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- van Dijk, D., et al.
(författare)
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Associations between sleep duration and sleep debt with insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in the EGIR-RISC Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Diabetes & Metabolism. - : Elsevier BV. - 1262-3636. ; 45:4, s. 375-381
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Extremes in sleep duration play an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes. We examined the associations between sleep duration and sleep debt with estimates of insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. Methods: Data were derived from the European multi-centre EGIR-RISC study. Sleep duration and sleep debt were derived from a sleep questionnaire asking about sleeping time during the week and during the weekend. Insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion were estimated from a 2-hour Oral Glucose Tolerance Test, with samples every 30 minutes. Associations between sleep duration and sleep debt with insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion, were analysed by multiple linear regression models corrected for possible confounders. Results: Sleep data were available in 1002 participants, 46% men, mean age 48 ± 8 years, who had an average sleep duration of 7 ± 1 hours [range 3–14] and an average sleep debt (absolute difference hours sleep weekend days minus weekdays) of 1 ± 1 hour [range 0–8]. With regard to insulin sensitivity, we observed an inverted U-shaped association between sleep duration and the Stumvoll MCR in (mL/kg/min), with a corrected β (95% CI) of 2.05 (0.8; 3.3) and for the quadratic term −0.2 (−0.3; −0.1). Similarly, a U-shaped association between sleep duration and log HOMA-IR in (µU/mL), with a corrected βs of −0.83 (−1.4; −0.24) and 0.06 (0.02; 0.10) for the quadratic term. Confounders showed an attenuating effect on the associations, while BMI mediated 60 to 91% of the association between sleep duration and insulin sensitivity. No significant associations were observed between sleep duration with insulin secretion or between sleep debt with either insulin sensitivity or insulin secretion. Conclusions: Short and long sleep duration are associated with a lower insulin sensitivity, suggesting that sleep plays an important role in insulin resistance and may provide the link with development of type 2 diabetes.
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- Marshall, Cassandra, et al.
(författare)
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Managing exploratory partnerships : a case of new business creation in the telecommunications industry
- 2004
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A substantial body of literature, from a number of theoretical approaches, has been cautious as regards the difficulties of managing the emergence or evolution of strategic alliances. Nonetheless, empirical evidence of how bonding conditions or capacities are managed and developed over time is comparatively rare. Using empirical data from action research into venture initiatives between an incumbent telecommunications company and its partners, the authors explore the specifics of the management of exploratory partnerships. The data suggests that parties make use of exploratory partnerships to explore new opportunities, to identify both constraints and potentials, and to prescribe new learning issues. It demonstrates the need for specific governance mechanisms in order to maintain the explorative intent. In accordance with the findings, we suggest some implications for practice and further research.
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