| 1. |
- Åberg, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Helicobacter pylori adapts to chronic infection and gastric disease via ph-responsive baba-mediated adherence
- 2017
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Ingår i: Cell Host and Microbe. - : Elsevier BV. - 1931-3128 .- 1934-6069. ; 21:3, s. 376-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The BabA adhesin mediates high-affinity binding of Helicobacter pylori to the ABO blood group antigen-glycosylated gastric mucosa. Here we show that BabA is acid responsive-binding is reduced at low pH and restored by acid neutralization. Acid responsiveness differs among strains; often correlates with different intragastric regions and evolves during chronic infection and disease progression; and depends on pH sensor sequences in BabA and on pH reversible formation of high-affinity binding BabA multimers. We propose that BabA's extraordinary reversible acid responsiveness enables tight mucosal bacterial adherence while also allowing an effective escape from epithelial cells and mucus that are shed into the acidic bactericidal lumen and that bio-selection and changes in BabA binding properties through mutation and recombination with babA-related genes are selected by differences among individuals and by changes in gastric acidity over time. These processes generate diverse H. pylori subpopulations, in which BabA's adaptive evolution contributes to H. pylori persistence and overt gastric disease.
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| 2. |
- Bernspång, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Verification of an explicit finite-element code for the simulation of the press forming of rectangular boxes of coated sheet steels
- 1993
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Processing Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0924-0136 .- 1873-4774. ; 39:3-4, s. 431-453
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The industrial aim for shorter lead times in the development process for new products has encouraged a fast development of finite-element procedures for the simulation of sheet-metal forming. These procedures can shorten the design stage for new sheet-forming tools and the try-out period. In order to reach these goals robust calculation procedures and extensive verification of results are required. This paper presents a detailed validation of one promising type of finite-element code, namely the explicit code DYNA3D. Experiments for verification were performed on a zinc-coated sheet steel with a hot-dip galvanized coating. Stretch forming and deep drawing of cylindrical cups were performed. Rectangular boxes were formed from rectangular blanks and blanks with cut corners. Dies both with and without draw beads were used. Punch forces, flange draw-in and strain distributions were measured. The pressings with cylindrical shape were used to determine coefficients of friction with a fitting procedure based on comparison of data from pressings and from the DYNA3D calculations. These tribological data and constitutive data of the steels were used in the simulation of pressings of rectangular boxes. The calculations with DYNA3D gave a good description of flange draw-in and the strain distributions in the pressings. In most of the cases studied the punch-force curves were well reproduced. It is concluded that the present code is well suited for the simulation of sheet-forming operations.
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| 5. |
- Goodrose-Flores, C, et al.
(författare)
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High-protein compared with standard parenteral nutrition in palliative cancer care
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMJ supportive & palliative care. - : BMJ. - 2045-4368 .- 2045-435X. ; 12:3, s. 332-338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-protein parenteral nutrition (PN) has been developed to counteract muscle loss in patients with cancer treated with PN. Nevertheless, it is not clear if high-protein PN is as safe as standard PN in patients with palliative cancer. Our primary aim was to compare the proportion of patients with elevated liver enzymes between high-protein and standard PN in patients with palliative cancer enrolled to Medical Home Care. Our secondary aim was to compare the two treatments with regard to weight and albumin levels during treatment.MethodsMedical records from 2016 to 2018 were retrospectively reviewed to identify palliative cancer patients that had received PN for more than 3 weeks. Data on weight, height, albumin, liver enzymes, socioeconomic factors and dietitian consultations were collected at baseline and after 3–8 weeks of PN treatment. The odds of having elevated liver enzymes or having a maintained weight and/or stable albumin levels were calculated using logistic regression.Results20 patients treated with high-protein PN were compared with 104 patients treated with standard PN. Patients treated with high-protein PN had a significantly higher weight at follow-up compared with patients treated with standard PN (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients with elevated liver enzymes (OR 0.20; 95% CI 0.02 to 1.86), or maintained weight and/or albumin levels (OR 1.62; 95% CI 0.46 to 5.76) between high-protein and standard PN.ConclusionHigh-protein PN was as safe, and at least as effective, as standard PN to patients with palliative cancer.
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Roger, et al.
(författare)
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Stainless steel components in automotive vehicles
- 2004
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Ingår i: Stainless Steel World. - 1383-7184. ; 16:1, s. 34-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Components linked to crash safety in automotive vehicles are required to transmit or absorb energy. The energy absorbing capability of a given component depends on a combination of geometry, material properties and loading conditions. Increased crash performance can be obtained by using materials with higher yield strength and relatively high elongation to fracture. These demands have led to increasing interest in the use of high strength stainless steels due to their relatively high elongation to fracture and good formability. To increase knowledge of the formability and forming behaviour of these materials, several components from current and prototype vehicles have been made using high strength stainless steels at Volvo Cars Body Components, Olofstrom, Sweden. These were subsequently analysed in close collaboration with the Division of Manufacturing Systems Engineering at Lulea University of Technology, Sweden.
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| 10. |
- Axenhus, M, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in mortality trends amongst common diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1651-1905 .- 1403-4948. ; 50:6, s. 748-755
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been found that COVID-19 increases deaths within common diseases in countries that have implemented strict lockdowns. In order to elucidate the proper national response to a pandemic, the mortality rates within COVID-19 and various diseases need to be studied in countries whose pandemic response differ. Sweden represents a country with lax pandemic restrictions, and we aimed to study the effects of COVID-19 on historical mortality rates within common diseases during 2020. Methods: Regression models and moving averages were used to predict expected premature mortality per the ICD-10 during 2020 using historical data sets. Predicted values were then compared to recorded premature mortality to identify changes in mortality trends. Results: Seasonal increased mortality was found within neurological diseases. Infectious diseases, tumours and cardiac disease mortality rates decreased compared to expected outcome. Conclusions: Changes in mortality trends were observed for several common diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. Neurological and cardiac conditions, infections and tumours are examples of diseases that were heavily affected by the pandemic. The indirect effects of COVID-19 on certain patient populations should be considered when determining pandemic impact.
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