| 1. |
- Altomonte, Sergio, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating integrated lighting projects - A Procedure to Post-Occupancy Evaluation of Daylight and Electrical Lighting Integrated Projects
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report presents tools for post-occupancy evaluation (POE) to evaluate indoor lighting of commissioned projects (‘case studies’) under a common framework. In this report, POE includes technical environmental assessment (TEA) and observer-based environmental assessment (OBEA). The framework proposed in this report evaluates four key aspects of the case study:1. Energy use (electrical lighting systems),2. Visual effects (Indoor lighting environment /photometry)3. Non-visual effects (circadian potential), and4. The user (subjective/surveys and observations)The report targets industry professionals, building designers, lighting designers, building managers, researchers and/or owners wishing to evaluate projects where lighting is supplied by a combination of electrical lighting, daylighting systems (e.g., fenestrations) and assisted technologies (e.g., smart sensors). The framework in this report makes available methods and procedures related to the evaluation of integrated lighting performance in residential and non-residential buildings and its impact on users, and it summarises and categorize methods and procedures in an accessible and industry-oriented language.The content of this document is based on methods and procedures used by participating experts in IEA SHC Task 61 for monitoring twenty-five worldwide integrated daylighting and electric lighting case studies. Since integrated lighting projects are different in type and scopes, the methods and procedures included in the framework do not follow a rigid protocol. Practitioners should use the framework to define the scope of POE monitoring in terms of the aims of the project, context, and resources available. The document is thus a toolbox for planning and executing the monitoring of their integrated lighting projects.
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| 2. |
- Altomonte, Sergio, et al.
(författare)
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Integrating daylighting and lighting in practice : Lessons learned from international case studies
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report presents lessons learned from twenty-five worldwide real-life case studies implementing the integration of daylighting and electric lighting. The case studies were monitored with respect to energy use for lighting, visual performance, non-visual performance, and users’ satisfaction. The monitoring is largely based on field measurements, but it is also complemented with simulations and calculations where needed.The report is divided in two parts. The first part provides an overview of the case studies and the overall lessons learned. The second part provides factsheets for each of the case studies; the factsheets include details on the monitoring, results, and specific lessons learned.Based on the lessons learned from the case studies, this report concludes that:• The energy demand for lighting is drastically reduced thanks to the combined effect of more efficient light sources, advances in controls, and raised awareness in the integration of daylighting and electric lighting.• Integrative lighting is currently driving the innovation in lighting technology and wider implementation is expected as knowledge in the field of non-visual requirements for lighting expands.• However, the current integration of the integrative lighting concept with daylighting in practice is limited, which may result in significant energy rebound (increases).• Daylighting integration is of utmost importance for achieving quality beyond energy savings.• Integrated daylighting and electric lighting design is facing new challenges: questions connected with comfort and health are yet to be answered
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| 3. |
- Gentile, Niko, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of integrated daylighting and electric lighting design projects: Lessons learned from international case studies
- 2022
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Ingår i: Energy and Buildings. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-7788. ; 268
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents and discusses the lessons learned from the monitoring of 25 integrated daylighting and electric lighting international case study projects. The case studies consist of real occupied buildings that have been monitored as part of the International Energy Agency (IEA) SHC Task 61/EBC Annex 77 Programme. The general goal of the case studies was to balance lighting energy use with occupants’ visual and non-visual requirements. This was achieved using innovative solutions for daylighting and electric lighting with advanced controls, but also implementing simple and out-of-the-box strategies. The findings suggest that energy demands for lighting can significantly be reduced by combining sensible daylight provision, efficient lighting sources, and advances in controls. Yet, the effective achievement of project goals requires adequate monitoring, fine-tuning, and verification. The findings also suggest that the adoption of “integrative” lighting – that is, lighting systems that address both visual and non-visual responses – is getting increasingly popular. Catering to non-visual requirements will likely drive further innovation in lighting technology. Currently, there is limited investment available for developing daylighting systems for integrative lighting, and the current related electric strategies often come at the risk of energy rebound effects. Overall, providing daylighting and understanding user requirements are fundamental steps towards achieving quality projects, with potential benefits beyond saving energy.
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| 4. |
- Gentile, Niko, et al.
(författare)
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Literature review - Energy saving potential of user-centered integrated lighting solutions
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report presents lessons learned from twenty-five worldwide real-life case studies implementing the integration of daylighting and electric lighting. The case studies were monitored with respect to energy use for lighting, visual performance, non-visual performance, and users’ satisfaction. The monitoring is largely based on field measurements, but it is also complemented with simulations and calculations where needed.The report is divided in two parts. The first part provides an overview of the case studies and the overall lessons learned. The second part provides factsheets for each of the case studies; the factsheets include details on the monitoring, results, and specific lessons learned.Based on the lessons learned from the case studies, this report concludes that:• The energy demand for lighting is drastically reduced thanks to the combined effect of more efficient light sources, advances in controls, and raised awareness in the integration of daylighting and electric lighting.• Integrative lighting is currently driving the innovation in lighting technology and wider implementation is expected as knowledge in the field of non-visual requirements for lighting expands.• However, the current integration of the integrative lighting concept with daylighting in practice is limited, which may result in significant energy rebound (increases).• Daylighting integration is of utmost importance for achieving quality beyond energy savings.• Integrated daylighting and electric lighting design is facing new challenges: questions connected with comfort and health are yet to be answered.
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| 5. |
- Fontoynont, Marc, et al.
(författare)
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Survey on opportunities and barriers in lighting controls
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report summarizes a survey performed in eight countries on the status quo of daylight and electric lighting control systems. Feedback from more than 100 international experts (building / facility managers and planers) was evaluated. The aim of the survey was to identify the perception of the different possibilities of the current lighting control solutions and the expectations about the control systems. The survey aims to provide a mapping of the current lighting control systems available at the market and an overview of which functions are perceived as most important and which areas are found to be improved. Participants of the survey had to rank each question in relation to the perceived importance and the need for improvement. The survey enclosed five general topics; energy, operational aspects, occupant control, occupant comfort and control functionality.The findings from the summary suggest, that the two main reasons for the implementation of lighting control systems are:1. The possibility to reduce the electric lighting consumptions and2. The opportunity to increase the user’s well-being and thereby reduce complaints from the users.From a user perspective, this means that the lighting system must ensure visual acuity and comfort by providing a sufficient level of illuminance and the ability to regulate the light level. Always in relation to the task and the ambient light in the space, and thereby creating a pleasant and comfortable light environment. Research suggests, when giving the users some manual control possibilities, the satisfaction with the lighting conditions in general increases The users should be able to both increase and dim the light levels or completely turn it off. Thissuggests, if the lighting control system is designed to regulate the illuminance automatically, it should be provided some kind of manual override. This is supported by the findings in the surveys, where all countries in one way oranother find it important to provide the users with some possibility of user control. This as well applies to the control of the shading system in relation to avoid glare from high daylight intensities and undesired solar radiationcoming into the space. This increases the risk of overheating, resulting in an increased ventilation and/or cooling need leading to a higher energy use. However, in the two Scandinavian countries, it is found less important withthe possibility to control the shadings in order to reduce glare from daylight and undesired heat transmission in the space. This may be due to the higher latitude and thereby a lower intensity of the daylight.In relation to the importance of user control, the findings additionally suggest, that the occupant control must be simple to operate. A control system which is easy for the users to understand intuitive, will most likely increase the chances of an ‘optimal’ interaction with the system. If the system does not meet the users need or is too complex to use, the possibility that the users will try to override the control systems increases, and this will most likely result in increased energy consumption.
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| 6. |
- Scorpio, Michelangelo, et al.
(författare)
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Effectiveness of low-cost non-invasive solutions for daylight and electric lighting integration to improve energy efficiency in historical buildings
- 2022
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Ingår i: Energy and Buildings. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-7788. ; 270
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article concerns a field study about the use of non-invasive manual lighting and shading control to save energy in listed buildings. The system was chosen to limit cabling and masonry work. The test room consists of an individual office located in a historical building in Southern Italy. The room was retrofitted with two roller shades (semi-transparent and blackout) and six LED-based pendants provided with step-dimming and three Correlated Colour Temperature options. Shading and lighting could be remotely controlled from the desk by six subjects who took part in the test for two weeks each. Behavioural interventions and a set back to default setting at the end of the working day were adopted to improve the test subjects’ energy behaviour. The results show that energy for lighting could be reduced between 15% and 71% compared to European benchmark, with wide range accounting for variability of individual preference and weather conditions. The savings are due to the computer-based work, the communication and engagement campaign, as well as the default settings. The findings suggest that simple manually controlled systems are energy and economic viable solution for listed buildings, since the system accommodates users’ needs, and proper training is provided to the users.
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| 7. |
- Scorpio, Michelangelo, et al.
(författare)
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Low-cost smart solutions for daylight and electric lighting integration in historical buildings
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 8th International Building Physics Conference. - : IOP Publishing. ; 2069
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research have shown that the correct integration of daylight and electric lighting reduces the energy use in buildings, while improving visual comfort. Smart shading systems, especially those electrically controlled, play an important role to control solar radiation. Similarly, smart and dimmable/tunable lighting can help to adjust the artificial light to the real users' needs. This paper presents preliminary results of an ongoing living lab study investigating how artificial lighting systems can be integrated with shading systems, placing human comfort at the heart of the study and yet saving energy. A manually controlled, commercial and low-cost smart system integrating two motorized shading devices and six dimmable LED luminaires with a different selection of CCT were installed in a private office in a historical building. Indoor and outdoor lighting conditions and energy consumption associated to the lighting system are constantly monitored to assess how the people use shading and lighting upon varying the boundary conditions.. Preliminary results highlight that users prefer to maximise daylight on the work plane as well as they generally use both shading and electric lighting systems in response to boundary conditions that cause serious discomfort.
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