| 1. |
- Fonseca Quintana, Magilé C., et al.
(författare)
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Caracterización molecular del CVA24v aislado en Cuba duran-te 23 años, 1986-2003, revela hallazgos en la epidemiología y patogenia del virus
- 2023
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Ingår i: Anales de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba. - 2304-0106. ; 13:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The CVA24 antigenic variant is the causal agent of epidemics of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis that has prevailed to date. To study the transmission dynamics and evolution of this variant, we molecularly characterized Cuban isolates obtained in 5 epidemic periods between 1986 and 2009. Methods: Using the BEAST v1.8.4 program, it was performed the phylogenetic and phylodynamic analysis of the partial genomic regions of 54 Cuban sequences and 83 sequences from 17 countries for the 3C genomic region and 35 Cuban sequences with 95 sequences from 18 countries for the VP1 region. They were analyzed the amino acid changes of the Cuban sequences and they were compared the sequences obtained from conjunctival exudates and feces. Results: It was identified that each epidemic period was caused by different genetic variants, and homologous to variants that circulated in the Americas, Africa, and Asia, and that could circulate up to 2 years prior to the epidemic peaks. The virus showed a stable effective population over time, increasing in pandemic periods, with a nucleotide substitution rate (substitutions/site/year) of 4.39 × 10-3 for the 3C region and 5.80 × 10-3 for VP1. They were obtained 19 viral transmission routes for the 3C genomic region and 25 routes for VP1. They were inferred the routes of introduction of the virus to Cuba in the epidemic periods of the years 1986, 1997, 2003 and 2008-2009 by the ancestral relationships of the Cuban sequences with sequences of destination countries of some routes, endorsed by viral transmission networks. Amino acid changes in both genomic regions could be involved in the evolution of CVA24v and it was obtained evidence that supports the use of feces to identify this viral variant. The conclusions were new knowledge in the molecular epidemiology of CVA24v that circulated in Cuba and the world for 23 years after its global emergence.
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| 2. |
- González-De Schroeder, María Mercedes, et al.
(författare)
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Vigilancia ambiental de la circulación de poliovirus en tres municipios considerados como punto transitorio de migrantes en Colombia 2017-2019
- 2022
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Ingår i: Infectio. - : Asociacion Colombiana de Infectologia - ACIN. - 0123-9392 .- 2422-3794. ; 26:2, s. 107-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To determine the circulation of poliovirus in three municipalities considered as transitory points for migrants in Colombia. Material and Method: Wastewater samples (n = 36) were collected from border municipalities, selected for greater transit of regular and irregular migrants, in the period between 2017-2019. The samples were concentrated and cultured following the World Health Organization (WHO) environmental surveillance algorithm for poliovirus circulation. Molecular identification was performed by polymerase chain reaction using group-specific, serotype and sabin vaccine strain primers. Results: The presence of non-polio Enterovirus (NPV) was detected in the environmental samples obtained and no circulation of poliovirus derived from the vaccine or wild poliovirus was found in the three evaluated municipalities; However, in two previous studies published by Gonzales et al with a similar methodology in 2005 and 2015 evaluating the wastewater of the city of Armenia-Quindío; It was possible to identify the presence of virus derived from vaccine, with negative results for the identification of wild poliovirus. Conclusions: The findings indicate that the wastewater monitoring system in order to determine the presence of viruses is a useful tool to carry out environmental surveillance.
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| 3. |
- González, María M., et al.
(författare)
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Seroprevalencia de anticuerpos a virus del sarampión, rubeola, parotiditis, hepatitis B y los tres serotipos de poliovirus, en niños de Quindío, Colombia
- 2016
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Ingår i: Revista de Salud Publica. - : Universidad Nacional de Colombia. - 0124-0064. ; 18:1, s. 95-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The main goal of this research was to assess the seroprevalence of antibodies against measles, rubella, mumps, hepatitis B and all three poliovirus serotypes among children in the Quindio Department, Colombia. Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 170 healthy children aged 5-9 years from nine municipalities in Quindio. The presence of serum IgG antibodies against measles, rubella, mumps and Hepatitis B were determined using commercial indirect ELISA kits. Immunity to poliomyelitis was assessed through the presence of neutralizing antibodies following the method recommended by the World Health Organization. Results: Among the 170 children enrolled, 169 (99.41%), 170(100 %), and 167 (98.2 %) were seropositive to poliovirus 1, poliovirus 2, and poliovirus 3, respectively. The average reciprocal antibody titers were 178 for poliovirus type 1, 120 for type 2 and 56 for type 3. Of the 170 children, 96.47 % were protected against mumps and rubella, and 86.47 % against measles. Only 106 (62.35 %) of the studied subjects were proved to be seropositive to hepatitis B. Conclusion: The immunization program in Quindio has provided seroprotection against all three poliomyelitis serotypes, rubella and mumps. However, the child population is not fully protected against measles and hepatitis B virus infections.
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| 4. |
- Radenkovic, M., et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of resident lymphocytes in human pancreatic islets
- 2017
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Immunology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0009-9104 .- 1365-2249. ; 187:3, s. 418-427
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current view of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is that it is an immune-mediated disease where lymphocytes infiltrate the pancreatic islets, promote killing of beta cells and cause overt diabetes. Although tissue resident immune cells have been demonstrated in several organs, the composition of lymphocytes in human healthy pancreatic islets have been scarcely studied. Here we aimed to investigate the phenotype of immune cells associated with human islets of non-diabetic organ donors. A flow cytometry analysis of isolated islets from perfused pancreases (n = 38) was employed to identify alpha, beta, T, natural killer (NK) and B cells. Moreover, the expression of insulin and glucagon transcripts was evaluated by RNA sequencing. Up to 80% of the lymphocytes were CD3(+) T cells with a remarkable bias towards CD8(+) cells. Central memory and effector memory phenotypes dominated within the CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells and most CD8(+) T cells were positive for CD69 and up to 50-70% for CD103, both markers of resident memory cells. The frequency of B and NK cells was low in most islet preparations (12 and 3% of CD45(+) cells, respectively), and the frequency of alpha and beta cells varied between donors and correlated clearly with insulin and glucagon mRNA expression. In conclusion, we demonstrated the predominance of canonical tissue resident memory CD8(+) T cells associated with human islets. We believe that these results are important to understand more clearly the immunobiology of human islets and the disease-related phenotypes observed in diabetes.
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| 5. |
- Sarmiento-Pérez, Luis, et al.
(författare)
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Differential effects of three echovirus strains on cell lysis and insulin secretion in beta cell derived lines
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Virology. - : Wiley. - 0146-6615 .- 1096-9071. ; 88:6, s. 971-978
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an earlier study, infection of human pancreatic islets with epidemic strains of echovirus (E4, E16, E30), with proven but differently ability to induce islet autoimmunity, resulted either in a severe damage (i.e., E16 and E30) or proceeded without visible changes in infected islets (i.e., E4). In this study, the ability of these strains to replicate in beta cells and the consequence of such an infection for beta cell lysis and beta cell function was studied in the pancreatic beta cell lines INS-1, MIN6, and NIT-1. The strains of E16 and E30 did replicate in INS1, MIN6, and NIT1 cells and resulted in a pronounced cytopathic effect within 3 days following infection. By contrast, E4 replicated in all examined insulinoma cells with no apparent cell destruction. The insulin release in response to high glucose stimulation was hampered in all infected cells (P<0.05) when no evidence of cytolysis was present; however, the adverse effect of E16 and E30 on insulin secretion appeared to be higher than that of the E4 strain. The differential effects of echovirus infection on cell lysis, and beta cell function in the rodent insulinoma INS1, MIN6, and NIT 1 cells reflect those previously obtained in primary human islets and support the notion that the insulinproducing beta cells can harbor a non-cytopathic viral infection.
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| 6. |
- Sarmiento-Pérez, Luis, et al.
(författare)
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Echovirus 6 infects human exocrine and endocrine pancreatic cells and induces pro-inflammatory innate immune response
- 2017
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Ingår i: Viruses. - : MDPI AG. - 1999-4915. ; 9:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human enteroviruses (HEV), especially coxsackievirus serotype B (CVB) and echovirus (E), have been associated with diseases of both the exocrine and endocrine pancreas, but so far evidence on HEV infection in human pancreas has been reported only in islets and ductal cells. This study aimed to investigate the capability of echovirus strains to infect human exocrine and endocrine pancreatic cells. Infection of explanted human islets and exocrine cells with seven field strains of E6 caused cytopathic effect, virus titer increase and production of HEV protein VP1 in both cell types. Virus particles were found in islets and acinar cells infected with E6. No cytopathic effect or infectious progeny production was observed in exocrine cells exposed to the beta cell-tropic strains of E16 and E30. Endocrine cells responded to E6, E16 and E30 by upregulating the transcription of interferon-induced with helicase C domain 1 (IF1H1), 2ʹ-5ʹ-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1), interferon-β (IFN-β), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5). Echovirus 6, but not E16 or E30, led to increased transcription of these genes in exocrine cells. These data demonstrate for the first time that human exocrine cells represent a target for E6 infection and suggest that certain HEV serotypes can replicate in human pancreatic exocrine cells, while the pancreatic endocrine cells are permissive to a wider range of HEV.
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| 7. |
- Sarmiento-Pérez, Luis, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of Innate Immunity Genes and Damage of Primary Human Pancreatic Islets by Epidemic Strains of Echovirus : Implication for Post-Virus Islet Autoimmunity
- 2013
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:11, s. e77850-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three large-scale Echovirus (E) epidemics (E4, E16, E30), each differently associated to the acute development of diabetes related autoantibodies, have been documented in Cuba. The prevalence of islet cell autoantibodies was moderate during the E4 epidemic but high in the E16 and E30 epidemic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of epidemic strains of echovirus on beta-cell lysis, beta-cell function and innate immunity gene expression in primary human pancreatic islets. Human islets from non-diabetic donors (n = 7) were infected with the virus strains E4, E16 and E30, all isolated from patients with aseptic meningitis who seroconverted to islet cell antibody positivity. Viral replication, degree of cytolysis, insulin release in response to high glucose as well as mRNA expression of innate immunity genes (IFN-b, RANTES, RIG-I, MDA5, TLR3 and OAS) were measured. The strains of E16 and E30 did replicate well in all islets examined, resulting in marked cytotoxic effects. E4 did not cause any effects on cell lysis, however it was able to replicate in 2 out of 7 islet donors. Beta-cell function was hampered in all infected islets (P<0.05); however the effect of E16 and E30 on insulin secretion appeared to be higher than the strain of E4. TLR3 and IFN-beta mRNA expression increased significantly following infection with E16 and E30 (P<0.033 and P<0.039 respectively). In contrast, the expression of none of the innate immunity genes studied was altered in E4-infected islets. These findings suggest that the extent of the epidemic-associated islet autoimmunity may depend on the ability of the viral strains to damage islet cells and induce pro-inflammatory innate immune responses within the infected islets.
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| 8. |
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The Seventeenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys : Complete Release of MaNGA, MaStar, and APOGEE-2 Data
- 2022
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 0067-0049 .- 1538-4365. ; 259:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper documents the seventeenth data release (DR17) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys; the fifth and final release from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). DR17 contains the complete release of the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey, which reached its goal of surveying over 10,000 nearby galaxies. The complete release of the MaNGA Stellar Library accompanies this data, providing observations of almost 30,000 stars through the MaNGA instrument during bright time. DR17 also contains the complete release of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 survey that publicly releases infrared spectra of over 650,000 stars. The main sample from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), as well as the subsurvey Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey data were fully released in DR16. New single-fiber optical spectroscopy released in DR17 is from the SPectroscipic IDentification of ERosita Survey subsurvey and the eBOSS-RM program. Along with the primary data sets, DR17 includes 25 new or updated value-added catalogs. This paper concludes the release of SDSS-IV survey data. SDSS continues into its fifth phase with observations already underway for the Milky Way Mapper, Local Volume Mapper, and Black Hole Mapper surveys.
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