| 1. |
- Saffari, M., et al.
(författare)
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Determinants of health-related quality of life in Iranian patients after recovery from COVID-19 : Demographic influences and insomnia
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Public Health Science. - : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama. - 2252-8806 .- 2620-4126. ; 11:1, s. 220-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current study sought to identify factors that may affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients recovering from COVID-19 infection in Iran. In a cross-sectional study 258 patients diagnosed with COVID-19, participants completed a questionnaire approximately one month after hospital discharge when demographic and clinical factors (including insomnia) and HRQoL were assessed. A logistic regression was used. Age, gender, marital status, education, having child, early physician visit, early diagnosis, early hospitalization, symptom type, Rhesus factor, and level of insomnia were associated with various components of HRQoL (p<0.05). In multivariate analyses, poorer physical HRQoL was independently associated with female gender (OR=4.53; 95% CI=2.22-2.29), initial symptom of cough (OR=2.73; 95% CI=1.26-5.94), and insomnia (OR=2.74; 95% CI=1.22-6.14). Poorer mental HRQoL was associated with being age 40 years or older (OR=1.90; 95% CI=1.02-3.54), female gender (OR=2.48; 95% CI=1.26-4.88), initial symptom being cough (OR=3.12; 95% CI=1.46-6.68), and insomnia (sub-threshold insomnia, OR=3.19; 95% CI, 1.51-6.74, to severe insomnia, OR=3.86; 95% CI=1.35-11.07). Healthcare professionals should be aware that older people, female gender, those with initial symptom of cough, and insomnia may be at greater risk for poor quality of life following hospital discharge.
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| 2. |
- Mahmoudi, H., et al.
(författare)
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A mediating role for mental health in associations between COVID-19-related self-stigma, PTSD, quality of life, and insomnia among patients recovered from COVID-19
- 2021
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Ingår i: Brain and Behavior. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2162-3279 .- 2162-3279.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Patients with COVID-19 often suffer from psychological problems such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and self-stigmatization that may negatively impact their quality of life and sleep. This study examined mental health as a potential mediating factor linking self-stigmatization and PTSD to quality of life and sleep. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, 844 people who had recovered from COVID-19 were called and interviewed. Data were collected using structured scales. Structural equation modeling was applied to assess fitness of a mediation model including self-stigma and PTSD as independent factors and quality of life and insomnia as dependent variables. Results: Mental health, COVID-19-related self-stigma, and mental quality of life were associated. Insomnia, PTSD, and COVID-19-related self-stigma displayed significant direct associations (r =.334 to 0.454; p <.01). A mediation model indicated satisfactory goodness of fit (CFI = 0.968, TLI = 0.950, SRMR = 0.071, RMSEA = 0.068). Mental health as a mediator had negative relationships with COVID-19-related self-stigma, PTSD, and insomnia and positive associations with quality of life. Conclusion: Mental health may mediate effects of COVID-19-related self-stigma and PTSD on quality of life and insomnia. Designing programs to improve mental health among patients with COVID-19 may include efforts to reduce negative effects of PTSD and COVID-19-related self-stigma on quality of life and insomnia.
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| 3. |
- Saffari, M., et al.
(författare)
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Educational Intervention Based on the Health Belief Model to Modify Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Police Officers in Iran : A Quasi-experimental Study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. - : Korean Society for Preventive Medicine. - 1975-8375 .- 2233-4521. ; 53:4, s. 275-284
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Police officers may be at a greater risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than the general population due to their highstress occupation. This study evaluated how an educational program based on the health belief model (HBM) may protect police officers from developing CVD. METHODS: In this single-group experimental study, 58 police officers in Iran participated in a 5-week intervention based on HBM principles. Outcomes included changes in scores on an HBM scale, time spent on moderate to vigorous physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), body mass index (BMI), blood lipid profile, blood glucose, and blood pressure. The intervention consisted of 5 HBM-based educational sessions. Follow-up was conducted at 3 months post-intervention. The paired t-test was used to examine differences between baseline and follow-up scores. RESULTS: All aspects of the HBM scale improved between baseline and follow-up (p<0.05), except the cues to action subscale. Self-efficacy and preventive behaviors improved the most. BMI decreased from 26.7±2.9 kg/m2 at baseline to 25.8±2.4 kg/m2 at follow-up. All components of the lipid profile, including triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein, showed significant improvements post-intervention. Blood glucose and blood pressure also decreased, but not significantly. Nearly 25% of participants who were not physically active at baseline increased their physical activity above or beyond the healthy threshold. CONCLUSIONS: A relatively brief educational intervention based on HBM principles led to a significant improvement in CVD risk factors among police officers. Further research is needed to corroborate the effectiveness of this intervention.
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| 4. |
- Sanaeinasab, H., et al.
(författare)
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Development and Psychometric Assessment of the COVID-19 Health Literacy Scale : Preliminary Testing and Factor Structure
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Health Literacy. - : Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. - 2476-4728. ; 6:4, s. 32-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Objective: Improving the health literacy in the different populations regarding COVID-19 may be useful in the control of its prevalence. This study examined the psychometric properties of a newly developed disease-specific measure of health literacy related to COVID-19 to be used as a standard measure. Materials and Methods: Relevant literature was reviewed to identify an item pool, and an expert panel was convened to choose items that might be included in the scale. Content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) was determined and face validity was examined by calculating the impact score in a group of social media users. The factor structure of the initial scale was examined in 590 Iranian individuals participating in online social networks in September 2020. Internal consistency of the scale was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest reliability of responses was measured by Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: A five-factor solution for the 51-items scale was obtained through exploratory factor analysis. The five main dimensions were understanding, communication, information seeking, analysis, and behavior. The dimensions explained 47% of the variance in scale scores. Participants whose scores fell in the high category (27%) were significantly different compared to those whose scores fell in the low category (27%) on all dimensions (p<0.001). The CVR values for all items were greater than 0.85 and all items also got CVI values higher than 0.79 based on nine-person expert panel. The Cronbach’s alpha for the overall scale was 0.89, and it was ranged from 0.71 to 0.90. Test-retest reliability for the scale was high (r=0.89). Conclusion: Health Literacy Scale for protect against COVID-19is a valid and reliable measure for Iranian population. This measure should be translated, and administered, in other settings to replicate the results obtained here.
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| 5. |
- Sanaeinasab, H., et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a health education program to promote healthy lifestyle and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes : A randomized controlled trial
- 2021
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Ingår i: Primary Care Diabetes. - : Elsevier. - 1751-9918 .- 1878-0210. ; 15:2, s. 275-282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common chronic disease with an increase in prevalence within developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of a structured educational program for improving lifestyle and health-related measures in Iranians with T2DM. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in 80 participants with T2DM who were randomly assigned to either the intervention or a control group. A demographic questionnaire along with the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II and related laboratory tests were used to assess the efficacy of the program. The intervention consisted of six educational sessions held over 45 days. The control group received routine diabetic care at the clinic. Three months after the intervention, participants completed the measures again. Within-group and between-group comparisons were then made. Results: All subscales of lifestyle measure improved in the intervention group, whereas only the nutrition domain improved in the control group. After adjusting for baseline differences, physical activity and nutrition domains showed the greatest improvement in the intervention group compared to controls. All clinical measures were also significantly improved within intervention group from baseline to follow-up (p < 0.001), whereas HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, HDL, triglyceride, cholesterol, and weight also changed significantly in the control group. The frequency of HbA1c < 7% was increased from 27.5% at baseline to 37.5% at follow-up (10%) in the intervention group compared to only a 5% increase in the control group. Conclusion: This educational health program significantly improved lifestyle changes and health-related clinical characteristics in persons with T2DM, compared to routine diabetic care in Iran. Further research is needed to better understand the usefulness of such programs in diabetics and other medical conditions among those in different cultural settings.
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| 6. |
- Saffari, Mohsen, et al.
(författare)
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A theory of planned behavior-based intervention to improve quality of life in patients with knee/hip osteoarthritis : a randomized controlled trial
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical Rheumatology. - : Springer. - 0770-3198 .- 1434-9949. ; 37:9, s. 2505-2515
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic disorder among elderly people that affects joints such as the knee and hip in particular. The objective of the current study was to examine the efficacy of an intervention based on a theory of planned behavior (TPB) in improving health-related quality of life in middle-age and older adults with this condition. One hundred twenty patients diagnosed with knee/hip OA were recruited from a general hospital. Measures administered at baseline were the SF-12, EuroQol (EQ-5D), Osteoarthritis Knee and Hip Quality of Life (OAKHQoL), and TPB questionnaire. Also assessed were body mass index (BMI), Kellgren-Lawrence Scale, six-minute walk test (SMWT), muscle strength, range of motion (ROM), and joint tenderness and swelling. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention (n = 60) or the control group (n = 60). The intervention group received an educational program based on TPB that was administered over 1 month. The control group did not receive this treatment. Three months after the intervention, both groups were reevaluated and comparisons made. Compared to the no-treatment control group, those in the intervention group scored higher on HRQoL, both general and specific, at 3-month follow-up (p < 0.01). The only exception was the vitality domain. Significant differences were also found on the TPB questionnaire, the SMWT, and muscle strength in the expected direction (p < 0.05). While those in the intervention group improved significantly on all clinical measures from pre-test to post-test, those in the control group showed improvement only on BMI and joint tenderness. This TPB-based intervention was found to be efficacious in improving HRQoL and several clinical parameters in patients with knee/hip OA. Studies are needed to examine the effectiveness of this intervention in patients with other chronic medical conditions.
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| 7. |
- Saffari, Mohsen, et al.
(författare)
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An Education-Based Text Messaging Program to Improve Nurses' Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Related to Nosocomial Infections in Intensive Care Settings
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing. - : Slack. - 0022-0124 .- 1938-2472. ; 50:5, s. 211-217
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Nosocomial infection (NI) is common in health care settings. Educational strategies such as mobile teaching methods for health care providers may help to resolve this problem. This pilot study assessed the influence of a text messaging program to improve intensive care unit nurses' knowledge, attitude, and practice related to NI prevention.METHOD: In this single-group experimental study, 32 nurses received an educational intervention via short text messages on their cell phones. Information on knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding NI prevention was collected using a standard scale. Preventive messages about NI were prepared and sent to participants during a 2-month trial. Results were assessed 2 weeks after the intervention, and data were analyzed by paired t test.RESULTS: Knowledge, attitude, and practice of participants increased by 17%, 3%, and 9%, respectively, from baseline to follow up. The average score on the knowledge dimension was lower than for other components. Knowledge components such as hand hygiene, work safety, and protective equipment increased to a lesser degree from pre- to posttest, compared with other aspects (p < .05 versus p < .001).CONCLUSION: An education-based program operating through short text messages may be a useful in-service training strategy for intensive care unit nurses.
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| 8. |
- Saffari, Mohsen, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric properties of Persian Diabetes-Mellitus Specific Quality of Life (DMQoL) questionnaire in a population-based sample of Iranians
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries. - : Springer. - 0973-3930 .- 1998-3832. ; 39:1, s. 218-227
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among patients with diabetes mellitus is often poorer than in those with other chronic medical conditions. Appropriate disease specific measures are needed to measure HRQoL in these patients. This study sought to validate a culturally adapted version of the Diabetes-Mellitus Specific Quality of Life (DMQoL) questionnaire module in Persian. Concurrent validity of the scale was assessed by the Diabetes Quality of Life (DQOL) questionnaire. Convergent and discriminative validity of the DMQoL was determined using a brief version of World Health Organization’s Quality of Life Scale Brief version (WHOQOL-BREF), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales (HADS), and Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS). Construct validity was examined using confirmatory factor analysis. Rasch analysis was also performed to examine the unidimensionality of the DMQoL. Known-group method was used to examine the ability of the scale to differentiate between different categories of patients. A sample of 824 patients (512 females) with diabetes mellitus was recruited from diabetic care centers located in Qazvin, Iran. The mean age of participants was 54.1 (SD 6.3) and 27% were smokers. All items loaded on a single factor (factor loadings ≥ 0.6) and internal consistency of the scale was acceptable (α = 0.89). Significant associations were found between the scale and DQOL, indicating concurrent validity (p < 0.001). The DMQoL was able to differentiate subgroups of patients with hypertension, HbA1c, cholesterol, and diabetic diet. All items were appropriate with regard to difficulty level and confirmatory factor analysis verified the scale’s single dimension (CFI = 0.927; RMSEA = 0.067). Persian DMQoL is a reliable and valid measure of HRQoL in a Persian-speaking population with type II diabetes. Further assessment is needed to confirm the psychometric properties of the scale in other cultures and languages. Future studies are needed to determine the sensitivity of the scale to change over time in response to treatment.
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| 9. |
- Sanaeinasab, Hormoz, et al.
(författare)
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A theory of planned behavior-based program to increase physical activity in overweight/obese military personnel : A randomised controlled trial
- 2020
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Ingår i: Applied Psychology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1758-0846 .- 1758-0854. ; 12:1, s. 101-124
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Designing a health promotion program to increase physical activity may contribute to weight management. The purpose of this study was to investigate a theory of planned behavior (TPB) program to address this problem in military people.Methods: Eighty-four obese/overweight military personnel were randomised into the intervention or control group. A questionnaire assessed demographics, aspects of the TPB program, and physical activity levels. Also assessed were blood glucose and lipid levels. The intervention consisted of seven educational sessions based on TPB. Data were collected at baseline and 3 months after the intervention.Results: All constructs of the TPB improved between baseline and follow-up in the intervention group (p <.001), while there were no significant changes in the control group (within-group comparisons). Between-group comparisons on TPB measures revealed differences in all domains when results were controlled for baseline covariates. Greater light and moderate physical activity was observed in the intervention group. Body mass index decreased significantly within the intervention group (p <.001). Changes in triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein also favored the intervention over the control group.Conclusion: An intervention based on the TPB may be effective in promoting physical activity and decreasing weight in military personnel who are obese or overweight.
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