| 1. |
- Persson, Christina, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal Speech Outcome at 5 and 10 Years in UCLP: Influence of Speech Therapy and Secondary Velopharyngeal Surgery
- 2024
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Ingår i: CLEFT PALATE CRANIOFACIAL JOURNAL. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC. - 1055-6656 .- 1545-1569.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate speech development of children aged 5 and 10 years with repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and identify speech characteristics when speech proficiency is not at 'peer level' at 10 years. Estimate how the number of speech therapy visits are related to speech proficiency at 10 years, and what factors are predictive of whether a child's speech proficiency at 10 years is at 'peer level' or not. Design: Longitudinal complete datasets from the Scandcleft project Participants: 320 children from nine cleft palate teams in five countries, operated on with one out of four surgical methods. Interventions: Secondary velopharyngeal surgery (VP-surgery) and number of speech therapy visits (ST-visits), a proxy for speech intervention. Main Outcome Measures: 'Peer level' of percentage of consonants correct (PCC, > 91%) and the composite score of velopharyngeal competence (VPC-Sum, 0-1). Results: Speech proficiency improved, with only 23% of the participants at 'peer level' at 5 years, compared to 56% at 10 years. A poorer PCC score was the most sensitive marker for the 44% below 'peer level' at 10-year-of-age. The best predictor of 'peer level' speech proficiency at 10 years was speech proficiency at 5 years. A high number of ST-visits received did not improve the probability of achieving 'peer level' speech, and many children seemed to have received excessive amounts of ST-visits without substantial improvement. Conclusions: It is important to strive for speech at 'peer level' before age 5. Criteria for speech therapy intervention and for methods used needs to be evidence-based.
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| 2. |
- Felix, Christina Bertholds, et al.
(författare)
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Feasibility and Efficacy of Intensive Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training in An Outpatient Setting for A Group of Patients with Extensive Care Needs - A Transdiagnostic Approach.
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Psychiatric quarterly. - 1573-6709. ; 94:4, s. 691-704
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is a treatment originally developed för chronically suicidal adults. It is common to adapt it by using one specific component, the DBT skills training (DBT-ST) and apply it in a group therapy setting for a variety of mental disorders. The primary aim of the study was to explore whether patients with extended care needs would report improved mental health after participating in an intensive form of DBT-ST. The secondary aim was to explore whether the use of psychiatric inpatient care for the group would decrease.Thirty-seven participants completed the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation - Outcome Measure (CORE-OM), and visual analogue scale (VAS) at three time points: pre-intervention, post-intervention and at 6-month follow-up after intensive DBT-ST.One-way ANOVA showed a significant effect for time on the CORE-OM: F (2,35)=7.93, p=.001, η2=0.312 (large effect size). Post hoc tests indicated a significant difference between pre-intervention and post-intervention (p=.001) and between pre-intervention and follow-up (p=.01). A Friedman test indicated a statistically significant difference in the VAS scale scores across the three time points, with p-values between 0.00 and 0.05. There was no difference in psychiatric healthcare consumption.These study results confirm to some extent the feasibility and effectiveness of the intensive DBT-ST in a transdiagnostic clinical setting. The participants had a positive outcome from the skills training program, but psychiatric healthcare consumption did not decrease.
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| 3. |
- Fälth, Linda, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Decoding intervention for young students with mild intellectual disabilities : A single-subject design study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities. - : Sage Publications. - 1744-6295 .- 1744-6309.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Students with intellectual disabilities need more time and explicit instruction to develop word decoding. Most previous research on interventions among these students is performed in English. Therefore, the current study examined the impact of a word-decoding intervention in Swedish on individual students with intellectual disabilities. A single-subject-design study was conducted with five students with mild intellectual disability in the fourth grade. They needed to enhance decoding, and Swedish was their first language. Their word and non-word decoding was measured during the baseline and intervention phases. The intervention with the Wolff Intensive Program was delivered by special education teachers supporting phonemic decoding and reading fluency training during 25 sessions. All five students developed their decoding as they decoded more words in a given time (NAP=0.84-1.00) and decreased their decoding errors in both word and nonword decoding (NAP=0.72-1.00). The results are promising but need to be confirmed in additional studies.
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| 4. |
- Hirsch, JM, et al.
(författare)
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Screening kan minska insjuknade i munhålecancer
- 2017
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Ingår i: Tandläkartidningen. - 0039-6982. ; 2017:9, s. 50-53
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oral cancer har hög morbiditet och mortalitet om den inte upptäcks i tid och antalet sjukdomsfall ökar. Ett nationellt program för screening av munhålan skulle kunna minska antalet cancerfall betydligt, eftersom en stor del av cancerfallen orsakas av miljö- och livsstilsfaktorer. Tobak, alkohol och dålig tandhälsa är några av riskfaktorerna.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Karmin, Monika, et al.
(författare)
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A recent bottleneck of Y chromosome diversity coincides with a global change in culture.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Genome Research. - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. - 1088-9051 .- 1549-5469. ; 25:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is commonly thought that human genetic diversity in non-African populations was shaped primarily by an out-of-Africa dispersal 50-100 thousand yr ago (kya). Here, we present a study of 456 geographically diverse high-coverage Y chromosome sequences, including 299 newly reported samples. Applying ancient DNA calibration, we date the Y-chromosomal most recent common ancestor (MRCA) in Africa at 254 (95% CI 192-307) kya and detect a cluster of major non-African founder haplogroups in a narrow time interval at 47-52 kya, consistent with a rapid initial colonization model of Eurasia and Oceania after the out-of-Africa bottleneck. In contrast to demographic reconstructions based on mtDNA, we infer a second strong bottleneck in Y-chromosome lineages dating to the last 10 ky. We hypothesize that this bottleneck is caused by cultural changes affecting variance of reproductive success among males.
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| 7. |
- Kofoed, Kristian, et al.
(författare)
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Low Prevalence of Oral and Nasal Human Papillomavirus in Employees Performing CO2-laser Evaporation of Genital Warts or Loop Electrode Excision Procedure of Cervical Dysplasia
- 2015
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Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1651-2057 .- 0001-5555. ; 95:2, s. 173-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) transmission during laser vaporisation of genital warts or loop electrode excision procedure is controversial. An oral rinse, a nasal swabs, history of HPV-related diseases and data on HPV exposure were collected from 287 employees at departments of dermato-venerology and gynaecology in Denmark. A mucosal HPV type was found among 5.8% of employees with experience of laser treatment of genital warts as compared to 1.7% of those with no experience (p=0.12). HPV prevalence was not higher in employees participating in electrosurgical treatment or cryotherapy of genital warts, or loop electrode excision procedure compared with those who did not. HPV 6 or 11 were not detected in any samples. Hand warts after the age of 24 years was more common among dermatology than among non-dermatology personnel (18% vs. 8.0% P=0.03). Mucosal HPV types are infrequent in the oral and nasal cavity of health care personnel, however, employees at departments of dermato-venereology are at risk of acquiring hand warts.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Mogren, A., et al.
(författare)
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Children and adolescents with speech sound disorders are more likely to have orofacial dysfunction and malocclusion
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Dental Research. - : Wiley. - 2057-4347. ; 8:5, s. 1130-1141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Children with speech sound disorders (SSD) form a heterogeneous group that differs in terms of underlying cause and severity of speech difficulties. Orofacial dysfunction and malocclusions have been reported in children with SSD. However, the association is not fully explored. Objectives: Our aims were to describe differences in orofacial function and malocclusion between a group of children and adolescents with compared to without SSD and to explore associations between those parameters among the group with SSD. Methods: A total of 105 participants were included, 61 children with SSD (6.0-16.7 years, mean age 8.5 +/- 2.8, 14 girls and 47 boys) and 44 children with typical speech development (TSD) (6.0-12.2 years, mean age 8.8 +/- 1.6, 19 girls and 25 boys). Assessments of orofacial function included an orofacial screening test and assessment of bite force, jaw stability, chewing efficiency, and intraoral sensory-motor function. Possible malocclusions were also assessed. Result: Children with SSD had both poorer orofacial function and a greater prevalence of malocclusion than children with TSD. Furthermore, children with SSD and poorer orofacial function had a greater risk of malocclusion. Conclusion: Our result suggests that children with SSD are more prone to having poorer orofacial function and malocclusion than children with TSD. This illustrates the importance of assessing coexisting orofacial characteristics in children with SSD, especially since orofacial dysfunction may be linked to an increased risk of malocclusion. This result highlights the need for a multiprofessional approach.
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| 10. |
- Olsson, Maja, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide analysis of genetic determinants of circulating factorVII-activating protease (FSAP) activity
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1538-7933 .- 1538-7836. ; 16:10, s. 2024-2034
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background FactorVII-activating protease (FSAP) has roles in both coagulation and fibrinolysis. Recent data indicate its involvement in several other processes, such as vascular remodeling and inflammation. Plasma FSAP activity is highly variable among healthy individuals and, apart from the low-frequency missense variant Marburg-I (rs7080536) in the FSAP-encoding gene HABP2, determinants of this variation are unclear. Objectives To identify novel genetic variants within and outside of the HABP2 locus that influence circulating FSAP activity. Patients/Methods We performed an exploratory genome-wide association study (GWAS) on plasma FSAP activity amongst 3230 Swedish subjects. Directly genotyped rare variants were also analyzed with gene-based tests. Using GWAS, we confirmed the strong association between the Marburg-I variant and FSAP activity. HABP2 was also significant in the gene-based analysis, and remained significant after exclusion of Marburg-I carriers. This was attributable to a rare HABP2 stop variant (rs41292628). Carriers of this stop variant showed a similar reduction in FSAP activity as Marburg-I carriers, and this finding was replicated. A secondary genome-wide significant locus was identified at a 5p15 locus (rs35510613), and this finding requires future replication. This common variant is located upstream of ADCY2, which encodes a protein catalyzing the formation of cAMP. Results and Conclusions This study verified the Marburg-I variant to be a strong regulator of FSAP activity, and identified an HABP2 stop variant with a similar impact on FSAP activity. A novel locus near ADCY2 was identified as a potential additional regulator of FSAP activity.
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