| 1. |
- Tommasini, R., et al.
(author)
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Accepted Tutorials at The Web Conference 2022
- 2022
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In: WWW 2022 - Companion Proceedings of the Web Conference 2022. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). ; , s. 391-399
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper summarizes the content of the 20 tutorials that have been given at The Web Conference 2022: 85% of these tutorials are lecture style, and 15% of these are hands on.
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| 2. |
- Burger, H. F., et al.
(author)
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Bottom-up and top-down drivers of herbivory on Arabica coffee along an environmental and management gradient
- 2022
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In: Basic and Applied Ecology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1439-1791 .- 1618-0089. ; 59, s. 21-32
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- While sustainable agriculture relies on natural pest control, we lack insights into the relative importance of bottom-up and top-down factors on pest levels, especially along broad environmental and management gradients. To this aim, we focused on bottom-up and top-down control of herbivore damage in sixty sites in the centre of origin of Arabica coffee in southwestern Ethiopia, where coffee grows along a management gradient ranging from little or no management in the natural forest to commercial plantations. More specifically, we examined how canopy cover, percentage of surrounding forest and management intensity affected caffeine and chlorogenic acid concentration (bottom-up process) and attack of dummy caterpillars by ants and birds (top-down process), and how these in turn affected pest levels. Caffeine and chlorogenic acid concentrations were negatively related to canopy cover, while ant attack rate was positively related to canopy cover. Both ant and bird attack rate increased with the percentage of surrounding forest. Yet, secondary chemistry and caterpillar attack rates were unrelated to herbivory, and herbivory was only directly and positively affected by management intensity. Our study highlights that canopy cover can have contrasting effects on plant defence and predation, and that changes in bottom-up and top-down factors do – unlike often assumed – not necessarily translate into reduced pest levels. Instead, direct effects of management on pest levels may be more important than bottom-up or top-down mediated effects.
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| 3. |
- Einhauser, Sebastian, et al.
(author)
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Time Trend in SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity, Surveillance Detection- and Infection Fatality Ratio until Spring 2021 in the Tirschenreuth County-Results from a Population-Based Longitudinal Study in Germany
- 2022
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In: Viruses. - : MDPI AG. - 1999-4915. ; 14:6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Herein, we provide results from a prospective population-based longitudinal follow-up (FU) SARS-CoV-2 serosurveillance study in Tirschenreuth, the county which was hit hardest in Germany in spring 2020 and early 2021. Of 4203 individuals aged 14 years or older enrolled at baseline (BL, June 2020), 3546 participated at FU1 (November 2020) and 3391 at FU2 (April 2021). Key metrics comprising standardized seroprevalence, surveillance detection ratio (SDR), infection fatality ratio (IFR) and success of the vaccination campaign were derived using the Roche N- and S-Elecsys anti-SARS-CoV-2 test together with a self-administered questionnaire. N-seropositivity at BL was 9.2% (1st wave). While we observed a low new seropositivity between BL and FU1 (0.9%), the combined 2nd and 3rd wave accounted for 6.1% new N-seropositives between FU1 and FU2 (ever seropositives at FU2: 15.4%). The SDR decreased from 5.4 (BL) to 1.1 (FU2) highlighting the success of massively increased testing in the population. The IFR based on a combination of serology and registration data resulted in 3.3% between November 2020 and April 2021 compared to 2.3% until June 2020. Although IFRs were consistently higher at FU2 compared to BL across age-groups, highest among individuals aged 70+ (18.3% versus 10.7%, respectively), observed differences were within statistical uncertainty bounds. While municipalities with senior care homes showed a higher IFR at BL (3.0% with senior care home vs. 0.7% w/o), this effect diminished at FU2 (3.4% vs. 2.9%). In April 2021 (FU2), vaccination rate in the elderly was high (>77.4%, age-group 80+).
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