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- Chirapatpimol, K, et al.
(författare)
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Precision Measurement of the p(e,e′p)π0 Reaction at Threshold
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 114:19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New results are reported from a measurement of π^{0} electroproduction near threshold using the p(e,e^{'}p)π^{0} reaction. The experiment was designed to determine precisely the energy dependence of s- and p-wave electromagnetic multipoles as a stringent test of the predictions of chiral perturbation theory (ChPT). The data were taken with an electron beam energy of 1192 MeV using a two-spectrometer setup in Hall A at Jefferson Lab. For the first time, complete coverage of the ϕ_{π}^{*} and θ_{π}^{*} angles in the pπ^{0} center of mass was obtained for invariant energies above threshold from 0.5 up to 15 MeV. The 4-momentum transfer Q^{2} coverage ranges from 0.05 to 0.155 (GeV/c)^{2} in fine steps. A simple phenomenological analysis of our data shows strong disagreement with p-wave predictions from ChPT for Q^{2}>0.07 (GeV/c)^{2}, while the s-wave predictions are in reasonable agreement.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- M. A. Hossain, B. Bohnenbuck, Y. D. Chuang, M. W. Haverkort, I. S. Elfimov, A.Tanaka, A. G. Cruz Gonzalez, Z. Hu, H.-J. Lin, C. T. Chen, R. Mathieu, Y. Tokura, Y. Yoshida, L. H. Tjeng, Z. Hussain, B. Keimer, G. A. Sawatzky and A. Damascelli
(författare)
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Mott versus Slater-type metal-insulator transition in Mn-substituted Sr3Ru2O7
- 2012
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Ingår i: Physical Review B Condensed Matter. - 0163-1829 .- 1095-3795. ; 86, s. 041102(R)-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Sajobi, T. T., et al.
(författare)
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Quality of Life in Epilepsy: Same questions, but different meaning to different people
- 2021
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Ingår i: Epilepsia. - : Wiley. - 0013-9580 .- 1528-1167. ; 62:9, s. 2094-2102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are used widely to elicit patient's self-appraisal of their health status and quality of life. One fundamental assumption when measuring PROMs is that all individuals interpret questions about their health status in a consistent manner. However, subgroups of patients with a similar health condition may respond differently to PROM questions (ie, differential item functioning [DIF]), leading to biased estimates of group differences on PROM scores. Understanding these differences can help inform the clinical interpretation of PROMs. This study examined whether DIF affects 10-item Quality of Life in Epilepsy (QOLIE10) scores reported by patients with epilepsy in outpatient clinics. Methods Data were from the Calgary Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, a prospective registry of patients with epilepsy in Calgary, Alberta. Latent variable mixture models (LVMMs) based on standard two-parameter graded response models with increasing numbers of latent classes were applied to QOLIE10 item data. Model fit was assessed using the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) and latent class model entropy. Ordinal logistic regression was used to identify QOLIE10 items that exhibited DIF. Results In this cohort of 1143 patients, 567 (49.6%) were female and the median age was 37.0 (interquartile range [IQR] 27.0) years. A two-class LVMM, which provided the best fit to the data, identified two subgroups of patients with different response patterns to QOLIE10 items, with class proportions of 0.62 and 0.38. The two subgroups differed with respect to antiseizure polytherapy, reported medication side effects, frequency of seizures, and psychiatric comorbidities. QOLIE10 items on the physical and psychological side effects of medication exhibited large DIF effects. Significance Our study revealed two different response patterns to quality-of-life instruments, suggesting heterogeneity in how patients interpret some of the questions. Researchers and users of PROMs in epilepsy need to consider the differential interpretation of items for various instruments to ensure valid understanding and comparisons of PROM scores.
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| 6. |
- Mizokawa, T., et al.
(författare)
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Spin-orbit coupling in the Mott insulator Ca2RuO4
- 2001
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 8707:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- O 1s x-ray absorption study of the Mott insulator Ca2RuO4 shows that the orbital population of the 4d t(2g) band dramatically changes with temperature. In addition, spin-resolved circularly polarized photoemission study of Ca2RuO4 shows that a substantial orbital angular momentum is induced in the Ru 4d t(2g) band. Based on the experimental results and model Hartree-Fock calculations, we argue that the cooperation between the strong spin-orbit coupling in the Ru 4d t(2g) band and the small distortion of the RuO6 octahedra causes the interesting changeover of the spin and orbital anisotropy as a function of temperature.
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| 7. |
- Rusydi, A., et al.
(författare)
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Metal-insulator transition in manganites: Changes in optical conductivity up to 22 eV
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 78:12, s. 125110 (art. no.)-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electronic response of doped manganites at the transition from the paramagnetic insulating to the ferromagnetic metallic state in La(1-x)Ca(x)MnO(3) for x=0.3 and 0.2 was investigated by dc conductivity, ellipsometry, and vacuum ultraviolet reflectance for energies between 0 and 22 eV. A stabilized Kramers-Kronig transformation yields the optical conductivity and reveals changes in the optical spectral weight up to 22 eV at the metal-to-insulator transition. In the observed energy range, the spectral weight is conserved within 0.3%. The redistribution of spectral weight in this surprisingly broad energy range has important ramifications for the effective low-energy physics. We discuss the importance of the charge-transfer, Coulomb on-site, Jahn-Teller, and long-range Coulomb screening effects to the electronic structure.
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| 8. |
- Sawatzky, Richard, et al.
(författare)
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Implications of response shift for micro-, meso-, and macro-level healthcare decision-making using results of patient-reported outcome measures
- 2021
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Ingår i: Quality of Life Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0962-9343 .- 1573-2649. ; 30:12, s. 3343-3357
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Results of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are increasingly used to inform healthcare decision-making. Research has shown that response shift can impact PROM results. As part of an international collaboration, our goal is to provide a framework regarding the implications of response shift at the level of patient care (micro), healthcare institute (meso), and healthcare policy (macro). Methods Empirical evidence of response shift that can influence patients' self-reported health and preferences provided the foundation for development of the framework. Measurement validity theory, hermeneutic philosophy, and micro-, meso-, and macro-level healthcare decision-making informed our theoretical analysis. Results At the micro-level, patients' self-reported health needs to be interpreted via dialogue with the clinician to avoid misinterpretation of PROM data due to response shift. It is also important to consider the potential impact of response shift on study results, when these are used to support decisions. At the meso-level, individual-level data should be examined for response shift before aggregating PROM data for decision-making related to quality improvement, performance monitoring, and accreditation. At the macro-level, critical reflection on the conceptualization of health is required to know whether response shift needs to be controlled for when PROM data are used to inform healthcare coverage. Conclusion Given empirical evidence of response shift, there is a critical need for guidelines and knowledge translation to avoid potential misinterpretations of PROM results and consequential biases in decision-making. Our framework with guiding questions provides a structure for developing strategies to address potential impacts of response shift at micro-, meso-, and macro-levels.
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| 9. |
- Schick-Makaroff, K., et al.
(författare)
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Electronic patient-reported outcomes in clinical kidney practice (ePRO Kidney): a process evaluation of educational support for clinicians
- 2023
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Ingår i: Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease. - 2040-6223. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are increasingly mandated in kidney care to incorporate patients' perspectives.Objectives: We assessed whether educational support for clinicians using electronic (e)PROs could enhance person-centered care. Design: A process evaluation, using a mixed methods longitudinal comparative concurrent design was undertaken of educational support to clinicians on routine use of ePROs. In two urban home dialysis clinics in Alberta, Canada, patients completed ePROs. At the implementation site, clinicians were provided with ePROs and clinician-oriented education via voluntary workshops. At the non-implementation site, neither were provided. Person-centered care was measured using the Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care-20 (PACIC-20).Methods: Longitudinal structural equation models (SEMs) compared change in overall PACIC scores. The interpretive description approach, using thematic analysis of qualitative data, further evaluated processes of implementation.Results: Data were collected from questionnaires completed by 543 patients, 4 workshops, 15 focus groups, and 37 interviews. There was no overall difference in person-centered care throughout the study, including after delivery of workshops. The longitudinal SEMs revealed substantial individual-level variability in overall PACIC trajectories. However, there was no improvement at the implementation site and no difference between the sites during both the pre-and post-workshop periods. Similar results were obtained for each PACIC domain. Qualitative analysis provided insights into why there was no substantial difference between sites: (1) clinicians wanted to see kidney symptoms, not quality of life, (2) workshops were tailored to clinicians' educational needs, not patients' needs, and (3) variable use of ePRO data by clinicians.Conclusion: Training clinicians on use of ePROs is complex and likely only part of what is required to enhance person-centered care.
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| 10. |
- Steeneken, P. G., et al.
(författare)
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Crossing the gap from p- to n-type doping : Nature of the states near the chemical potential in La2-xSrxCuO4 and Nd2-xCexCuO4-delta
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 90:24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on an x-ray absorption and resonant photoemission study on single crystals of the high-T-c cuprates La2-xSrxCuO4 and Nd2-xCexCuO4-delta. Using an intrinsic energy reference, we find that the chemical potential of La2-xSrxCuO4 lies near the top of the La2CuO4 valence band whereas in Nd2-xCexCuO4-delta it is situated near the bottom of the Nd2CuO4 conduction band. The data clearly establish that the introduction of Ce in Nd2CuO4 results in electrons being doped into the CuO2 planes. We infer that the states closest to the chemical potential have a Cu 3d(10) singlet origin in Nd2-xCexCuO4-delta and a 3d(9) (L) under bar singlet origin in La2-xSrxCuO4.
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