| 1. |
- Allard, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Rasbiologiskt språkbruk i statens rättsprocess mot sameby : DN Debatt 2015-06-11
- 2015
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Statens hantering av forskningsresultat i rättsprocessen med Girjas sameby utgör ett hot mot Sverige som rättsstat och kunskapsnation. Åratal av svensk och internationell forskning underkänns och man använder ett språkbruk som skulle kunna vara hämtat från rasbiologins tid. Nu måste staten ta sitt ansvar och börja agera som en demokratisk rättsstat, skriver 59 forskare.
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| 2. |
- Abbasi, Alireza, et al.
(författare)
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Highly hydrated cations : Deficiency, mobility and coordination of water in crystalline nonahydrated scandium(III), yttrium(III) and lanthanoid(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate
- 2005
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Ingår i: Chemistry - A European Journal. - : Wiley. - 0947-6539 .- 1521-3765. ; 11:14, s. 4065-4077
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Trivalent lanthanide-like metal ions coordinate nine water oxygen atoms, which form a tricapped trigonal prism in a large number of crystalline hydrates. Water deficiency, randomly distributed over the capping positions, was found for the smallest metal ions in the isomorphous nonahydrated trifluoromethanesulfonates, [M(H2O)(n)]CF3SO3)(3), in which M=Sc-III, Lu-III, Yb-III, Tm-III or Er-III. The hydration number n increases (n=8.0(1), 8.4(1), 8.7(1), 8.8(1) and 8.96(5), respectively) with increasing ionic size. Deuterium (H-2) solid-state NMR spectroscopy revealed fast positional exchange between the coordinated capping and prism water molecules; this exchange started at temperatures higher than about 280 K for lutetium(m) and below 268 K for scandium(m). Similar positional exchange for the fully nonahydrated yttrium(m) and lanthanum(m) compounds started at higher temperatures, over about 330 and 360 K, respectively. An exchange mechanism is proposed that can exchange equatorial and capping water molecules within the restrictions of the crystal lattice, even for fully hydrated lanthanoid(III) ions. Phase transitions occurred for all the water-deficient compounds at; 185 K. The hydrated scandium(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate transforms reversibly (Delta H degrees= -0.80(1) kJ mol(-1) on cooling) to a trigonal unit cell that is almost nine times larger, with the scandium ion surrounded by seven fully occupied and two partly occupied oxygen atom positions in a distorted capped trigonal prism. The hydrogen bonding to the trifluoromethanesulfonate anions stabilises the trigonal prism of water ligands, even for the crowded hydration sphere of the smallest metal ions in the series. Implications for the Lewis acid catalytic activity of the hydrated scandium(III) and lanthanoid(III) trifluoromethanesulfonates for organic syntheses performed in aqueous media are discussed.
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| 3. |
- Hedblom, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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Landscape perception : linking physical monitoring data to perceived landscape properties
- 2020
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Ingår i: Landscape research. - : Routledge. - 0142-6397 .- 1469-9710. ; 45:2, s. 179-192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Changes in the landscape affect not only people’s well-being but also how people perceive and use the landscape. An increasing number of policies have highlighted the importance of conserving a landscape’s recreational and aesthetical values. This study develops and evaluates a model that links people’s perceptions of a mountain landscape to physical monitoring data. Using a questionnaire, we revealed how respondents working with the Swedish mountains characterise the Magnificent Mountain landscape (as defined by Swedish policy objectives) and translated these characteristics into data from the National Inventory of Landscapes in Sweden (NILS). We found 14 potential indicators that could be derived from the existing NILS physical monitoring data and which could be used to monitor changes in the landscape values as perceived by people. Based on the results, we suggest how to simultaneously utilise field sampling of physical data and field photos to provide temporal information about landscape perception.
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| 4. |
- SVENSSON, JOHAN, et al.
(författare)
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Nationell miljöövervakning och utvärdering av ekosystemtjänster i fjäll och skog
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ekosystemtjänster kan bidra till att synliggöra värden i naturen som människor är beroende av för sin överlevnad och sin välfärd. För att kunna planera för uthållig markanvändning och förvaltning av naturresurser behöver beslutsfattare på olika nivåer ha tillgång till bra information om landskapens, ekosystemens och ekosystemtjänsternas tillstånd.Projektets ambition har varit att utforska konceptet ekosystemtjänster och konkretisera hur ekosystemtjänster kan tillämpas, skattas, kartläggas och användas som underlag för beslut i strategisk och operativ markanvändning, landskapsplanering och uppföljning av tillstånd och förändringar i ekosystem och landskap.Fokus har varit norra Sveriges fjäll- och boreala skogslandskap med de landskaps- och naturresurser samt markanvändningar och ekosystem som förekommer där. Projektets mål har varit att den kunskap som utvecklats och de erfarenheter som gjorts ska göras tillgängliga och användbara för beslutsfattare och praktiker. Studien visar på ett konkret sätt hur begreppet ekosystemtjänster kan komma till praktisk nytta.Den här rapporten är ett resultat från ett av sju projekt inom forskningssatsningen Värdet av ekosystemtjänster och har författats av forskare vid SLU (Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet) och Man & Nature. Projektet finansierades av Naturvårdsverkets miljöforskningsanslag.
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| 5. |
- Svensson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Nationell miljöövervakning och utvärdering av ekosystemtjänster i fjäll och skog. Rapport 6754 Februari 2017. Naturvårdsverket
- 2017
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ekosystemtjänster kan bidra till att synliggöra värden i naturen som människor är beroende av för sin överlevnad och sin välfärd. För att kunna planera för uthållig markanvändning och förvaltning av naturresurser behöver beslutsfattare på olika nivåer ha tillgång till bra information om landskapens, ekosystemens och ekosystemtjänsternas tillstånd. Projektets ambition har varit att utforska konceptet ekosystemtjänster och konkretisera hur ekosystemtjänster kan tillämpas, skattas, kartläggas och användas som underlag för beslut i strategisk och operativ markanvändning, landskapsplanering och uppföljning av tillstånd och förändringar i ekosystem och landskap. Fokus har varit norra Sveriges fjäll- och boreala skogslandskap med de landskaps- och naturresurser samt markanvändningar och ekosystem som förekommer där. Projektets mål har varit att den kunskap som utvecklats och de erfarenheter som gjorts ska göras tillgängliga och användbara för beslutsfattare och praktiker. Studien visar på ett konkret sätt hur begreppet ekosystemtjänster kan komma till praktisk nytta. Den här rapporten är ett resultat från ett av sju projekt inom forskningssatsningen Värdet av ekosystemtjänster och har författats av forskare vid SLU (Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet) och Man & Nature. Projektet finansierades av Naturvårdsverkets miljöforskningsanslag.
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| 6. |
- Östling, Jörgen, et al.
(författare)
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IL-17-high asthma with features of a psoriasis immunophenotype
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 144:5, s. 1198-1213
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The role of IL-17 immunity is well established in patients with inflammatory diseases, such as psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease, but not in asthmatic patients, in whom further study is required.Objective: We sought to undertake a deep phenotyping study of asthmatic patients with upregulated IL-17 immunity.Methods: Whole-genome transcriptomic analysis was performed by using epithelial brushings, bronchial biopsy specimens (91 asthmatic patients and 46 healthy control subjects), and whole blood samples (n = 498) from the Unbiased Biomarkers for the Prediction of Respiratory Disease Outcomes (U-BIOPRED) cohort. Gene signatures induced in vitro by IL-17 and IL-13 in bronchial epithelial cells were used to identify patients with IL-17–high and IL-13–high asthma phenotypes.Results: Twenty-two of 91 patients were identified with IL-17, and 9 patients were identified with IL-13 gene signatures. The patients with IL-17–high asthma were characterized by risk of frequent exacerbations, airway (sputum and mucosal) neutrophilia, decreased lung microbiota diversity, and urinary biomarker evidence of activation of the thromboxane B2 pathway. In pathway analysis the differentially expressed genes in patients with IL-17-high asthma were shared with those reported as altered in psoriasis lesions and included genes regulating epithelial barrier function and defense mechanisms, such as IL1B, IL6, IL8, and β-defensin.Conclusion: The IL-17–high asthma phenotype, characterized by bronchial epithelial dysfunction and upregulated antimicrobial and inflammatory response, resembles the immunophenotype of psoriasis, including activation of the thromboxane B2 pathway, which should be considered a biomarker for this phenotype in further studies, including clinical trials targeting IL-17.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Akeab, Imad, 1975-
(författare)
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Accurate techniques for 2D electromagnetic scattering
- 2014
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis consists of three parts. The first part is an introduction and referencessome recent work on 2D electromagnetic scattering problems at high frequencies. It alsopresents the basic integral equation types for impenetrable objects. A brief discussionof the standard elements of the method of moments is followed by summaries of thepapers.Paper I presents an accurate implementation of the method of moments for a perfectlyconducting cylinder. A scaling for the rapid variation of the solution improves accuracy.At high frequencies, the method of moments leads to a large dense system of equations.Sparsity in this system is obtained by modifying the integration path in the integralequation. The modified path reduces the accuracy in the deep shadow.In paper II, a hybrid method is used to handle the standing waves that are prominentin the shadow for the TE case. The shadow region is treated separately, in a hybridscheme based on a priori knowledge about the solution. An accurate method to combinesolutions in this hybrid scheme is presented.
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| 9. |
- Akeab, Imad, 1975-
(författare)
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High frequency scattering and spectral methods
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis consists of five parts. The first part is an introduction with references to some recent work on 2D electromagnetic scattering problems at high frequencies. It also presents the basic integral equation types for impenetrable objects and the standard elements of the method of moments. An overview of frequency modulated radar at low frequencies is followed by summaries of the papers.Paper I presents an accurate implementation of the method of moments for a perfectly conducting cylinder. A scaling for the rapid variation of the solution improves accuracy. At high frequencies, the method of moments leads to a large dense system of equations. Sparsity in this system is obtained by the modification of the path in the integral equation. The modified path reduces the accuracy in the deep shadow.In paper II, a hybrid method is used to handle the standing waves that are prominent in the shadow for the cylindrical TE case. The shadow region is treated separately, in a hybrid scheme based on a priori knowledge about the solution. An accurate method to combine solutions in this hybrid scheme is presented.In paper III, the surface current in the shadow zone of a convex or a concave scatterer is approximated by extracting the dominant waves. An accurate technique based on the symmetric discrete Fourier transform is used to extract the complex wavenumbers and amplitudes for those waves. The dominant waves constitute a concise form of scaling that is used to improve the performance of the method of moments. The effect of surface curvature on the dominant waves has been investigated in this work.In paper IV, frequency modulated continuous wave radar (FMCW) at low frequency is studied as a way to locate targets that are normally not detected by conventional radar. Three separate platforms with isotropic antennas are used for this purpose. The trilateration method is a way to locate the targets accurately by means of spectral techniques.The problem of ghost targets has been studied for monostatic and multistatic radar. In the case of confluent echoes in the spectra, potentially missing echoes are reinserted in order to locate all targets. The Capon method is used to obtain high resolution spectra and thus reduce the confluence problem. The need for bandwidth is also reduced.
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| 10. |
- Alahmadi, Fahad, et al.
(författare)
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Measures of adherence in patients with severe asthma prescribed systemic steroids in the U-BIOPRED cohort
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society. - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 52
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: Rates of sub-optimal adherence to medications in asthma range up to 70%; the impact in severe asthma is likely to be particularly high. We measured self-reported adherence in participants in the U-BIOPRED cohort prescribed daily prednisolone using the Medication Adherence Response Scale (MARS), and compared to measured urinary prednisolone and metabolites in order to determine: 1. the prevalence of suboptimal adherence by each method; 2. the ability of MARS to predict urinary steroid detection.Methods: Participants completed the MARS, and/or provided urine samples (analysed for prednisolone and metabolites by LCMS). The performance characteristics of the MARS predicting undetected urinary steroid were calculated in the subgroup having both tests.Results: 181 participants currently taking regular oral corticosteroids were included, 59% female, mean (SD) age 54(12)yrs, FEV1 64.7(20.4)% predicted. Sub-optimal adherence (MARS score < 4.5) was reported in 62 participants, and 76 did not have detectable urinary prednisolone or metabolites. Good adherence by both methods was detected in only 52 participants (34%, see table). There was no difference in daily prednisolone dose between detectable and undetectable metabolites groups (p=0.848).Conclusion: Low levels of adherence to treatment in severe asthma is a common problem, when measured either directly or self-reported. There was very poor agreement (48% concordance) between these two methods, and we suggest that, for now both approaches should be used.
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