| 1. |
- Anthony, Richard, et al.
(författare)
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Autonomic Middleware for Automotive Embedded Systems
- 2009
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Ingår i: Autonomic Communication. - Boston, MA : Springer US. - 9780387097527 ; , s. 169-210
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter describes DySCAS: an advanced autonomic platform-independent middleware framework for automotive embedded systems. The concepts and architecture are motivated and described in detail, focusing on the need for, and achievement of, high flexibility and automatic run-time reconfiguration. The design of the middleware is positioned with respect to the way it overcomes the specific technical, environmental, and performance challenges of the automotive domain. Self-management is achieved in terms of automatic configuration for context-aware behavior, resource-use efficiency, and self-healing to handle run-time detected faults. The self-management is governed by the use of policies distributed throughout the middleware components. The simulation techniques that have been used for extensive validation are described and some key results presented. A reference implementation is presented, illustrating the way in which the various concepts and mechanisms can be realized and orchestrated.
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| 2. |
- Chen, DeJiu, et al.
(författare)
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DySCAS System Architecture
- 2007
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- This deliverable provides an architectural strategy and overall system design forthe DySCAS middleware system as a first step towards a complete systemspecification. The DySCAS Basic Architecture captures both the systemconceptualization and an initial function-level outline without consideringimplementation and technology details. It defines the middleware system in termsof its application and operational contexts, expected features, middleware servicesthat group functions, behaviours, as well as the structuring and implementationdecisions that are most crucial to satisfy the given set of requirements. In thisdocument, we also outline some fundamental strategies for binding themiddleware components to the target platforms and infrastructures and forhandling potential errors at both initialization-time and rum-time, while taking thetechnology support and domain needs into consideration.This deliverable also covers the rationale behind the architecture solutions andprovides a generic framework that relates architecture principles and styles, wellknownmechanisms, and reference models to the expected functionalities andqualities of DySCAS. The aim is to consolidate the proposed solutions and also tofacilitate the communications between DySCAS partners and to third-parties.
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| 3. |
- Chen, DeJiu, et al.
(författare)
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DySCAS System Specification - Part II : Specification of DySCAS MiddlewareReference Architecture
- 2008
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this document is to provide a comprehensive definition of theDySCAS Middleware Reference Architecture, including the DySCASArchitecture Model together with the underlying DySCAS Component Model andDySCAS Information Model. The component model provides a standardizedapproach to the interfaces, internal structure and behaviours of middlewareservices. The information model constitutes an ontology and effective means forcapturing and formulating the meta-information of system configuration. Suchinformation is typically concerned with the system architecture specification andoperation status that is necessary for run-time configuration management.This document serves as a guide for understanding the functionalities andsemantics of this reference architecture in detail.
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| 4. |
- Ciccozzi, Federico, et al.
(författare)
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UML-based Development of Embedded Real-Time Software on Multi-core in Practice: Lessons Learned and Future Perspectives
- 2016
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Ingår i: IEEE Access. - United States. - 2169-3536. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Model-Driven Engineering has got a foothold in industry as an effective way to tame the complexity of modern software which is meant to run on embedded systems with real-time constraints by promoting abstraction, in terms of prescriptive models, and automation, in terms of model manipulations. In the plethora of modelling languages, the Unified Modeling Language (UML) has emerged and established itself as a de facto standard in industry, the most widely used architectural description language and an ISO/IEC standard. In the SMARTCore project we have provided solutions for UML-based development of software to run on multicore embedded real-time systems with the specific focus of automating the generation of executable code and the optimization of task allocation based on a unique combination of model-based and execution-based mechanisms. In this paper we describe the lessons learned in the research work carried out within SMARTCore and provide a set of perspectives that we consider to be highly relevant for the forthcoming future of this research area to enable a wider adoption of UML-based development in industry in general, and in the multicore embedded real-time domain in particular.
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| 5. |
- Goossens, Ward, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating Edge Computing and Compression for Remote Cuff-Less Blood Pressure Monitoring
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks. - : MDPI. - 2224-2708. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Remote health monitoring systems play an important role in the healthcare sector. Edge computing is a key enabler for realizing these systems, where it is required to collect big data while providing real-time guarantees. In this study, we focus on remote cuff-less blood pressure (BP) monitoring through electrocardiogram (ECG) as a case study to evaluate the benefits of edge computing and compression. First, we investigate the state-of-the-art algorithms for BP estimation and ECG compression. Second, we develop a system to measure the ECG, estimate the BP, and store the results in the cloud with three different configurations: (i) estimation in the edge, (ii) estimation in the cloud, and (iii) estimation in the cloud with compressed transmission. Third, we evaluate the three approaches in terms of application latency, transmitted data volume, and power usage. In experiments with batches of 64 ECG samples, the edge computing approach has reduced average application latency by 15%, average power usage by 19%, and total transmitted volume by 85%, confirming that edge computing improves system performance significantly. Compressed transmission proved to be an alternative when network bandwidth is limited and edge computing is impractical.
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| 6. |
- Höglund, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Power-Aware Scheduling in Embedded Systems : Adaptation of SDVS Scheduling using Deadline Overrun Detection
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Energy Aware Design and Analysis of Cyber Physical Systems (WEA-CPS'10). ; , s. 26-33
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cyber-physical systems (CPS) take computation, communication, monitoring and control to a new level of complexity due to their inherent integration with each other and the physical world. Energy efficiency is paramount in such systems since high energy consuming hardware components are envisioned to be deeply embedded within the physical environment, thus calling for the need to incorporate energy awareness into the design and analysis of a CPS rather than as an afterthought. Solutions must reach beyond those for stand-alone real-time systems or homogeneous sensor-networks, to be able to reason about heterogeneous systems of systems integrated at multiple levels, while guaranteeing their safety-critical requirements. This workshop calls for papers that seek to rethink the notion of energy and power awareness, at the device, architectural or operating system (scheduling) levels, in the context of CPS design and analysis.
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| 7. |
- Mustefa, Dino, et al.
(författare)
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Enabling Time-critical Communications in Medical IoT Applications
- 2021
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Ingår i: 14th International Conference on ICT, Society, and Human Beings, ICT 2021, 18th International Conference on Web Based Communities and Social Media, WBC 2021 and 13th International Conference on e-Health, EH 2021 - Held at the 15th Multi-Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems, MCCSIS 2021. - 9789898704306 ; , s. 152-160
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Efficient communication is paramount for time-critical applications. Emerging time-critical healthcare applications will require extremely low latency, high reliability, and security guarantees. There are existing and emerging network technologies such as 5G that could enable efficient communications for these time-critical applications. However, it requires detailed identification of the required Quality of Service (QoS) of the applications and careful selection of the appropriate connectivity technology or combination of technologies to fully realize these time-critical healthcare applications. Network slicing is known as a proposed backbone of 5G technology that aggregates logical network functions and configurations of parameters to support a particular service. In this paper, we address the QoS requirements of medical IoT applications, with a particular focus on their time-critical nature, and show how network slicing could be a key technology for meeting such requirements.
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| 8. |
- Pop, Paul, et al.
(författare)
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The SafeCOP ECSEL Project : Safe Cooperating Cyber-Physical Systems using Wireless Communication
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 19th Euromicro Conference on Digital System Design, DSD 2016. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781509028160 ; , s. 532-538
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an overview of the ECSEL project entitled 'Safe Cooperating Cyber-Physical Systems using Wireless Communication' (SafeCOP), which runs during the period 2016 - 2019. SafeCOP targets safety-related Cooperating Cyber-Physical Systems (CO-CPS) characterised by use of wireless communication, multiple stakeholders, dynamic system definitions (openness), and unpredictable operating environments. SafeCOP will provide an approach to the safety assurance of CO-CPS, enabling thus their certification and development. The project will define a runtime manager architecture for runtime detection of abnormal behaviour, triggering if needed a safe degraded mode. SafeCOP will also develop methods and tools, which will be used to produce safety assurance evidence needed to certify cooperative functions. SafeCOP will extend current wireless technologies to ensure safe and secure cooperation. SafeCOP will also contribute to new standards and regulations, by providing certification authorities and standardization committees with the scientifically validated solutions needed to craft effective standards extended to also address cooperation and system-of-systems issues. The project has 28 partners from 6 European countries, and a budget of about 11 million Euros corresponding to about 1,300 person-months.
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| 9. |
- Saadatmand, Mehrdad, et al.
(författare)
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Runtime Verification of State Machines and Defect Localization Applying Model-Based Testing
- 2014
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Ingår i: WICSA '14 Companion, Proceedings of the WICSA 2014. - Sydney, Australia : ACM. - 9781450325233 ; , s. Article No.: 6-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we introduce a method for runtime veri cation of the behavior of a system against state machines models in order to identify inconsistencies between the two. This is achieved by tracking states and transitions at runtime and comparing with the expected behavior of the system captured in the form of state machine models. The goal is to increase our con dence that the order of states at runtime matches what is speci ed by the models. The method also provides for defect localization by identifying that in the transition between which states a deviation from the expected behavior has occurred. The necessity and importance of the method lies in the fact that in model-based development, models are also used to perform analysis. Therefore, if there is any discrepancy between the behavior of the system at runtime and the models, then the result of model-based analyses which are performed may also be invalid and not applicable for the system anymore. For this purpose, in our method we create executable test cases from state machine models to test the runtime behavior of the system.
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