| 1. |
- Shah, Said Nasir, et al.
(författare)
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Bioactive, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of chemically fingerprinted essential oils extracted from Eucalyptus globulus: in-vitro and in-silico investigations
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Chemistry. - : FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. - 2296-2646. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Innovative approaches are urgently required to treat divestating bacterial diseases in the face of rising bacterial resistance rates. The current investigative work focused on hydro-distilling Tasmanian blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus) to isolate the essential oil, which was then tested for bioactivity, antioxidant capacity, and antibacterial activity using in-vitro and in silico assays. The antioxidant activity was avualated against DPPH and FRAP. With results of 69.63 RSA (%) (mu L/L AAE) at a concentration of 5 mL/L and 51.56 (mu L/L AAE) at concentration of 90 ppm in the 2,20-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, respectively, the extracted oil indicated considerable antioxidant activity. The extracted oil demonstrated powerful antibacterial activity in in-vitro tests against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, including Bordetella bronchiseptica (21 mm), Staphylococcus epidermidis (19 mm), and Staphylococcus aureus (19 mm), with significant minimal inhibitory (MIC) and minimum bactericidal (MIB) concentrations. Additionally, GC-MS analysis of the oil from E. globulus identified several low-molecular-weight compounds, including Eucalyptol, gamma-Terpinene, Shisool acetate, 1,3-trans,5-cis-Octatriene, 2,6-Dimethyl-1,3,5,7-octatetraene, E,E, Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene), Benzene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl), Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-, 3-methylbutyl ester, and 1,3,8-p-Menthatriene. Several other compounds were also identified, including Fenchol, 2-Methyl-trans-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydroindane, (E,E,E)-2,4,6-Octatriene, 1,2,3,6-Tetrahydrobenzylalcohol, acetate, Alloaromadendrene, Phenol, 2-ethyl-4,5-dimethyl, Phenol, 2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-, p-Cymen-7-ol, 1,5,5-Trimethyl-6-methylene-cyclohexene, 1,3-Cyclohexadiene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-, 2,6-Octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, acetate, (Z), and more. The bioactive potential of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil against 1AJ6 and 1R4U was highlighted by molecular docking analyses, suggesting its utility as a natural source of antioxidant and antibacterial compounds with the potential to replace chemical disinfectants in a variety of applications.
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| 2. |
- Haralur, Satheesh B., et al.
(författare)
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Maxillofacial prosthesis in a palliative care for terminally ill patient with squamous cell carcinoma
- 2013
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Ingår i: BMJ Case Reports. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1757-790X. ; 2013
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A 55-year-old man with combined surgical and radiation therapy for buccal mucosa required the prosthetic rehabilitation for full thickness facial cheek defect. Apart from the aesthetics concerns, he had several oral debilities like difficulty in speaking, eating and swallowing. Though the carcinoma is known for high rates of morbidity and mortality, it is an obligation of a prosthodontist to help the patient to have a dignified and normal social life for their remaining lifespan. Palliative dental care's main focus is to re-establish the quality of the remaining life, in addition to the alleviation of physical and psychological suffering of the far-advanced disease patients. This case report summarises the importance of maxillofacial prosthesis in a postoperative malignancy and palliative care. Copyright 2013 BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Haralur, Satheesh B., et al.
(författare)
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Prosthetic rehabilitation of a patient with adenoid cystic carcinoma with continuous orbital-maxillary defect
- 2013
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Ingår i: BMJ Case Reports. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1757-790X. ; 2013
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extensive head and neck surgical procedures severely affect vital functions, physical appearance and lead to huge psychological trauma in the patients. Well-constructed maxillofacial prosthesis will help them lead a normal social life for the remaining precious time. This case report explains the prosthetic rehabilitation of continuous orbital-maxillary surgical defect in a patient with adenoid cystic carcinoma with restricted mouth opening. Maxillofacial prosthesis needs individual modification to a treatment plan according to the defect and existing clinical conditions. In this case, magnetically retained three-piece prosthesis was designed because of high recurrence rate of the adenoid cystic carcinoma, lack of adequate bone for implants and limited mouth opening in the patient. The prosthesis restored the phonetics, aesthetics and deglutition of the patient by re-establishing the separation of oral-nasal-orbital cavities.
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| 4. |
- Kalra, Pawan, et al.
(författare)
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An investigation into the effect of denture adhesives on incisal bite force of complete denture wearers using pressure transducers : a clinical study
- 2012
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Ingår i: The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics. - : Korean Academy of Prosthodontics. - 2005-7806 .- 2005-7814. ; 4:2, s. 97-102
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Study was conducted to determine and assess the effect of different type of denture adhesives on the incisal bite force of complete denture wearers until the dislodgement of upper denture, using pressure transducer.MATERIALS AND METHODS: 30 patients out of 100 were included in the study. Based on the Kapur's method of scoring denture retention and stability, these patients were divided into 3 groups- Group A - Clinically good dentures; Group B - Clinically fair dentures; and Group C - Clinically poor dentures. A custom made occlusal force meter was constructed based on the load cell type of pressure transducers. Different adhesives (powder, paste and adhesive strips) were used in the study. Complete denture wearers were asked to bite on the load cell and the readings of incisal bite force were recorded. The readings of incisal bite force were subjected to statistical analysis using Repeated measures ANOVA followed by post-hoc bonferroni test.RESULTS: The result suggests that denture adhesives improved the incisal bite force of complete denture wearers significantly The incisal bite force (in kg) in Group A without using adhesives, with powder adhesive, with paste adhesive and with adhesive strips was found to be 2.48 (± 0.16), 3.43 (± 0.11), 6.01 (± 0.11), 3.22 (± 0.09) respectively. The incisal bite force (in kg) in Group B without using adhesives, with powder adhesive, with paste adhesive and with adhesive strips was found to be 1.87 (± 0.18), 3.35 (± 0.14), 5.34 (± 0.18), 3.21 (± 0.12) respectively. The incisal bite force (in kg) in Group C without using adhesives, with powder adhesive, with paste adhesive and with adhesive strips was found to be 1.00 (± 0.17), 3.07 (± 0.14), 4.37 (± 0.26), 2.99 (± 0.14) respectively.CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of the study, it was concluded that the use of denture adhesive was found to be significantly effective in improving the incisal bite force of complete dentures until the dislodgement of upper denture. Fittydent paste adhesive was found to be more effective than the powder and strips adhesives. The improvement in incisal bite force was found to be higher in Group C in comparison to that of Group A and Group B.
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| 5. |
- Rönnblom, Anton, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Unique fiber phenotype composition and metabolic properties of the stapedius and tensor tympani muscles in the human middle ear
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Anatomy. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0021-8782 .- 1469-7580. ; 243:1, s. 39-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The middle ear muscles have vital roles, yet their precise function in hearing and protection remains unclear. To better understand the function of these muscles in humans, the morphology, fiber composition, and metabolic properties of nine tensor tympani and eight stapedius muscles were analyzed with immunohistochemical, enzyme-histochemical, biochemical, and morphometric techniques. Human orofacial, jaw, extraocular, and limb muscles were used as references. The immunohistochemical analysis showed that the stapedius and tensor tympani muscles were markedly dominated by fibers expressing fast contracting myosin heavy chain MyHC-2A and MyHC-2X (79 ± 6% vs. 86 ± 9%, respectively, p = 0.04). In fact, the middle ear muscles had one of the highest proportions of MyHC-2 fibers ever reported for human muscles. Interestingly, the biochemical analysis revealed a MyHC isoform of unknown identity in both the stapedius and tensor tympani muscles. Muscle fibers containing two or more MyHC isoforms were relatively frequently observed in both muscles. A proportion of these hybrid fibers expressed a developmental MyHC isoform that is normally absent in adult human limb muscles. The middle ear muscles differed from orofacial, jaw, and limb muscles by having significantly smaller fibers (220 vs. 360 μm2, respectively) and significantly higher variability in fiber size, capillarization per fiber area, mitochondrial oxidative activity, and density of nerve fascicles. Muscle spindles were observed in the tensor tympani muscle but not in the stapedius muscle. We conclude that the middle ear muscles have a highly specialized muscle morphology, fiber composition, and metabolic properties that generally showed more similarities to orofacial than jaw and limb muscles. Although the muscle fiber characteristics in the tensor tympani and stapedius muscles suggest a capacity for fast, fine-tuned, and sustainable contractions, their difference in proprioceptive control reflects different functions in hearing and protection of the inner ear.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Shah, Farhan, et al.
(författare)
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Axon and Schwann Cell Degeneration in Nerves of Upper Airway Relates to Pharyngeal Dysfunction in Snorers and Patients With Sleep Apnea
- 2018
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Ingår i: Chest. - : Elsevier. - 0012-3692 .- 1931-3543. ; 154:5, s. 1091-1098
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The pathophysiologic mechanism of nocturnal obstruction and swallowing dysfunction commonly occurring in patients with sleep apnea is unclear. The goal of this study was to investigate whether nerve injuries in the upper airways of snorers and patients with sleep apnea are associated with pharyngeal dysfunction and severity of sleep apnea.METHODS: Twenty-two patients undergoing palatal surgery due to snoring and sleep apnea were investigated for a swallowing dysfunction by using videoradiography. Twelve healthy nonsnoring subjects were included as control subjects. Tissue samples from the soft palate at the base of the uvula were obtained in all patients and control subjects. Nerves and muscle were analyzed with immunohistochemical and morphologic methods, and the findings were correlated with swallowing function and degree of sleep apnea.RESULTS: In the soft palate of patients, nerve fascicles exhibited a significantly lower density of axons (5.4 vs 17.9 x 10(-3) axons/mu m(2); P = .02), a smaller percentage area occupied by Schwann cells (17.5% vs 45.2%; P = .001) and a larger number of circular shaped Schwann cells lacking central axons (43.0% vs 12.7%; P < 0.001) compared with control subjects. The low density of axons was significantly related to degree of swallowing dysfunction (r = 0.5; P = .03) and apnea-hypopnea index > 5 (P = .03). Regenerating axons were frequently observed in patients compared with control subjects (11.3 +/- 4.2% vs 4.8 +/- 2.4%; P = .02).CONCLUSIONS: Axon degeneration in preterminal nerves of the soft palate is associated with pharyngeal dysfunction in snorers and patients with sleep apnea. The most likely cause for the nerve injuries is traumatic snoring vibrations and tissue stretch, leading to swallowing dysfunction and increased risk for upper airway obstruction during sleep.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Shah, Farhan, et al.
(författare)
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Desmin and dystrophin abnormalities in upper airway muscles of snorers and patients with sleep apnea
- 2019
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Ingår i: Respiratory Research. - : BioMed Central. - 1465-993X .- 1465-9921. ; 20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pathophysiology of obstruction and swallowing dysfunction in snores and sleep apnea patients remains unclear. Neuropathy and to some extent myopathy have been suggested as contributing causes. Recently we reported an absence and an abnormal isoform of two cytoskeletal proteins, desmin, and dystrophin, in upper airway muscles of healthy humans. These cytoskeletal proteins are considered vital for muscle function. We aimed to investigate for muscle cytoskeletal abnormalities in upper airways and its association with swallowing dysfunction and severity of sleep apnea. Cytoskeletal proteins desmin and dystrophin were morphologically evaluated in the uvula muscle of 22 patients undergoing soft palate surgery due to snoring and sleep apnea and in 10 healthy controls. The muscles were analysed with immunohistochemical methods, and swallowing function was assessed using videoradiography. Desmin displayed a disorganized pattern in 21 +/- 13% of the muscle fibres in patients, while these fibers were not present in controls. Muscle fibres lacking desmin were present in both patients and controls, but the proportion was higher in patients (25 +/- 12% vs. 14 +/- 7%, p = 0.009). The overall desmin abnormalities were significantly more frequent in patients than in controls (46 +/- 18% vs. 14 +/- 7%, p < 0.001). In patients, the C-terminus of the dystrophin molecule was absent in 19 +/- 18% of the desmin-abnormal muscle fibres. Patients with swallowing dysfunction had 55 +/- 10% desmin-abnormal muscle fibres vs. 22 +/- 6% in patients without swallowing dysfunction, p = 0.002. Cytoskeletal abnormalities in soft palate muscles most likely contribute to pharyngeal dysfunction in snorers and sleep apnea patients. Plausible causes for the presence of these abnormalities is traumatic snoring vibrations, tissue stretch or muscle overload.
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| 10. |
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