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- Tajkumar, T, et al.
(författare)
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Cervical carcinoma and sexual behavior: collaborative reanalysis of individual data on 15,461 women with cervical carcinoma and 29,164 women without cervical carcinoma from 21 epidemiological studies
- 2009
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention. - 1538-7755. ; 18:4, s. 1060-1069
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types cause most cervical carcinomas and are sexually transmitted. Sexual behavior therefore affects HPV exposure and its cancer sequelae. The International Collaboration of Epidemiological Studies of Cervical Cancer has combined data on lifetime number of sexual partners and age at first sexual intercourse from 21 studies, or groups of studies, including 10,773 women with invasive cervical carcinoma, 4,688 women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3)/carcinoma in situ, and 29,164 women without cervical carcinoma. Relative risks for invasive cancer and CIN3 were estimated by conditional logistic regression. Risk of invasive cervical carcinoma increased with lifetime number of sexual partners (P for linear trend <0.001). The relative risk for > or =6 versus 1 partner, conditioned on age, study, and age at first intercourse, was 2.27 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.98-2.61] and increased to 2.78 (95% CI, 2.22-3.47) after additional conditioning on reproductive factors. The risk of invasive cervical carcinoma increased with earlier age at first intercourse (P for linear trend <0.001). The relative risk for age at first intercourse < or =14 versus > or =25 years, conditioned on age, study, and lifetime number of sexual partners was 3.52 (95% CI, 3.04-4.08), which decreased to 2.05 (95% CI, 1.54-2.73) after additional conditioning on reproductive factors. CIN3/carcinoma in situ showed a similar association with lifetime number of sexual partners; however, the association with age at first intercourse was weaker than for invasive carcinoma. Results should be interpreted with caution given the strong correlation between sexual and reproductive factors and the limited information on HPV status.
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- Nevens, Frederik, et al.
(författare)
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A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Obeticholic Acid in Primary Biliary Cholangitis.
- 2016
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Ingår i: The New England journal of medicine. - 1533-4406. ; 375:7, s. 631-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Primary biliary cholangitis (formerly called primary biliary cirrhosis) can progress to cirrhosis and death despite ursodiol therapy. Alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin levels correlate with the risk of liver transplantation or death. Obeticholic acid, a farnesoid X receptor agonist, has shown potential benefit in patients with this disease.
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- Louie, Judy Z., et al.
(författare)
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Insulin resistance probability score and incident cardiovascular disease
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - 0954-6820. ; 294:4, s. 531-535
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, insulin immunoassay variability and scarce research of the elderly have hindered the adoption of IR assessment for CVD prevention. We asked whether the probability of having IR [p(IR)]—derived from insulin and C-peptide mass-spectrometry assays—was associated with CVD in the elderly. Methods: A random cohort was drawn from MPP, a population-based study of the elderly. After excluding those with missing data, CVD, or diabetes, 3645 participants (median age = 68) remained. Results: During follow-up (13.3 years), 794 incident CVD events were observed. p(IR) > 80% (n = 152) compared with p(IR) ≤ 80% was associated with incident CVD (HR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.12–2.05, p = 0.007) and CVD or all-cause mortality (HR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.16–1.77, p = 0.0009) after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, smoking, HDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, BMI, and prediabetes. Conclusion: High p(IR) was associated with >50% greater risk of incident CVD. IR assessment in the elderly may be warranted.
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- Shiffman, Dov, et al.
(författare)
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LDL subfractions are associated with incident cardiovascular disease in the Malmö Prevention Project Study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150. ; 263, s. 287-292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims After assessing the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) based on traditional risk factors, decisions concerning lipid lowering therapy might remain uncertain. To investigate whether lipoprotein subfraction levels could aid these decisions, we assessed the association between lipoprotein subfractions and CVD, after adjustment for traditional risk factors including standard lipids. Methods Using a case-cohort design, participants were randomly drawn from the Malmö Prevention Project (MPP), a population-based prospective study of 18,240 participants, and supplemented with additional incident CVD events (5764 participants, 1784 CVD events). Results Low density lipoprotein particle number (LDL-P) and individual subfractions ranging in size from very-small to large were associated with CVD (continuous p value (pcont) < 0.001) while adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, smoking, and diabetes. After further adjustment for LDL-C, HDL-C, and triglycerides, very small LDL subfraction (b) (LDL-VS (b)) remained associated with CVD (HR = 1.23, 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.43 for top vs. bottom quartile, pcont = 0.03). Among participants with low/intermediate risk [without diabetes and with LDL-C <3.36 mmol/L (<130 mg/dL)], the fully adjusted HR for LDL-small (top vs. bottom quartile) was 1.48 (95% CI 1.02 to 2.17, pcont = 0.03). Among those with very-high risk (>20% 10-year risk of CVD), LDL-VS(a) and LDL-VS(b) were associated with CVD in fully adjusted models (HR = 1.37, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.67 and HR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.53, respectively, pcont≤0.03). Conclusions Smaller LDL particles are associated with incident CVD independently of traditional risk factors, including standard lipids, in participants with low/intermediate and very-high risk, who might benefit from improved risk assessment.
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