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- Schöll, Michael, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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PET Imaging of Tau Deposition in the Aging Human Brain
- 2016
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Ingår i: Neuron. - : Elsevier BV. - 0896-6273. ; 89:5, s. 971-982
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tau pathology is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) but also occurs in normal cognitive aging. Using the tau PET agent F-18-AV-1451, we examined retention patterns in cognitively normal older people in relation to young controls and AD patients. Age and beta-amyloid (measured using PiB PET) were differentially associated with tau tracer retention in healthy aging. Older age was related to increased tracer retention in regions of the medial temporal lobe, which predicted worse episodic memory performance. PET detection of tau in other isocortical regions required the presence of cortical b-amyloid and was associated with decline in global cognition. Furthermore, patterns of tracer retention corresponded well with Braak staging of neurofibrillary tau pathology. The present study defined patterns of tau tracer retention in normal aging in relation to age, cognition, and beta-amyloid deposition.
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- Stella-Ascariz, N., et al.
(författare)
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Blood Telomere Length Changes after Ritonavir-Boosted Darunavir Combined with Raltegravir or Tenofovir-Emtricitabine in Antiretroviral-Naive Adults Infected with HIV-1
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0022-1899 .- 1537-6613. ; 218:10, s. 1523-1530
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Tenofovir is a potent inhibitor of human telomerase. The clinical relevance of this inhibition is unknown. Methods. NEAT001/ANRS143 is a randomized trial that showed noninferiority over 96 weeks of ritonavir-boosted darunavir plus raltegravir versus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine in 805 antiretroviral antiretrovrial-naive HIV-infected adults. We compared changes in whole-blood telomere length measured with quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 201 randomly selected participants (104 raltegravir and 97 tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine). We performed multivariable estimative and predictive linear regression. Results. At week 96, participants receiving tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine had a statistically significant higher gain in telomere length than participants receiving raltegravir. Difference in mean telomere length change between groups (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine minus raltegravir) from baseline to week 96 adjusted by baseline telomere length was 0.031 (P = .009). This difference was not significantly confounded by age, gender, known duration of HIV infection, CD4 (baseline/nadir), CD8 cells, CD4/CD8 ratio, HIV viral load (baseline/week 96), tobacco and alcohol consumption, statins, or hepatitis C. Conclusion. Antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected adults receiving ritonavir-boosted darunavir and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine had a significant higher gain in blood telomere length than those receiving ritonavir-boosted darunavir and raltegravir, suggesting a better initial recovery from HIV-associated immunosenescence.
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- Covarrubias, Yesenia, et al.
(författare)
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Pilot study on longitudinal change in pancreatic proton density fat fraction during a weight-loss surgery program in adults with obesity
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. - : WILEY. - 1053-1807 .- 1522-2586. ; 50:4, s. 1092-1102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Quantitative-chemical-shift-encoded (CSE)-MRI methods have been applied to the liver. The feasibility and potential utility CSE-MRI in monitoring changes in pancreatic proton density fat fraction (PDFF) have not yet been demonstrated. Purpose To use quantitative CSE-MRI to estimate pancreatic fat changes during a weight-loss program in adults with severe obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). To explore the relationship of reduction in pancreatic PDFF with reductions in anthropometric indices. Study Type Prospective/longitudinal. Population Nine adults with severe obesity and NAFLD enrolled in a weight-loss program. Field Strength/Sequence CSE-MRI fat quantification techniques and multistation-volumetric fat/water separation techniques were performed at 3 T. Assessment PDFF values were recorded from parametric maps colocalized across timepoints. Statistical Tests Rates of change of log-transformed variables across time were determined (linear-regression), and their significance assessed compared with no change (Wilcoxon test). Rates of change were correlated pairwise (Spearmans correlation). Results Mean pancreatic PDFF decreased by 5.7% (range 0.7-17.7%) from 14.3 to 8.6%, hepatic PDFF by 11.4% (2.6-22.0%) from 14.8 to 3.4%, weight by 30.9 kg (17.3-64.2 kg) from 119.0 to 88.1 kg, body mass index by 11.0 kg/m(2) (6.3-19.1 kg/m(2)) from 44.1 to 32.9 kg/m(2), waist circumference (WC) by 25.2 cm (4.0-41.0 cm) from 133.1 to 107.9 cm, HC by 23.5 cm (4.5-47.0 cm) from 135.8 to 112.3 cm, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) by 2.9 L (1.7-5.7 L) from 7.1 to 4.2 L, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) by 4.0 L (2.9-7.4 L) from 15.0 to 11.0 L. Log-transformed rate of change for pancreatic PDFF was moderately correlated with log-transformed rates for hepatic PDFF, VAT, SCAT, and WC (rho = 0.5, 0.47, 0.45, and 0.48, respectively), although not statistically significant. Data Conclusion Changes in pancreatic PDFF can be estimated by quantitative CSE-MRI in adults undergoing a weight-loss surgery program. Pancreatic and hepatic PDFF and anthropometric indices decreased significantly. Technical Efficacy Stage: 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:1092-1102.
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