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- Gerdes, Christer, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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The significance of immigration for public finances in Denmark
- 2011
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies the economic consequences of immigration for public finances in Denmark. Using new figures for the period 2004-2008, net transfers are calculated, and presented as an extension to the figures that already existed for the period 1991-2001. The net transfers are calculated from a marginal perspective, which means that the included public expenditures and incomes can be traced to each individual person in our sample. The study is therefore suited for analyzing the economic consequences if more/less people immigrate. A consistent pattern to emerge throughout is that net transfers from Western first- and second-generation immigrants to state funds are positive, while those from non-Western first- and second-generation immigrants are negative. The new calculations show that net transfers from non-Western first- and second-generation immigrants fell from DKK -12.8 billion in 2004 to DKK -9.1 billion in 2008, largely due to the improved employment situation in Denmark. The results also show, however, that the composition chosen of the group of non-Western immigrants has a significant effect on the calculation of net transfers, in that these transfers are reduced to DKK -2.2 billion if refugees are excluded from this group.
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- Norlund Vering Johansen, Simone, et al.
(författare)
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Household Economic Exclusion Among Danish Children : Evaluating Independent and Joint Household Risk of Income Poverty and Parental Labor Market Exclusion over the Course of Childhood
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Low household income and social exclusion increase children’s risk for unsuccessful transitions to adulthood. Yet, we know little about children’s cumulative risk of experiencing poverty and parental labor market exclusion during childhood, and to what extent these circumstances co-occur. Using synthetic cohort lifetables and administrative data, we estimate annual separate and joint cumulative risks for experiencing living in a household with income below the OECD poverty line (poverty) and living in a low-work intensity household (labor market exclusion) for children born in Denmark from 2003-2018. Our results show that similar children are identified by both indicators, with the largest overlap between the joint indicator of both poverty and labor market exclusion (economic exclusion) and the income poverty indicator. Further, considering estimates produced from poverty and labor market exclusion measures, as well as from a combined measure, helps to demonstrate the role of business cycle volatility in each—procyclical with respect to poverty and countercyclical with respect labor market exclusion. Linking multiple indicators makes it easier to distinguish long-term trends in the cumulative risk of childhood poverty and the impact of changes to levels of welfare payments from short-term fluctuations caused by changes in income levels due to variation in labor market tightness.
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| 4. |
- Norlund Vering Johansen, Simone, et al.
(författare)
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Household Economic Exclusion among Danish Children : Evaluating Independent and Joint Risks of Income Poverty and Parental Labor Market Exclusion
- 2020
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Ingår i: Social Service Review. - : University of Chicago Press. - 0037-7961 .- 1537-5404. ; 94:4, s. 781-814
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Low household income and social exclusion increase children’s risk for unsuccessful transitions to adulthood. Yet we know little about children’s cumulative risk of experiencing poverty and parental labor market exclusion during childhood and to what extent these circumstances co-occur. We estimate annual separate and joint cumulative period risks for experiencing living in a household with income below the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development poverty line (poverty) and a low-work intensity household (labor market exclusion) for children in Denmark from 2003 to 2018. Both indicators identify similar children, with the largest overlap between the joint indicator of both poverty and labor market exclusion (economic exclusion) and the income poverty indicator. Furthermore, considering estimates produced from poverty and labor market exclusion measures, as well as from a combined measure, helps us demonstrate the role of business cycle volatility in each: procyclical with respect to poverty and countercyclical with respect labor market exclusion.
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