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Appraising the value of compositional information and its implications to scrap-based production of steel
- 2023
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Ingår i: Mineral Economics. - : Springer Nature. - 2191-2203 .- 2191-2211.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current nature of steel design and production is a response to meet increasingly demanding applications but without much consideration of end-of-life scenarios. The scrap handling infrastructure, particularly the characterization and sorting, is unable to match the complexity of scrapped products. This is manifested in problems of intermixing and contamination in the scrap flows, especially for obsolete scrap. Also, the segmentation of scrap classes in standards with respect to chemical compositions is based on tolerance ranges. Thus, variation in scrap composition exists even within the same scrap type. This study applies the concept of expected value of perfect information (EPVI) to the context of steel recycling. More specifically, it sets out to examine the difference between having partial and full information on scrap composition by using a raw material optimization software. Three different scenarios with different constraints were used to appraise this difference in terms of production and excess costs. With access to perfect information, production costs decreased by 8–10%, and excess costs became negligible. Overall, comparing the respective results gave meaningful insights on the value of reestablishing the compositional information of scrap at the end of its use phase. Furthermore, the results provided relevant findings and contribute to the ongoing discussions on the seemingly disparate prioritization of economic and environmental incentives with respect to the recycling of steel.
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