| 1. |
- Andersson, Lina, 1981-
(författare)
-
Mått på brott : Självdeklaration som metod att mäta brottslighet
- 2011
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Measuring crime is one of criminology’s most central tasks. Self-report studies constitute one means of doing so. By asking people, primarily youths, about their experience of involvement in criminal acts, self-report studies are intended to provide knowledge on the extent and structure of crime and on crime trends over time, while also providing opportunities to study the causes of crime. The dissertation’s objective is to examine the use of self-reported crime as a research method. It problematises the use of self-report studies as an instrument for measuring both the extent and structure of youth crime, and also trends in youth crime over time. Problematising the method in this way both illustrates the significance of methodology and measurement instruments for the production/construction of criminological data and makes possible a more nuanced and aware approach to the use of such data. The dissertation comprises a discussion of the basic assumptions of the self-report method viewed from the perspective of theory of science, a review of Swedish self-report studies and a detailed study of the Swedish School Survey on Crime, Sweden’s nationally representative self-report study of youth in year nine (aged 15). The dissertation’s most important conclusions are that researchers, when designing a self-report study, should consider both how crime is viewed and what the study is intended to examine. It is also important, when using self-report data, to consider what the data represent. This is of significance in relation to both how questions might best be formulated and to what extent the mechanisms that affect the results will involve problems for the quality of the measures obtained.
|
|
| 2. |
- Beckley, Amber, 1981-
(författare)
-
Foreign background and criminal offending among young males in Stockholm
- 2015
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This doctoral thesis considers how factors from the home country, the family, and the individual impact the risk for criminal offending among young males from a foreign background residing in Stockholm. I use Swedish register data to examine the risk for police registered suspicion of criminal offending. The introductory chapter presents an historical overview of immigration in Sweden, theories of criminal offending, and details about analysis of register data. It is followed by three empirical studies that consider unique risk factors for crime among children of immigrants while controlling for factors encountered within Sweden. The first study shows that young male children of immigrants do not seem to be inherently violent as a result of coming from a war-torn country. The second study indicates that it is not the age at immigration, but the family situation that seems to dictate criminal propensity. The final study suggests that threats of deportation and stricter immigration policies do not seem to deter criminality. The most interesting result was probably that high home country human development was a protective factor against crime. This is the first known work to uncover such a result. Future theoretical development may be best aimed at unpacking and empirically evaluating the human development index as a risk factor. Together, these three studies suggest that some previously unconsidered uniquely immigrant factors are related to risk for criminality.
|
|
| 3. |
- Beckley, Amber, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Immigration and crime in Sweden
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Routledge handbook on crime and international migration. - : Routledge. - 9780415823944 - 9780203385562 ; , s. 41-54
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter discusses immigration and criminality in Sweden. It presents a broad overview of immigration, immigrants and crime in Europe in general, which serves as an important point of departure for comparing and contrasting the Swedish context. The chapter covers the history of immigration to Sweden along with Sweden’s development of immigration and integration policy, and discusses Sweden’s immigration and integration policy. It provides context on studies of immigrant crime in Sweden. The section that follows provides an overview on immigrant criminality in Sweden based on research that has been done since the 1970s. Finally, the chapter summarizes and offer conclusions on the outlook of immigrant criminality in Sweden. Overall, the research indicates that over-representation in recorded crime has remained stable over time, even if immigration to Sweden has changed in character. The immigrant criminality in Sweden appears to depend mostly on Sweden’s reaction to and reception of immigrants.
|
|
| 4. |
- Beckley, Amber L., et al.
(författare)
-
Immigration and crime in Sweden
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Routledge handbook on crime and international migration. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 9780415823944 - 9780203385562 ; , s. 41-54
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 5. |
- Beckley, Amber L., 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
The Stockholm life-course project : investigating offending and non-lethal severe violent victimization
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Criminology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2578-983X .- 2578-9821 .- 1404-3858 .- 1651-2340. ; 23:1, s. 61-82
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Much is known about the patterning of offending throughout life, but less about the patterning of victimization. In this study, we used data from the Stockholm Life-Course Project (SLCP), a longitudinal study that includes measures of childhood problem behaviour. We analysed offending (criminal conviction and police suspicion), inpatient hospitalization and outpatient care for violent victimization. We replicated the well-established age-crime curve amongst SLCP study members. We found that hospitalization for severe violent victimization was most likely to occur between 20 and 40 years of age. We additionally considered how childhood problem behaviour impacted overall risk and life-course patterning of offending and victimization. Childhood problem behaviour was associated with a greater risk of criminal conviction. But childhood problem behaviour showed inconsistent associations with risk for police suspicion. Childhood problem behaviour was generally associated with greater involvement in crime up to middle adulthood. Childhood problem behaviour was generally associated with a greater risk of victimization. However, we were limited in our ability to estimate the effect of childhood problem behaviour on life-course patterning of victimization due to the rarity of victimization. These results imply a need for larger studies on violent victimization and greater nuance in our understanding of childhood risks and their life-long outcomes.
|
|
| 6. |
- Besemer, Sytske, et al.
(författare)
-
Intergenerational Transmission of Trajectories of Offending over Three Generations
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of Developmental and Life-Course Criminology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2199-4641 .- 2199-465X. ; 2:4, s. 417-441
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeCrime runs in families: a convicted parent is a risk factor for children’s criminality. What is the extent of intergenerational transmission in Sweden? Is transmission similar for men and women and/or do we see gender-specific transmission? To what extent do children follow similar offending trajectories as their parents?MethodsWe used group-based trajectory modelling to study intergenerational transmission in the Stockholm Life Course Project. By merging the samples when running the trajectory models, we get a more robust model than if we had run the samples separately.ResultsChildren of convicted parents are about 2–2.6 times more likely to have a conviction compared with children of non-convicted parents. We did not find strong support that intergenerational transmission is stronger for same-gender relationships. Transmission seems slightly stronger to daughters and from mothers, but few of these patterns are significant. Although father and offspring trajectories look similar, the significant relationship can be explained by the observation that non-offending fathers are more likely to have non-offending sons. Fathers with more chronic offending trajectories do not necessarily predict sons with similar more chronic offending trajectories.ConclusionsWe find strong intergenerational transmission of criminal behaviour, but offspring convictions are related to the fact that fathers have a conviction rather than to what their conviction trajectory looks like.
|
|
| 7. |
- Carlsson, Christoffer, et al.
(författare)
-
A Life-Course Analysis of Engagement in Violent Extremist Groups
- 2020
-
Ingår i: British Journal of Criminology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-0955 .- 1464-3529. ; 60:1, s. 74-92
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this exploratory study, individuals’ processes of engagement in violent extremist groups are analysed by drawing from criminological life-course theory and narrative-based understandings of crime. Based on interviews with individuals who have participated in violent extremism, it is suggested that the process of engagement consists of three steps: (1) a weakening of informal social controls, followed by (2) an interaction with individuals in proximity to the group and (3) a stage of meaning-making in relation to the group and one’s identity, resulting in an individual’s willingness and capacity to engaging in the group’s activities, including violence. In future theorizing about processes of engagement in violent extremism, the meanings of age, and the life-course stages of late adolescence and emerging adulthood in particular, should be given analytic attention.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Carlsson, Christoffer, 1986-
(författare)
-
Continuities and Changes in Criminal Careers
- 2014
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The best predictor of future criminal behavior is past criminal behavior. At the same time, the vast majority of people who engage in crime are teenagers and stop offending with age. Explaining these empirical findings has been the main task of life-course criminology, and contributing to an understanding of how and why offenders continue their criminal careers once they have started, and how and why they stop, is also the purpose of this dissertation.To do this, the dissertation studies a number of facets of the criminal career: the importance of childhood risk factors (Paper I), the notions of turning points (Paper II) and intermittency (Paper III), and the connection between masculinities and criminal careers (Paper IV). In contrast to much life-course criminological research, the dissertation mainly relies on qualitative life history interviews, collected as part of The Stockholm Life Course Project.The findings suggest a need for increased sensitivity to offenders’ lives, and their complexity. Whereas continuity and change can be understood within a frame of age-graded social control, this perspective needs to be extended and developed further, in mainly three ways. First, the concept and phenomenon of human agency needs closer study. Second, lived experiences of various forms of social stratification (e.g. gender, ethnicity, and so on) must be integrated into understandings of continuity and change in crime, seeing as phenomena such as social control may be contingent on these in important ways. Third, this dissertation highlights the need to go beyond the transition to adulthood and explore the later stages of criminal careers.In closing, the dissertation suggests that we move toward a focus on the contingencies of criminal careers and the factors, events, and processes that help shape them. If we understand those contingencies in more detail, possible implications for policy and practice also emerge.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
