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- Kang, Evan S. H., et al.
(författare)
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Strong Plasmon-Exciton Coupling with Directional Absorption Features in Optically Thin Hybrid Nanohole Metasurfaces
- 2018
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Ingår i: ACS Photonics. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2330-4022. ; 5:10, s. 4046-4064
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plasmons and excitons can interact to form new hybridized light-matter states, with a multitude of potential applications including optical logic circuits and single-photon switches. Here, we report the first observation of strong coupling based on optically thin plasmonic nanohole films. The absorptive plasmon resonances of these nanohole films lead to suppressed transmission and Fano-shaped extinction peaks. We prepared silver nanohole films by colloidal lithography, which enables large-scale fabrication of nanoholes distributed in a short-range order. When coated with J-aggregate molecules, both extinction and absorption spectra show clear formation of two separated polariton resonances, with vacuum Rabi splitting on the order of 300 meV determined from anticrossing experiments. In accordance with strong coupling theory, the splitting magnitude increases linearly with the square root of molecular concentration. The extinction peak positions are blue-shifted from the absorption polariton positions, as explained by additional Fano interference between the hybridized states and the metal film. This highlights that absorption measurements are important not only to prove strong coupling but also to correctly determine hybridized polariton positions and splitting magnitudes in hybrid plasmonic nanohole systems. The polariton absorption peaks also show strong dependence on illumination direction, as found related to inherent directionality of the plasmonic nanohole metasurface and differences in light interaction with nonhybridized molecules. Importantly, optical simulations could successfully reproduce the experimental results and all coupling features. Furthermore, simulated spatial distribution of the absorption provides additional evidence of strong coupling in the hybrid nanohole system. The work paves the way toward strong coupling applications based on optically thin nanohole systems, as further promoted by the scalable fabrication.
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- Kolte, Dhaval, et al.
(författare)
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Culprit Vessel-Only Versus Multivessel Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock Complicating ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction : A Collaborative Meta-Analysis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Circulation. Cardiovascular Interventions. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 1941-7640 .- 1941-7632. ; 10:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The optimal revascularization strategy in patients with multivessel disease presenting with cardiogenic shock complicating ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction remains unknown. Methods and Results Databases were searched from 1999 to October 2016. Studies comparing immediate/single-stage multivessel percutaneous coronary intervention (MV-PCI) versus culprit vessel-only PCI (CO-PCI) in patients with multivessel disease, ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, and cardiogenic shock were included. Primary end point was short-term (in-hospital or 30 days) mortality. Secondary end points included long-term mortality, cardiovascular death, reinfarction, and repeat revascularization. Safety end points were in-hospital stroke, renal failure, and major bleeding. The meta-analysis included 11 nonrandomized studies and 5850 patients (1157 MV-PCI and 4693 CO-PCI). There was no significant difference in short-term mortality with MV-PCI versus CO-PCI (odds ratio [OR], 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81-1.43; P=0.61). Similarly, there were no significant differences in long-term mortality (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.54-1.30; P=0.43), cardiovascular death (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.42-1.23; P=0.23), reinfarction (OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 0.84-3.26; P=0.15), or repeat revascularization (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.76-1.69; P=0.54) between the 2 groups. There was a nonsignificant trend toward higher in-hospital stroke (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 0.98-2.72; P=0.06) and renal failure (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.98-1.72; P=0.06), with no difference in major bleeding (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 0.39-5.63; P=0.57) with MV-PCI when compared with CO-PCI. Conclusions This meta-analysis of nonrandomized studies suggests that in patients with cardiogenic shock complicating ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, there may be no significant benefit with single-stage MV-PCI compared with CO-PCI. Given the limitations of observational data, randomized trials are needed to determine the role of MV-PCI in this setting.
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- Sardar, Alamgir, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced biometric template protection schemes for securing face recognition in IoT environment
- 2024
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Ingår i: IEEE Internet of Things Journal. - : IEEE. - 2327-4662.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the increasing use of biometrics in Internet of Things (IoT) based applications, it is essential to ensure that biometric-based authentication systems are secure. Biometric characteristics can be accessed by anyone, which poses a risk of unauthorized access to the system through spoofed biometric traits. Therefore, it is important to implement secure and efficient security schemes suitable for real-life applications, less computationally intensive, and invulnerable. This work presents a hybrid template protection scheme for secure face recognition in IoT-based environments, which integrates Cancelable Biometrics and Bio-Cryptography. Mainly, the proposed system involves two steps: face recognition and face biometric template protection. The face recognition includes face image preprocessing by the Tree Structure Part Model (TSPM), feature extraction by Ensemble Patch Statistics (EPS) technique, and user classification by multi-class linear support vector machine (SVM). The template protection scheme includes cancelable biometric generation by modified FaceHashing and a Sliding-XOR (called S-XOR) based novel Bio-Cryptographic technique. A user biometric-based key generation technique has been introduced for the employed Bio-Cryptography. Three benchmark facial databases, CVL, FEI, and FERET, have been used for the performance evaluation and security analysis. The proposed system achieves better accuracy for all the databases of 200-dimensional cancelable feature vectors computed from the 500-dimensional original feature vector. The modified FaceHashing and S-XOR method shows superiority over existing face recognition systems and template protection.
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- Visser, Gerard H A, et al.
(författare)
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FIGO opinion paper: Drivers and solutions to the cesarean delivery epidemic with emphasis on the increasing rates in Africa and Southeastern Europe.
- 2023
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Ingår i: International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. - 1879-3479. ; 163:Suppl 2, s. 5-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cesarean delivery rates are rapidly increasing in Southeastern Europe (to more than 60%), North Africa (with a rate as high as 72% in Egypt), and in urban areas in Southern Africa (a rate of over 50% in Lagos, Nigeria). Data on the background to these increases are scarce, but likely to include poor birthing facilities in general hospitals, convenience for the doctor, private medicine, fear of litigation, socioeconomic status, shortage of midwives and nurses, and disappearance of vaginal instrumental deliveries. Options to reverse cesarean delivery trends are discussed. In this context there is a need to be better informed about how women are being counseled regarding vaginal or cesarean delivery. The long-term consequences in subsequent pregnancies for mothers and children may well be largely ignored, while these risks are highest in LMICs where higher birth numbers are desired. FIGO has begun discussions with obstetric and gynecologic societies, healthcare bodies, and governments in several countries discussed in this article, to find ways to lower the cesarean delivery rate. The requests came from the countries themselves, which may prove beneficial in helping advance progress.
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