| 1. |
- Bergman, David, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of dialogue groups on physicians' work environment
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Health Organization & Management. - : Emerald. - 1477-7266 .- 1758-7247. ; 21:1, s. 27-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether dialogue groups for physicians can improve their psychosocial work environment. Design/methodology/approach – The study assessed the impact of eight dialogue groups, which involved 60 physicians at a children's clinic in one of the main hospitals in Stockholm. Psychosocial work environment measures were collected through a validated instrument sent to all physicians (n=68) in 1999, 2001 and 2003. Follow-up data were collected after the termination of the groups. Findings – The overall score of organizational and staff wellbeing, as assessed by the physicians at the clinic, deteriorated from 1999 until 2003 and then improved 2004. This shift in the trend coincided with the intervention. No other factors which might explain this shift could be identified. Research limitations/implications – In a naturalistic study of this kind it is not possible to prove any causal relationships. A controlled survey of management programmes concerning the work environment among physicians would be of interest for further research. Practical implications – The results suggest that dialogue groups may be one way to improve the psychosocial work environment for physicians. Originality/value – There is a lack of intervention studies regarding the efficacy of management programmes directed toward physicians, concerning the effects on professional and personal wellbeing. This is the first time dialogue groups have been studied within a health care setting.
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| 2. |
- Bergman, David, et al.
(författare)
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Teaching group dynamics - do we know what we are doing? : An approach to evaluation
- 2008
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Ingår i: Medical teacher. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0142-159X .- 1466-187X. ; 30:1, s. 55-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Research into the efficacy of programs of leadership and group dynamics in undergraduate medical education is sparse. Aims: The aim of this study was to apply and test a pre-post evaluation design of a one-week experiential learning based course of group dynamics. Methods: Two questionnaires were sent to 160 medical students, before and after the course. The response rate was acceptable (73%). Results: While there was a small change in attitudes towards openness in their professional role and group dynamics, there was a major change in two subgroups of students to these topics. The students who were least interested in collaborative constructivist learning and those students who mainly looked for practical value were the students who changed their attitudes most towards openness in their professional role. Conclusions: It appears that those students who would be least likely to voluntarily attend such a course were the ones who learned the most. This study does not allow for any generalizations regarding the outcome of experiential learning of group dynamics, but it is an argument for the use of systematic evaluations in order to identify students who can benefit from courses aimed at improving profound knowledge.
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| 3. |
- Blomquist, Christine, et al.
(författare)
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Leadership challenges of strategic research centres in relation to degree of institutionalisation
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management. - 1360-080X. ; 38:6, s. 649-663
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to describe and analyse leadership challenges in the organisation of strategic research centres, focusing on the relationship between organisation and the level of institutionalisation. Four main themes of leadership challenges were identified: (1) the changing university context, including relationships with top management and faculties; (2) research strategy, considering decisions about diversity or a focused perspective; (3) management, dealing with prioritising administrative work; (4) affiliation, the sense of belonging to a strategic research centre, comprising issues of leadership, trust, attitude towards recruitment and succession. We concluded that leadership and effective administration are vital for research collaboration, not only within small research groups as been shown in other studies, but also within large groups in university-based research centres.
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Authentic and congruent leadership providing excellent work environment in palliative care
- 2011
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Ingår i: Leadership in Health Services. - : Emerald. - 1751-1879 .- 1751-1887. ; 24:2, s. 135-149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the perceptions of registered nurses (RNs), enrolled nurses (ENs), and leaders (i.e. the first‐line nurse manager, F‐LNM and the substitute F‐LNM) as to what characterises an excellent work environment in a palliative care unit and the involvement of leadership in that environment.Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected using two separate instruments: a questionnaire, group interviews with nurses and leaders, and documents at a palliative care unit. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the material.Findings: According to the participants, the most important component at the palliative care unit was to accomplish the vision of good palliative care. Congruence in leadership, mature group functioning, adequate organisational structures and resources, and comprehensive and shared meaningfulness were all identified as essential components for fulfilling the vision.Originality/value: This study indicates that fulfilling the vision of good palliative care may function as a buffer against stress in such a workplace
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Between being and doing – the nature of leadership of first-line nurse managers and registered nurses
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 19:17/18, s. 2619-2628
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims and objectives. The aim of this study was to describe first-line nurse managers’ (F-LNMs) and subordinate registered nurses’ (RNs) conceptions and experiences of their routine work and how leadership was exercised. Background. Extensive changes in health care organisations have had a powerful impact on leadership in nursing management. Nursing leadership, in turn, has an affect on both the quality of care and the subordinates’ work environment. Therefore, it is important to enhance our understanding of current leadership in nursing management. Design. This is a descriptive qualitative study carried out in three units at three Swedish hospitals. Methods. Three F-LNMs and 14 RNs participated. Interviews were used to collect data. The interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results. The result of this study was illustrated in one main theme referred to in this study as between being and doing. The RNs and F-LNMs described what it was to be a good professional (being), how they were engaged in creating a good work climate (doing) and personal outcomes of this project (gaining). Conclusion. The reciprocal relation between being and doing, which can be described as the development of virtues, was a central point in the professional work of the F-LNMs and RNs. The development of virtues is also a strategy to attain the goals of nursing and establish a work climate that motivates staff and improves performance. Relevance to clinical practices. The implication for nursing management is to create ample space to develop strategies and knowledge about how leadership in nursing management can stimulate the development of a common perspective of good care and professional virtues appropriate for health care praxis.
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Role stress among first-line nurse managers and registered nurses : a comparative study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 21:3, s. 449-458
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Studies show that first-line nurse managers (F-LNMs) experience high psychological job demands and inadequate managerial guidance. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether F-LNMs have higher stress levels and show more signs of stress-related ill health than registered nurses (RNs).Aim: The aim of this study was to examine possible differences in self-rated health between F-LNMs and RNs on various psychosocial factors (e.g. job demand, job control and managerial support).Methods: Data were collected at a university hospital in Sweden. Sixty-four F-LNMs and 908 RNs filled in a web-based questionnaire.Results: Both F-LNMs and RNs reported having good health. Approximately 10–15% of the F-LNMs and RNs showed signs of being at risk for stress-related ill health. Statistically significant differences (Mann–Whitney U-test) were found in the distribution between the F-LNMs and the RNs on three indices of job control, job demand and managerial support.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that F-LNMs were able to cope with high-demand job situations because of relatively high control over work.Implication for nursing management: The implication for nursing management shows the needs for a work environment for both F-LNMs and RNs that includes high job control and good managerial support.
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| 7. |
- Johansson, Gunilla
(författare)
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Viljan att göra skillnad : en utmaning i vårdenhetschefers ledarskap
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aim: The overall aim of this thesis was to gain a deeper understanding of F-LNMs’ leadership. Another aim was to examine possible differences in self-rated health between F-LNMs and registered nurses (RNs) on various psychosocial factors.Method: Study I and III are single case studies. Study I concerns a first-line nurse manager working in a unit for care of older people. Data collection comprised of two interviews, observations, and documents. A hermeneutic approach was used for the analysis. Study II was carried out in three units at three Swedish hospitals. Three F-LNMs and 14 RNs participated. Interviews were used to collect data. The interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Study III was conducted at a palliative care unit. Data were collected using three separate instruments: a questionnaire, group interviews with nurses and leaders, and documents. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the material. Study IV was conducted at a university hospital. Seventy-eight F-LNMs and their 1,806 subordinated RNs participated in the study. Data were collected using a web-based questionnaire (Web-QPS) to assess the participant’s psychosocial work environment and their self-rated health.Result: The main finding in study I was that the F-LNM goal-profile consisted of three goals - the nurse goal, the administrator goal and the leadership goal. The administrator and leadership goal were in accordance to her job description, while the nurse goal was interpreted as a personally chosen and prioritised goal. In study II the result was illustrated in one main theme referred to as between being and doing. The RNs and F-LNMs described what it was to be a good professional (being), how they were engaged in creating a good work climate (doing) and personal outcomes of this project (gaining). In study III the result showed that the most important component at the palliative care unit was to accomplish the vision of good palliative care. Congruence in leadership, mature group functioning, adequate organisational structures and resources, and comprehensive and shared meaningfulness were all identified as essential components for fulfilling the vision. In study IV both F-LNMs and RNs found their work in general important, interesting and meaningful and reported self-rated health as good. However, about 10-15% shoved signs of being at risk for stress related ill health. The results showed statistically significant differences in the distribution between the F-LNMs and the RNs on three indices: job control, job demand and managerial support in a direction which would be favorable to the F-LNMs.Conclusion: Nurses and F-LNMs seem to have high ideals and expectations of giving good care. The value- system of nursing, i.e. providing the best care for each patient, seems to be a point of departure for the F-LNMs leadership. Key factors for obtaining this are sufficient resources and adequate structures as well as good climate in the teams. One can therefore assume that the F-LNMs should be based on creating a healthy and sustainable work environment that promotes the quality of care and employee well-being. This is obtained by promoting development of ethical competence of the F-LNMs themselves as well as the employees. F-LNMs’ work conditions have a significant impact on how they can support and promote such a development.
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| 8. |
- Larsson, Gerry, et al.
(författare)
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Leadership behavior changes following a theory-based leadership development intervention : a longitudinal study of subordinates’ and leaders’ evaluations
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 58:1, s. 62-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to evaluate effects of leadership courses based on the developmental leadership model at the leadership behavioral level. A longitudinal design was employed with assessments before, one and six months after the leadership courses. The sample consisted of 59 leaders who made self-ratings and were rated by at least three subordinates on each occasion. Leadership behaviors were measured with the Developmental Leadership Questionnaire (DLQ). A limited increase of favorable leadership behaviors and a significant reduction of unfavorable leadership behaviors were found, particularly according to the subordinates’ ratings. A cluster analysis yielded three meaningful leader profiles and showed that this pattern was found in all three profiles, irrespective of how favorably they were rated before the onset of the intervention.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Näslund, Johan, 1954-
(författare)
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Insyn i grupphandledning : Ett bidrag till förståelsen av ett av de människobehandlande yrkenas hjälpredskap
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall purpose of this work has been to describe what group supervision for helping professionals could be, how it can change over time and to problematise the influential mechanisms that exist in supervision of groups.The issues considered in this work are about group supervision for teachers and psychiatric nurses. This format is used since most supervision provided to professionals is performed in a group format. The theoretical background gathers its material from texts concerning supervision for helping professions with an emphasis on psychotherapists, counsellors, social workers and teachers. The empirical data consists of material from three supervision groups that have had supervision for about a year. Two groups belong to the educational system and one in the health care system. The study of supervision is aided by a questionnaire, five audiotaped recordings per group, and interviews.The contribution to this study can shortly be summarized as follows:Narratives in a supervision context can be used to indicate if discussions during supervision lead to reflection and learning or avoidance. The hypothesis of unconscious re-enactment can indicate a process where feelings and patterns are re-enacted in a situation other than the original. Feelings are unconsciously communicated and affect, often powerfully, a group's ability to reflect and learn. Participants in supervision of groups control to a great extent the content of supervision through their expectations.
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