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- Ruilope, LM, et al.
(författare)
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Design and Baseline Characteristics of the Finerenone in Reducing Cardiovascular Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease Trial
- 2019
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Ingår i: American journal of nephrology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9670 .- 0250-8095. ; 50:5, s. 345-356
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <b><i>Background:</i></b> Among people with diabetes, those with kidney disease have exceptionally high rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and progression of their underlying kidney disease. Finerenone is a novel, nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that has shown to reduce albuminuria in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) while revealing only a low risk of hyperkalemia. However, the effect of finerenone on CV and renal outcomes has not yet been investigated in long-term trials. <b><i>Patients and</i></b> <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The Finerenone in Reducing CV Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIGARO-DKD) trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared to placebo at reducing clinically important CV and renal outcomes in T2D patients with CKD. FIGARO-DKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, event-driven trial running in 47 countries with an expected duration of approximately 6 years. FIGARO-DKD randomized 7,437 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥25 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> and albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 to ≤5,000 mg/g). The study has at least 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in the risk of the primary outcome (overall two-sided significance level α = 0.05), the composite of time to first occurrence of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> FIGARO-DKD will determine whether an optimally treated cohort of T2D patients with CKD at high risk of CV and renal events will experience cardiorenal benefits with the addition of finerenone to their treatment regimen. Trial Registration: EudraCT number: 2015-000950-39; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02545049.
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| 2. |
- Wu, Y., et al.
(författare)
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A synchronization methodology for 3D offshore wind farm layout optimization with multi-type wind turbines and obstacle-avoiding cable network
- 2022
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Ingår i: Renewable energy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0960-1481 .- 1879-0682. ; 185, s. 302-320
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Offshore wind farms are increasingly becoming the focus of clean sources market because of the huge energy potential and fast-maturing technology. The existing researches normally optimize the wind turbine layout and two-dimensional cable routing independently. This work focuses on the synchronization optimization of site selection of the offshore wind farm, three-dimensional wind turbine layout and three-dimensional cable network routing based on meta-heuristic algorithms and geographic information systems. Several practical issues, i.e., restricted areas, power generation, cable network and energy loss, are taken into consideration. A two-layer model is proposed. The outer layer model is for the site selection and the wind turbine layout optimization. The inner layer model is for the obstacle-avoiding cable routing optimization. In this stage, the seabed terrain is considered for the first time. The proposed integrated model is complex and non-convex. Thus, a hybrid method including an improved ant colony optimization combined with genetic algorithm, dual-simplex method and Kruskal algorithm is proposed to search the solution more efficiently. The initialization stage of the hybrid method is improved from random assignment to directional assignment. The directional solution is obtained by the widely used genetic algorithm. A case study based on a real offshore wind farm is established to prove the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. The results show an over one million dollars increase in annual benefit compared with conventional methods.
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| 7. |
- Nakamura, Keisuke, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of low-temperature degradation on the mechanical and microstructural properties of tooth-colored 3Y-TZP ceramics
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of The Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 1751-6161 .- 1878-0180. ; 53, s. 301-311
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of low-temperature degradation (LTD) induced by autoclaving on the mechanical and microstructural properties of tooth-colored 3mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (3Y-TZP). In total, 162 disc-shaped 3Y-TZP specimens were prepared. Two-thirds of the specimens were shaded by either the infiltration or powder mixing methods while the remaining specimens were used without coloring. The specimens were autoclaved at 134°C for 0, 10, and 100h to induce LTD (n=18 for each group). Chemical compositions were analyzed with X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Biaxial flexural strength was measured using a piston-on-three-ball test. The surface fraction and penetration depth of the monoclinic phase were examined using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The tooth-colored 3Y-TZP specimens contained Fe2O3 and Er2O3 (infiltration technique), and Fe2O3 (powder mixing method) at concentrations of<0.5wt%. The tooth-colored 3Y-TZP had higher strength than the non-colored material after 100h of autoclaving. In terms of surface fraction and penetration depth, the generation of monoclinic phase was significantly lower in the tooth-colored 3Y-TZP than in the non-colored material. The tooth-colored 3Y-TZP possessed equivalent biaxial flexural strength to that of the non-colored material and higher resistance to LTD regardless of the coloring technique (infiltration technique or powder mixing method) when the coloring pigments were contained at concentrations used in the present study. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.
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| 9. |
- Zhu, Changlian, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Nuclear translocation and calpain-dependent reduction of Bcl-2 after neonatal cerebral hypoxia-ischemia
- 2010
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Ingår i: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. - : Elsevier BV. - 0889-1591. ; 24:5, s. 822-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Apoptosis-related mechanisms are important in the pathophysiology of hypoxic-ischemic injury in the neonatal brain. Caspases are the major executioners of apoptosis, but there are a number of upstream players that influence the cell death pathways. The Bcl-2 family proteins are important modulators of mitochondrial permeability, working either to promote or prevent apoptosis. In this study we focused on the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein after neonatal cerebral hypoxia-ischemia (HI) in 8-day-old rats. Bcl-2 translocated to nuclei and accumulated there over the first 24h of reperfusion after HI, as judged by immunohistochemistry and immuno-electron microscopy. We also found that the total level of Bcl-2 decreased after HI in vivo and after ionophore challenge in cultured human neuroblastoma (IMR-32) cells in vitro. Furthermore, the Bcl-2 reduction was calpain-dependent, because it could be prevented by the calpain inhibitor CX295 both in vivo and in vitro, suggesting cross-talk between excitotoxic and apoptotic mechanisms.
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