| 1. |
- Diaz-Guardamino, Marta, 3, et al.
(författare)
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The local appropriation of warrior ideals in Late Bronze Age Europe: a review of the rock art site of Arroyo Tamujoso 8 and the ‘warrior’ stela of Cancho Roano (Badajoz, Spain) : La apropiación local de ideales guerreros en la Europa de la Edad del Bronce Final: una revisión del sitio de arte rupestre de Arroyo Tamujoso 8 y la estela de Cancho Roano (Badajoz, España)
- 2022
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Ingår i: Trabajos de prehistoria. - : Editorial CSIC. - 0082-5638 .- 1988-3218. ; 79:2, s. 329-345
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study offers new insights into the local appropriation of warrior ideals in Late Bronze Age Europe. Through the new study of the carvings of Cancho Roano and Arroyo Tamujoso 8, located in Southwest Iberia and their landscape settings with state-of-the-art digital technologies, this paper unpicks some of the key idiosyncrasies of Iberian Late Bronze Age warrior iconography, revealing that responses to the warrior ideals circulating across Europe during that period were diverse. To understand the contexts of circulation and appropriation of these ideas from a local perspective, we also consider very briefly the multiscale connections in which the communities who created warrior stelae in Iberia were involved. The ultimate goal of this paper is to lay the groundwork for further work developing more detailed comparisons between Iberian warrior stelae and Swedish warrior iconography on rock art, also taking into account other evidence.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Allentoft, Morten E., et al.
(författare)
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100 ancient genomes show repeated population turnovers in Neolithic Denmark
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 625, s. 329-337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Major migration events in Holocene Eurasia have been characterized genetically at broad regional scales1–4. However, insights into the population dynamics in the contact zones are hampered by a lack of ancient genomic data sampled at high spatiotemporal resolution5–7. Here, to address this, we analysed shotgun-sequenced genomes from 100 skeletons spanning 7,300 years of the Mesolithic period, Neolithic period and Early Bronze Age in Denmark and integrated these with proxies for diet (13C and 15N content), mobility (87Sr/86Sr ratio) and vegetation cover (pollen). We observe that Danish Mesolithic individuals of the Maglemose, Kongemose and Ertebølle cultures form a distinct genetic cluster related to other Western European hunter-gatherers. Despite shifts in material culture they displayed genetic homogeneity from around 10,500 to 5,900 calibrated years before present, when Neolithic farmers with Anatolian-derived ancestry arrived. Although the Neolithic transition was delayed by more than a millennium relative to Central Europe, it was very abrupt and resulted in a population turnover with limited genetic contribution from local hunter-gatherers. The succeeding Neolithic population, associated with the Funnel Beaker culture, persisted for only about 1,000 years before immigrants with eastern Steppe-derived ancestry arrived. This second and equally rapid population replacement gave rise to the Single Grave culture with an ancestry profile more similar to present-day Danes. In our multiproxy dataset, these major demographic events are manifested as parallel shifts in genotype, phenotype, diet and land use.
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| 4. |
- Allentoft, Morten E., et al.
(författare)
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Population genomics of post-glacial western Eurasia
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 625:7994, s. 301-311
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Western Eurasia witnessed several large-scale human migrations during the Holocene1–5. Here, to investigate the cross-continental effects of these migrations, we shotgun-sequenced 317 genomes—mainly from the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods—from across northern and western Eurasia. These were imputed alongside published data to obtain diploid genotypes from more than 1,600 ancient humans. Our analyses revealed a ‘great divide’ genomic boundary extending from the Black Sea to the Baltic. Mesolithic hunter-gatherers were highly genetically differentiated east and west of this zone, and the effect of the neolithization was equally disparate. Large-scale ancestry shifts occurred in the west as farming was introduced, including near-total replacement of hunter-gatherers in many areas, whereas no substantial ancestry shifts happened east of the zone during the same period. Similarly, relatedness decreased in the west from the Neolithic transition onwards, whereas, east of the Urals, relatedness remained high until around 4,000 bp, consistent with the persistence of localized groups of hunter-gatherers. The boundary dissolved when Yamnaya-related ancestry spread across western Eurasia around 5,000 bp, resulting in a second major turnover that reached most parts of Europe within a 1,000-year span. The genetic origin and fate of the Yamnaya have remained elusive, but we show that hunter-gatherers from the Middle Don region contributed ancestry to them. Yamnaya groups later admixed with individuals associated with the Globular Amphora culture before expanding into Europe. Similar turnovers occurred in western Siberia, where we report new genomic data from a ‘Neolithic steppe’ cline spanning the Siberian forest steppe to Lake Baikal. These prehistoric migrations had profound and lasting effects on the genetic diversity of Eurasian populations.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Cassen, Serge, et al.
(författare)
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Real and ideal European maritime transfers along the Atlantic coast during the Neolithic
- 2019
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Ingår i: Documenta Praehistorica. - : University of Ljubljana. - 1408-967X .- 1854-2492. ; XLVI, s. 308-325
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The history of research on the Neolithic of the Atlantic façade shows how speculation about prehistoric mobility, especially across the sea, is mainly based on three types of archaeological evidence: megalithic monuments, rare stones, and pottery decoration. With the aim of approaching the issue from other perspectives, we have focused on the Morbihan area, a focal point of the European Neolithic during the mid-5th millennium BC. The analysis of this area has allowed us to grasp which objects, ideas and beliefs may have been desired, adopted and imitated at the time. We shall begin with an architectural concept, the standing stone. These were sometimes engraved with signs that can be directly compared between Brittany, Galicia (NW Spain) and Portugal, but for which there are no intermediate parallels in other areas of the French or Spanish coast. The unique accumulation and transformation of polished blades made of Alpine rocks and found inside tombs or in other sort of depositions in the Carnac region allowed us to establish a second link with Galicia and the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula, where certain types of the axes were imitated using a set of different rocks (sillimanite, amphibolite). Finally, the variscites and turquoises from different Spanish regions were used for the manufacture of beads and pendants at the Carnacean tombs, without it being possible – once again – to retrieve similar objects in the intermediate areas. The mastery of direct Atlantic sea routes is posed as an explanation for this geographical distribution. But, beyond the information drawn from specific artefacts – whose presence/absence should not be used in excess as an argument to endorse or underrate such movements across the ocean – we will return to a more poetic and universal phenomenon: the spell of the sea. Therefore, we will focus on the depictions of boats on the stelae of Morbihan to open such a debate.,
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| 8. |
- Schulz Paulsson, Bettina, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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A Highly Precise Chronology for the Process of Neolithization in Southern Scandinavia: The ESS Project in Lund, Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Radiocarbon. - 0033-8222 .- 1945-5755. ; 59:2, s. 583-593
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2013, one of Sweden's largest archaeological excavations started in association with the building of the European Spallation Source (ESS) multidisciplinary research center in Lund. The 160 radiocarbon dates that were produced for the project represent the most exhaustive dating program for a Scandinavian site so far and provide evidence for the human impact and activities on the site from the Mesolithic to the Iron Age. This article presents the results within a Bayesian statistical framework for the 70 C-14 dates from the Early Neolithic settlement (object 1) and a burial site with dolmens and wooden faades. For the first time, a highly precise chronology provides deeper insight into the Neolithization processes and the early settlement strategies in southern Scandinavia from similar to 3800 cal BC onwards.
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| 9. |
- Schulz Paulsson, Bettina, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Elk Heads at Sea: Maritime Hunters and Long-Distance Boat Journeys in Late Stone Age Fennoscandia
- 2019
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Ingår i: Oxford Journal of Archaeology. - : Wiley. - 0262-5253 .- 1468-0092. ; 38:4, s. 398-419
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tumlehed is the most well-preserved and complex prehistoric rock painting in the coastal region of south-west Sweden. Originally reported and described in 1974, we re-documented the panel using digital and IR photography, DStretch image enhancement software, and non-destructive PXRF spectroscopy. This re-documentation revealed a more complex image inventory with several previously unknown motifs and image details. The new data provide a better basis for identifying motif categories, the organization of the panel, the chronological sequence, and different frequentation periods. We report on the only known boats with an elk-head stem in southern and western Scandinavian rock art, the emergence of rock art boat depictions in the region, and evidence for longdistance maritime journeys and sea-mammal hunting in the later Stone Age. Comparisons to similar images with shoreline data in Fennoscandia narrow the time range for the date of the painting to 4200–2500 BC.
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| 10. |
- Schulz Paulsson, Bettina, 1970
(författare)
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Neolithic Seafaring and Maritime Technologies Shaped a New World of Megalithic Societies (4500-2500 CAL BC): The NEOSEA Project
- 2021
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Ingår i: The European Archaeologist. - 1022-0135. ; :68, s. 20-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- NEOSEA is a five-year project (2020–2025) supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (ERC-starting grant 949424). It is a comparative study of early megaliths and megalithic societies in Europe (4500-3500 cal BC) and seeks to define Neolithic seafaring and maritime technologies, and their role in shaping a new interconnected world of megalithic societies.
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