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- Godenhjelm, Sebastian, et al.
(författare)
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Projectification in the public sector – the case of the European Union
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Managing Projects in Business. - 1753-8378 .- 1753-8386. ; 8:2, s. 324-348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to establish an understanding of what projectification means, how projectification is driven forward, as well as what the consequences of projectification are in an European Union (EU) context, and in the public sector in general.Design/methodology/approachThe research methods consist of a literature review as well as a meta-analysis of key EU policy documents related to the functioning of regional development and projects. The paper shows that structural developments brought forth by a projectification in a public sector context have significant consequences.FindingsWithout contextually sensitive interlinking mechanisms between temporary and permanent structures projects risk losing their flexible and innovative qualities, and may fragment the ability of permanent organisations for maintaining coordination and continuity. The findings suggests that the proximity of permanent organisations, the discretion of entrepreneurship, the political priority of the task, the inclusion of competencies and interests, and the quality of transfer mechanisms are essential variables in explaining the outcome of temporary organisations in a politico-administrative context.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper contributes to the literature on projects in a public sector context and suggests that comparative research on the drivers and consequences of public sector projectification in supranational as well as national contexts is needed.Practical implicationsThe increasing requirements for applied project management skills and methods as criteria for project selection in the public sector highlight the importance of a broader theoretical and practical understanding of projectification.Originality/valueThe paper adds a new dimension to the projectification debate by presenting a descriptive and conceptual discussion about the consequences of public sector projectification in an EU context. It complements an existing theory of the temporary organisation and takes the first steps towards a theory applicable to projectification in a public context.
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- Godenhjelm, Sebastian, et al.
(författare)
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Projects as enabling strategy and restrictive implementation structure – implications for change and innovation in the Public Sector
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Research Society on Public Management Conference, Budapest, 2017.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Challenges brought on by both global and domestic developments have increased the need to transform society and the economy by means of new operating models and structures. As a result, the increasing use of temporary governance mechanism such as the proliferation of projects can be regarded as one of the most significant changes within the contemporary public sector. The developments brought forth by an increasing use of projects include both possibilities and challenges. The possibilities, for instance, relate to the assumption that projects are able to operate in complex environments compared to traditional bureaucratic structures. The isolation of issues and focus on outputs makes them attractive tools by which innovations are expected to emerge, and they include an element of order in complex and at times “wicked” environments. Particularly the Nordic countries have witnessed a considerable increase in collaborative structures such as projects, partnerships and networks for facilitating innovation and change. Projects include a strong element of change and have even been referred to as innovative learning organisations. Their ability to cut across organizational boundaries and include relevant stakeholder suggest that they have the necessary preconditions for innovations to emerge. These preconditions not only include the projects´ ability to foster a new way of thinking but also the ability to forget previous knowledge in order to learn something new. The expectation is that the results achieved in projects will be transferred to either other project organisations or more permanent organisations, structures or networks with ease. This paper analyses the extent to which this happens in a public sector context. The use of projects in a public sector are to a great extent embedded in a complex institutional context, which to a great extent rests on a logic paved by permanency, coordination and continuity. There are, however, still considerable ambiguities as for the specific institutional prerequisites favouring a long-term consolidation of innovative actions and impacts, particularly in a public context. While previous research has acknowledged the need to expand traditional theories of temporary organisations, and that the contextual embeddedness and institutional recoupling of the results obtained by projects in the public sector need to be addressed, the key mechanisms for facilitating impacts of public sector project innovations in order to secure the long-term utilization of project innovations remain unclear. The significance of the underlying permanent structure in enabling or hindering the implementation of innovative project results has so far been neglected in both the contemporary project management and the extensive governance debate. The purpose of this paper is to present a theoretical discussion about the challenge of transferring innovative results gains in projects to permanent organisations in a public sector context and how this can be studied. The paper thus falls within the critical project management paradigm and aims to contribute to a more pluralistic understanding of projects beyond traditional project management heritage.
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- Golling, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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A comparative study of different failure modeling strategies on a laboratory scale test component
- 2017
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Ingår i: 6th International Conference Hot Sheet Metal Forming of High-Performance Steel CHS2. - Warrendale, PA : Association for Iron & Steel Technology, AIST. - 9781935117667 ; , s. 37-46
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ultra-high strength steel (UHSS) has become a common material in the automotive industry during the last decades. The technique of press hardening allows modifying and tailoring the material properties of the blank in accordance with desired performance.In the present work, a laboratory scale test component is developed. On basis of tests on the component it is intended to investigate the deformation and fracture behavior of a boron alloyed steel after different heat treatments. The tooling is developed to allow the production of single phase microstructures like martensite and bainite as well as mixed microstructures containing ferrite. Testing of the component is performed in a standard tensile testing machine with additional digital speckle measurements to determine the strain to fracture in the critical cross section. The initial geometry shape introduces bending in the critical cross-section during tensile loading of the specimen.The aim of this work is to compare different material models on a component like level, including the prediction of failure. A finite element model of a laboratory scale component is analyzed using LS-Dyna. To compare different failure modeling approaches a set of damage models is calibrated to full hardened, martensitic steel. The deformation and fracture behavior of the component is presented in terms of load-displacement, plastic strain-stress triaxiality as well as in principal strain space.
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- Gyllensten, Ulf B., et al.
(författare)
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Next Generation Plasma Proteomics Identifies High-Precision Biomarker Candidates for Ovarian Cancer
- 2022
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Ingår i: Cancers. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6694. ; 14:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simple Summary Ovarian cancer is the eighth most common cancer among women and has a 5-year survival of only 30-50%. The survival is close to 90% for patients in stage I but only 20% for patients in stage IV. The presently available biomarkers have insufficient sensitivity and specificity for early detection and there is an urgent need to identify novel biomarkers. The aim of our study was to broadly measure protein biomarkers to find tests for the early detection of ovarian cancer. We found that combinations of 4-7 protein biomarkers can provide highly accurate detection of early- and late-stage ovarian cancer compared to benign conditions. The performance of the tests was then validated in a second independent cohort. Background: Ovarian cancer is the eighth most common cancer among women and has a 5-year survival of only 30-50%. The survival is close to 90% for patients in stage I but only 20% for patients in stage IV. The presently available biomarkers have insufficient sensitivity and specificity for early detection and there is an urgent need to identify novel biomarkers. Methods: We employed the Explore PEA technology for high-precision analysis of 1463 plasma proteins and conducted a discovery and replication study using two clinical cohorts of previously untreated patients with benign or malignant ovarian tumours (N = 111 and N = 37). Results: The discovery analysis identified 32 proteins that had significantly higher levels in malignant cases as compared to benign diagnoses, and for 28 of these, the association was replicated in the second cohort. Multivariate modelling identified three highly accurate models based on 4 to 7 proteins each for separating benign tumours from early-stage and/or late-stage ovarian cancers, all with AUCs above 0.96 in the replication cohort. We also developed a model for separating the early-stage from the late-stage achieving an AUC of 0.81 in the replication cohort. These models were based on eleven proteins in total (ALPP, CXCL8, DPY30, IL6, IL12, KRT19, PAEP, TSPAN1, SIGLEC5, VTCN1, and WFDC2), notably without MUCIN-16. The majority of the associated proteins have been connected to ovarian cancer but not identified as potential biomarkers. Conclusions: The results show the ability of using high-precision proteomics for the identification of novel plasma protein biomarker candidates for the early detection of ovarian cancer.
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