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| 2. |
- Berry, Madeleine, et al.
(författare)
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Local variation in stress response of juvenile anadromous brown trout, Salmo trutta
- 2024
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Ingår i: ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION. - 2045-7758. ; 14:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Habitat fragmentation may cut off anadromous salmonids from parts of their potential native habitat and separate previously connected populations. Understanding the consequences of this is vital for fish management and prioritization of restoration activities. Here, we show that there is a significant difference in the body morphology, physiological stress response, and aspects contributing to aerobic capacity between juvenile anadromous brown trout, Salmo trutta, collected at a downstream site and an upstream site, separated by 2 km and several challenging stream sections, in a small unfragmented stream system in western Sweden. Following a standardized stress test, there were significant differences between fish from the upstream and downstream sites (plasma cortisol concentration, plasma osmolality, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration). Plasma glucose concentration did not significantly differ between fish from the two sites. Fish from the upstream site had larger spleen mass, although there was no evidence of differences in ventricle mass or proportion of compact ventricular myocardium. These physiological differences indicate local variation in stress response and highlight the importance of considering local trait variation in river management. If a section of the river becomes fragmented or degraded, and there are differences in the juveniles in different parts of the river, the consequence for the population might be larger than the proportional loss of habitat.
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| 4. |
- Fischer, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Brain activation while forming memories of fearful and neutral faces in women and men
- 2007
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Ingår i: Emotion. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 1528-3542 .- 1931-1516. ; 7:4, s. 767-773
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Event-related functional MRI (fMRI) was used to assess brain activity during encoding of fearful and neutral faces in 12 women and 12 men. In a subsequent memory analysis, the authors separated successful from unsuccessful encoding of both types of faces, based on whether they were remembered or forgotten in a later recognition memory test. Overall, women and men recruited overlapping neural circuitries. Both sexes activated right-sided medial-temporal regions during successful encoding of fearful faces. Successful encoding of neutral faces was associated with left-sided lateral prefrontal and right-sided superior frontal activation in both sexes. In women, relatively greater encoding related activity for neutral faces was seen in the superior parietal and parahippocampal cortices. By contrast, men activated the left and right superior/middle frontal cortex more than women during successful encoding of the same neutral faces. These findings suggest that women and men use similar neural networks to encode facial information, with only subtle sex differences observed for neutral faces.
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| 6. |
- Frändberg, Julia, et al.
(författare)
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Antenatal corticosteroids : a retrospective cohort study on timing, indications and neonatal outcome
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349. ; 97:5, s. 591-597
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: An antenatal corticosteroid (ACS) delivery interval of 24 h to seven days is commonly referred to as optimal timing. We aimed to investigate whether the ACS delivery interval was associated with the obstetric indication for treatment and with neonatal complications. Material and methods: The study was a retrospective chart review of clinical data from preterm neonates delivered at the Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Sweden, from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2016. The ACS delivery intervals were compared between groups of women with various clinical scenarios and related to neonatal outcomes. Results: The study included 498 preterm neonates from 431 women. One to seven days before delivery, 41% of the women received ACS. Women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes or vaginal bleeding had a median ACS delivery interval of 7.5 and eight days, respectively, compared with women with maternal/fetal indications or preterm labor (three and two days, respectively) (p < 0.001). Neonates with an ACS delivery interval of more than seven days were at a higher risk of respiratory distress syndrome [odds ratio (OR) 2.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05–3.79] and moderate or severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (OR 2.78, 95% CI 1.45–5.33) than were neonates with an ACS delivery interval of one to seven days. Conclusion: Optimal timing of ACS treatment varied significantly based on the clinical indication. Women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes or vaginal bleeding were more likely to have an ACS delivery interval of more than seven days. A prolonged ACS delivery interval was associated with an increased risk of neonatal respiratory morbidity and a prolonged stay in the neonatal care unit, but not with neonatal mortality.
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| 7. |
- Göransson, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Better communication between surgery and anesthesia may provide safer surgery : The exchange of information has been mapped within the framwork of "Safe abdominal surgery"
- 2015
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; :112:DITT
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Problem i kommunikation mellan företrädare för kirurgi och anestesi äventyrar ofta säkerheten vid bukkirurgi.För att hitta strategier för förbättrad säkerhet har Landstingens ömsesidiga försäkringsbolag (LÖF) startat projektet »Säker bukkirurgi«.Inom ramen för Säker bukkirurgi har rutinerna kring informationsutbyte mellan kirurgi och anestesi kartlagts på 17 enheter under 2011–2013.I en retrospektiv semikvantitativ genomgång av revisionsrapporterna har systematiskt återkommande problem och brister identifierats.Till de åtgärder som skulle kunna leda till förbättrad säkerhet noterades bl a förtydligande av ASA-klassifikationen, konsekvent användning av hälsodeklaration, tydligare inskrivningsjournaler och gemensamma journalsystem i hela vårdkedjan.Förslagen berör konkreta åtgärder som skulle kunna förbättra patientsäkerheten men som behöver utvärderas i fortsatta studier.
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| 8. |
- Göransson, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Bättre utbyte mellan kirurgi och anestesi kan ge säkrare operation - Informationsutbytet har kartlagts inom ramen för »Säker bukkirurgi«.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Poor communication between surgical and anesthesia unit personnel may jeopardize patient safety. Review reports from a national survey on patient safety performed at 17 units 2011-2013 were analyzed in order to identify strategies to reduce risks related to the interaction between surgery and anesthesia. The reports were reviewed in this study by an independent group in order to extract findings related to communication between anesthesia and surgical unit personnel. Suggested strategies to improve patient safety included: uniform national health declaration forms; consistent use of admission notes; uniform systems for documenting medical information; multidisciplinary forum for evaluation of high-risk patients; weekly and daily scheduling of surgical programs; application of the WHO check list; open dialog during surgery; oral and written reports from the surgeon to the postoperative unit; and combined mortality and morbidity conferences.
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- Göransson, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Safety hazards in abdominal surgery related to communication between surgical and anesthesia unit personnel found in a Swedish nationwide survey
- 2016
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Ingår i: Patient Safety in Surgery. - London, United Kingdom : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1754-9493. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Many adverse events occur due to poor communication between surgical and anesthesia unit personnel. The aim of this study was to identify strategies to reduce risks unveiled by a national survey on patient safety.Methods: During 2011-2015, specially trained survey teams visited the surgery departments at Swedish hospitals and documented routines concerning safety in abdominal surgery. The reports from the first seventeen visits were reviewed by an independent group in order to extract findings related to routines in communication between anesthesia and surgical unit personnel.Results: In general, routines regarding preoperative risk assessment were safe and well-coordinated. On the other hand, routines regarding medication prior to surgery, reporting between the different units, and systems for reporting and providing feedback on adverse events were poor or missing. Strategies with highest priority include: 1. a uniform national health declaration form; 2. consistent use of admission notes; 3. systems for documenting all important medical information, that is accessible to everyone; 4. a multidisciplinary forum for the evaluation of high-risk patients; 5. weekly and daily scheduling of surgical programs; 6. application of the WHO check list; 7. open dialog during surgery; 8. reporting based on SBAR; 9. oral and written reports from the surgeon to the postoperative unit; and 10. combined mortality and morbidity conferences.Conclusion: One repeatedly occurring hazard endangering patient safety was related to communication between surgical and anesthesia unit personnel. Strategies to reduce this hazard are suggested, but further research is required to test their effectiveness.
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| 10. |
- Hallén, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Male infertility after mesh hernia repair : a prospective study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Surgery. - : Elsevier. - 0039-6060 .- 1532-7361. ; 149:2, s. 179-184
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Several animal studies have raised concern about the risk for obstructive azoospermia owing to vasal fibrosis caused by the use of alloplastic mesh prosthesis in inguinal hernia repair. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of male infertility after bilateral mesh repair.METHODS: In a prospective study, a questionnaire inquiring about involuntary childlessness, investigation for infertility and number of children was sent by mail to a group of 376 men aged 18-55 years, who had undergone bilateral mesh repair, identified in the Swedish Hernia Register (SHR). Questionnaires were also sent to 2 control groups, 1 consisting of 186 men from the SHR who had undergone bilateral repair without mesh, and 1 consisting of 383 men identified in the general population. The control group from the SHR was matched 2:1 for age and years elapsed since operation. The control group from the general population was matched 1:1 for age and marital status.RESULTS: The overall response rate was 525 of 945 (56%). Method of approach (anterior or posterior), type of mesh, and testicular status at the time of the repair had no significant impact on the answers to the questions. Nor did subgroup analysis of the men CONCLUSION: The results of this prospective study in men do not support the hypothesis that bilateral inguinal hernia repair with alloplastic mesh prosthesis causes male infertility at a significantly greater rate than those operated without mesh.
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