| 1. |
- Björgvinsson, Erling, et al.
(författare)
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Creative class struggles
- 2014. - 1
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Ingår i: Making Futures. - Cambridge : MIT Press. - 9780262027939 ; , s. 173-186
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Hanell, Fredrik, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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An open educational resource for doing netnography in the digital arts and humanities
- 2023
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Ingår i: Education for Information. - : IOS Press. - 0167-8329 .- 1875-8649. ; 39:2, s. 155-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As a part of the DiMPAH-project, the authors have developed an open educational resource (OER) on netnography. In this paper, the OER is presented and critically discussed as the broader problem identified during course-development is made explicit and explored through two research questions: 1) How can an OER be designed that positions netnography as a viable methodology for the digital humanities? 2) How can an OER be designed that theoretically and methodologically combines both quantitative and qualitative approaches for doing netnography?An up-to-date theoretical overview of netnography as a methodology for studying social experiences online is provided. Methodological considerations are presented, aimed for sensitizing students to nuances of active (participatory) and passive (non-participatory) netnography through two analytical concepts. The OER is presented through three case studies and a learning scenario offering flexible and authentic technology-integrated learning. Netnography is found to contribute to the digital humanities, overall characterized by method-driven and quantitative approaches, with reflexivity and a potential for critical research and pedagogy. The two analytical concepts community-based netnography and consociality-based netnography allow for a nuanced methodological understanding of how and when qualitative and quantitative approaches should be employed, and how they may complement each other.
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| 3. |
- Hanell, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Netnography : Two Methodological Issues and the Consequences for Teaching and Practice
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 6th Digital Humanities in the Nordic and Baltic Countries Conference (DHNB 2022). - : CEUR-WS.org. ; , s. 221-227
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As part of a transnational project focused on creating Open Education Resources (OERs) on selected digital methods and fostering learning experiences by taking data from the past into future stories, the authors are currently developing an OER on netnography. Robert Kozinets, who coined the term in the 1990s, recently described netnography as offering a recipe book with clear directions for doing qualitative social media research (2020). Designing this OER, we have identified two pertinent methodological issues of netnography that have been debated during recent years: the need to shift focus from “community” to “consociality” (Perren & Kozinets, 2018) and the issue of active versus passive approaches (Costello, McDermott & Wallace, 2017). Using these two methodological issues as a starting point, this paper outlines our understanding of netnography. It provides examples of consequences for how netnography can be taught and practiced in action. Consociality is more about contextual fellowship (what we share) than the identity boundary (who we are) associated with communities. While this position holds merit, online communities still exist (and warrant consideration), and consequently, we argue for two possible points of departure for conducting netnographic investigations: 1) community-based netnography, using the notion of community, focused on interactions characterized by (lasting) communal ties and practices; 2) consociality-based netnography, using the notion of consociality, focusing on interactions characterized by (fleeting) connections in contextual fellowships. These two points of departure frame the nature of the phenomenon of study in slightly different ways, leading us to the debate concerning active and passive approaches in netnographic studies. Costello, McDermott, and Wallace (2017) problematize a certain preference for “observational” or “non-participatory” approaches. Such passive approaches include unobtrusive observations of interactions in a specific social setting. Active approaches include processes to generate elicited material through interactions (such as interviews) between researcher and participants and the writing of field notes.The critique of passive approaches echoes how a key strength of netnography has historically been described as providing ethnographically thick descriptions of online interactions through the intense and sustained involvement of the researcher in the daily life of the participants (Kozinets, 2010). However, passive approaches are useful to help us navigate vast amounts of digital data and social sites and possibly gain a higher representativity and reduce the risk of bias (Kozinets, 2020). Therefore, we propose that for community-based netnography, it is advisable to engage mainly in active approaches to engage with participants of a community over time. For consociality-based netnography, passive approaches such as selecting and archiving online traces can be enough to conduct a netnographic study. Still, active approaches such as taking field notes should be considered. Two cases with practical assignments are discussed in relation to these methodological considerations together with insights for teaching and netnographic practice. In the first case, students are invited to investigate a digital community of their own choosing that they know well. The second case introduces students to an accessible online tool suitable for learning about fundamentals of Social Network Analysis (SNA) for studying consociality using data from Twitter.References: Costello, L., McDermott, M. L. & Wallace, R. (2017). Netnography: Range of practices, misperceptions, and missed opportunities. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 16(1), https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917700647.Kozinets, R. V. (2010). Netnography: Doing ethnographic research online. Los Angeles: Sage.Kozinets, R. (2020). Netnography: The essential guide to qualitative social media research. London: Sage.Perren, R. & Kozinets, R. V. (2018). Lateral exchange markets: How social platforms operate in a networked economy. Journal of Marketing, 82(1), 20-36. https://doi.org/10.1509/jm.14.0250
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| 4. |
- Hanell, Fredrik, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Netnography : An Open Educational Resource (OER) for DARIAH Teach platform
- 2023
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Annan publikation (refereegranskat)abstract
- Netnography is an adaptation of ethnography to the study of digital interactions. In this course, the ethnographic perspective underpinning Netnography is introduced together with the netnographic approach and different types of netnographic material. Ethnographic procedures adapted to digital settings, such as participant observations, interviews and taking field notes, are described together with Social Network Analysis. Employing both qualitative elements (such as participant observations) and quantitative (Social Network Analysis), learners will work hands-on with pre-selected datasets to do a small-scale netnographic study. This study will depart from questions connected to equality, cultural diversity and public health.The course includes four units that are designed to gradually introduce the learner to Netnography as a research field and a methodology, but the units can also be studied separately. Each unit includes theoretical content and practical assignments that will allow the learner to develop a thorough understanding of Netnography and a useful skillset for doing netnographies.
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| 5. |
- Jonsson Severson, Pernilla, 1971-
(författare)
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A historiography of migration in Nordic public service-television research
- 2021
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Ingår i: Presented at the ECREA 8th European Communication Conference, Communication and Trust: building safe, sustainable and promising futures, Online, September 6-9, 2021 (moved from October 2-5, 2020).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to identify and discuss aspects of Nordic public service tv (NPSTV) research on what values (normative statements on what is at stake and what is considered worth protecting in relation to understandings of the public service remit) are stated as particularly relevant in distribution changes of teletext, digital tv and play services. The historiography shows a movement towards emphasising personalised media, bringing universal access to the many. It is universal service as a trust-worthy PSB service for the majority, not the minority, that protected. The ambitious intentions of NPSTV research to shed light on and not at least protect the Nordic, the European and the general aim of PSB, has motivated safeguarding of the fundamentals: access in the distribution and the financing. These intellectual pleasures in form of considerable anxieties concerning PSB are still predominant. Solidarity towards the few, or caring for under-privileged groups is downplayed. Protecting minority languages or minority issues are not sought after today, as was the case with teletext. Teletext in all Nordic countries included the value of being a special service for the hearing impaired. Research however did not mirror society, doing studies of teletext. DTV and play services are primarily studied as change regarding economic growth, keeping market shares and PSB being relevant in a digital media landscape. The nation-centric and media-centric PSB research approach seem to have become norm again through this development.This can be seen as research being actors of change, as well as being witnesses to society. It is argued that NPSTV research is both part of a slowly crystallising cultural practice of protecting PSB, and particularly rising to the occasion of triggering events: whatever technology that comes PSB will need to survive. Research show a particular interest in the legal, the structure of the industry organizations and the PSB institutions. However, PSB values like the minorities issue, and small Nordic countries, or the community building aspect of PSB is, as mentioned, lacking.What this study shows is the need to search for, see and acknowledge and also act on the gaps and distortions that exist. Why are there no strong critical reactions to NPSTV research excluding countries and minorities? Why is there no insight and directions towards how PSB should be striving for coherence of all publics and how coherence strategies mean not only one for all, but also many variances for differences as well as particular content aiming to create a sense of belonging and community?
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| 6. |
- Jonsson Severson, Pernilla, 1971-
(författare)
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Exploring journalists and researchers use of social media methods
- 2021
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Ingår i: NordMedia2021 conference, Crisis and Resilience: Nordic Media Research in the Frontline, online 18–20 August 2021.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores journalists' and researchers’ use of social media methods. An exploratory approach guided by validity and reliability elucidates the nature of “good social media methods for journalism”. Empirical material is my invitations for conferences and courses for journalists, journalism researchers, and digital methods researchers; my teaching and research in these fields. Furthermore, I engage my experiences from being a conference participant in a journalist conference for primary practitioners and researchers. Journalism researchers use social media methods to study how journalism changes through social media by researching journalism forms on specific social media platforms. The findings suggest that, for journalists, suitable social media methods as validity and reliability depend on revealing the online and for fact-checking the validity in the truth-claims to the “offline world”. In this, good social media methods become valid and reliable on their own and as “given”. Whether the social media methods tools have built-in biases or not, and whether all journalism, not only the studied social media, is changing, is not as discussed in journalism research or for practitioners, as in digital methods and critical data studies. Future research is needed to understand how broad and essential the issue of online research methods concernsthe built-in hidden biases in both platforms and tools.
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| 7. |
- Leckner, Sara, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Young persons’ willingness to pay for cross-media consumption : a study of demand and use in a multi-platform media environment.
- 2018
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Ingår i: 7th European Communication Conference Centres and Peripheries.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the current media landscape, cross-media consumption is not a new occurrence, in particularly not for younger consumers. Young consumers are a target group highly sought after by the media industry, but it has been hard to get this group to pay for content, especially for non-entertainment such as news, and thus, to found business models that work in a digital environment (e.g. Chiou and Tucker 2013;Goyanes 2014). There have, however, been indications that younger people are more inclined to pay for online content than print (e.g. Chyi and Lee 2013; Goyanes 2014; Picard 2014). In the present study, we investigate the cross-media demand of younger people and their willingness to pay for media content by using a survey based on a probability sample of Swedish participants aged 16-31 (n=1287); what platforms and content they use, what they pay for and how much they are willing to pay. By studying attitudes to access as well as actual inventories of access among young people, media-usage patterns and perceptions can be understood as taking place within set frames. These frames are set by various actors, in this study theoretically based on definitions of audiences (e.g., McQuail 2010), diffusion of media and cross media use (e.g., Rogers 2005), and consumer behaviour (e.g., Ekström 2010). The preliminary results indicate that the respondents both use and highly value access to both old and new media content and services and want to gain access to general as well as particular content.But in line with previous research, consumers do not always use what they prefer and are not willing to pay for what they use (e.g. Chyi and Lee 2013; Cook and Attari 2012). Price and supply were considered important, but currently the respondents “solved their media consumption in other ways” than paying, however, video-on-demand and streaming solutions, as well as particular content (like sports or TV series), were found to be more attractive to pay for. Subscription-based revenue models also appeared more appealing than one-time payments. These results can have important implications for the media industries future businesses.
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| 8. |
- Ringfjord, Britt-Marie, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Raising Theoretical Concept Understanding In Courses With Journalist Students
- 2017
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Ingår i: The 2nd EuroSoTL conference, June 8-9 2017, Lund, Sweden. - : Lund University.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This is a study of teaching a theory course for journalism students, year three, preparing for thesis work. The purpose is to increase understandings of theoretical tensions in professions-oriented education and how they can be dealt with. Research questions are: 1. How are journalism students self-perception of theory and its relevance to them and their thesis, before and after a theory course using more student active learning elements? 2. How can selfperceptions be understood in relation to course evaluations and student performance? 3. What values can be understood as made possible of the different pedagogic elements and how are contextual aspects influencing? Didactic decisions for the course were guided by student-active learning: constructing learning through performing actions (Piaget, 1951), through experiential education (Dewey, 1938) emphasizing the learner in the learning process, and higher-level thinking skills (Bloom, 1956). Course aim was to socialize students into a more academic line of thinking, paired with strengthening them to integrate theory and practice. Therefore, the course combined following elements in progression: 1) Seminar, 2) Mini Lectures, and 3) Exercises. Method in the study is self-assessment (Bourke, 2010), first at the beginning of the course, second ten weeks after thesis for Bachelor degree. Course evaluation and teacher self-reflection is added as assessment perspective. Theory used to analyze the results is the embedding of research and inquiry through scaffolding (Healey et al, 2014). The analysis also includes Schulman’s (2005) signature pedagogies. Results imply there is a need to engage in changes of perceptions of what journalism is (practice-academia). This confirms the vital importance for professional learning of knowledge setting types and the epistemic practices and resources they offer (Nerland and Jensen, 2014)
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| 9. |
- Severson, Pernilla, 1971-
(författare)
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Applying Critical Digital Method : Ethics, Sampling Strategies and Analysis Methods
- 2020
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Ingår i: Doing Digital Humanities. - Växjö : Linnaeus University Press. - 9789189081666 ; , s. 81-98
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter discusses the importance of caring about ethics, sampling strategies and analysis methods in a digital humanitiesrelated context, using the concept of critical digital method. Applying a critical digital method entails 1) practical lessons derived from interdisciplinary intersections of digital methods, 2) a request for engaging in critical digital method applications, 3) applying new techniques, and 4) a program performing a particular set of tasks. Therefore, ethical considerations, as well as addressing the issues of sampling and analysis strategies and why they matter, are important.
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| 10. |
- Severson, Pernilla, 1971-
(författare)
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En gökunge i public service-boet? : Publikens roll i digitaliseringen av marksänd television
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In a Swedish setting an audience orientation is applied to investigate public service TV in the ongoing development of terrestrial digital television. Focus is on institutionalized politics and public service TV companies Sveriges Television (Swedish Television) and Utbildningsradion (Education Radio). In a case study through a multitude of material, emphasizing policy documents and interviews but also including media coverage, it is explored how and why the audience is involved in public service digital TV development. Is it an operation in the public interest, and what does this mean for public service as a media policy principle? The empirical result indicates a complex and problematic audience, which is not constantly prioritized but always present. The audience legacy is threatened in public service TV by a consumer orientation. Concluding implications are on the one hand that feedback from the audience can not only be based in ratings and market analysis. On the other hand there is a need for an attitude towards public service legitimacy as utopian realism.
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