| 1. |
- Gleisner, Jenny, Fil. dr. 1982-, et al.
(författare)
-
Differences in teaching female and male intimate examinations : A qualitative study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Medical Education. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0308-0110 .- 1365-2923. ; 54:4, s. 348-355
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ContextTeaching intimate examinations to medical students has been recognised as difficult because of the anxious feelings that the students may experience. For their professional development, previously incorporated understandings need to be relearned: how to transgress boundaries that regulate intimacy and physical closeness, learning to examine and touch other peoples' bodies, and talking about things that are otherwise taboo.ObjectivesThis paper compares how students learn to perform two intimate examinations: (i) the digital rectal examination (DRE) of the prostate, and (ii) the bimanual pelvic examination (PE) and analyses how norms and expectations affect how students learn to approach them.MethodsThis study is based on ethnographic work: in‐depth qualitative interviews with two urologists and nine medical students in semesters four, eight and 11 of a medical education programme in Sweden, observations of three learning sessions where 16 students performed the PE on professional patients, and 2 days of observations at a urology outpatient clinic.ResultsThe educational approach to the PE and DRE differ. The PE is taught as sensitive and to be handled with care, using a well‐documented learning concept including interpersonal and technical skills. The patient's exposed position in the gynaecological chair, possible previous negative experiences of PE or sexual exploitation are taken into account. In contrast, there is no educational concept for teaching the DRE. The students perform their first DRE on a clinical patient. The DRE is also handled with care, but with less sensitivity. The patients' possible previous negative experiences are not discussed and are thus made invisible.ConclusionsWell‐established routines in performing the PE help doctors and students to be attentive to patients' emotions and previous experiences, and remind them to perceive the examination as sensitive. Aligning the teaching of the DRE with that of the PE will improve how the male prostate patient is approached.
|
|
| 2. |
- Siwe, Karin, 1953-
(författare)
-
Att växa i gynstolen- en möjlighet genom empowerment?
- 2010. - 1:1
-
Ingår i: Genus och kön inom medicin och vårdutbildningar. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144059501 - 9144059507 ; , s. 135-149
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kvinnor och män är delvis lika, delvis olika. Det innebär att kvinnor och män både har behov av likadan behandling och av behandling som är anpassad till det egna könets förutsättningar. Denna antologi belyser kvinnors och mäns förutsättningar och behov inom en rad olika medicinska områden och tar upp både biologiska och sociala faktorer som påverkar hälsa och behandling. Den behandlar även den roll som kön spelar inom vårdens arbetsliv samt hur köns- och genusperspektiv kan integreras inom olika typer av medicin- och vårdutbildningar. Ett av bokens teman är våld, kränkningar och diskriminering, och inom ramen för detta behandlas några av de olika maktordningar som kommer till uttryck vid behandlingar inom hälso- och sjukvården. Antologin har en stor spännvidd när det gäller ämnen och författare. Förhoppningsvis ska den bredd som antologin uppvisar, leda fram till frågeställningar där läsaren utmanar sina förgivettaganden inom både genusvetenskap och mer traditionell medicin samt väcka nya frågor: Om könet snarare ses som en konstruktion än en fysisk realitet - kan då kvinnor lika gärna äta mediciner som är utprovade på män och opereras med metoder och verktyg anpassade till mäns fysiologi? Å andra sidan - hur objektiv är den naturvetenskapligt inriktade medicinska forskningen egentligen om man börjar granska den utifrån frågeställningar om perspektivval och genus? Antologin vänder sig till lärare på utbildningar inom medicin, hälsa och vård. Andra målgrupper är studenter på sådana utbildningar, vårdpersonal och en intresserad allmänhet.
|
|
| 3. |
- Siwe, Karin, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
-
Gynekologisk undersökning
- 2022. - 2
-
Ingår i: Reproduktiv hälsa. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144138237 ; , s. 105-120
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 4. |
- Siwe, Karin, 1953-
(författare)
-
Learning the Pelvic Examination
- 2007
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The inspiration for the present studies was the learning concept that used professional patients (PP) as instructors for medical students in learning how to perfom the pelvic examination (PE).Interviews performed with women who were PPs showed that they experienced a continuous beneficial increase in knowledge. This promoted personal development related to bodily awareness and affirmed their femininity, making them less vulnerable and reversing their approach to their own body of being an object to becoming a subject. The growing ability to contribute to students’ learning and the feeling of being valuable enhanced the PPs self-esteem and well-being and promoted independence in the learning situation. Being a PP was rewarding and contributed to the feeling of being empowered and growing as a woman in the examination chair.Two models of teaching the PE to medical students were compared: with PPs or with clinical patients (CP). The outcome showed that the PP students were more skilful in palpating the terus and ovaries and performed more PEs during the clinical clerkship than did CP students.Female and male medical students were interviewed after they had performed their first PE with PPs as instructors. The female students’ most obvious concern was about looking and touching another women’s vulva whereas male students were concerned about how to establish rapport with the PP. The interactive and supportive feedback from the PPs enabled the students to overcome their hesitation and encouraged creative learning of interpersonal and palpation skills. The LS positively enhanced the female students’ awareness of own bodies and promoted a deeper interest in PEs, both as an examiner and as patients. The male students became aware of the importance of creating a beneficial interaction with the woman and gained an insight into a previously “unknown” female world that deepened their understanding of women’s possible vulnerability during a PE.Women at an outpatient clinic participated in individual LSs about the female anatomy and the PE, and performed a PE on a mannequin prior to visiting the gynaecologist. Following the visit interviews were performed to gain a deeper understanding of the impact of the LS. The womens’ active participation during the LS generated increased self-confidence and knowledge, triggered emowerment and promoted a creative ability to interact subsequently during their own PE.Part of the studies involved developing a questionnaire to measure the fear of performing the pelvic examination, the Fear of Pelvic Examination Scale (F-PEXS). The questionnaire was shown to have a very good reliability (e.g. Cronbach alpha is .96) and good construct validity.Engaging voluntary, healthy and knowledgeable women as instructors in the PE situation creates a safe and ethical learning environment and promotes interaction with students. Immediate constructive feedback enables students to integrate communication and behavioural skills in a professional manner whilst learning to palpate the uterus, facilitating an inner security as a future examiner.The learning sessions were of benefit to the PPs, the female students in the PP model, and the women in the clinical study. The acquired knowledge started something positive within the women; a will to act and find out more about themselves. The LSs initiated empowerment in the sense that an empowered person has increased capacity to act in goal-directed ways.
|
|
| 5. |
- Wijma, Barbro, 1944-, et al.
(författare)
-
Att vilja eller inte vilja.
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 99, s. 1716-1719
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
