| 1. |
- Kamoun, Aurélie, et al.
(författare)
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A Consensus Molecular Classification of Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Urology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0302-2838. ; 77:4, s. 420-433
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is a molecularly diverse disease with heterogeneous clinical outcomes. Several molecular classifications have been proposed, but the diversity of their subtype sets impedes their clinical application. Objective: To achieve an international consensus on MIBC molecular subtypes that reconciles the published classification schemes. Design, setting, and participants: We used 1750 MIBC transcriptomic profiles from 16 published datasets and two additional cohorts. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: We performed a network-based analysis of six independent MIBC classification systems to identify a consensus set of molecular classes. Association with survival was assessed using multivariable Cox models. Results and limitations: We report the results of an international effort to reach a consensus on MIBC molecular subtypes. We identified a consensus set of six molecular classes: luminal papillary (24%), luminal nonspecified (8%), luminal unstable (15%), stroma-rich (15%), basal/squamous (35%), and neuroendocrine-like (3%). These consensus classes differ regarding underlying oncogenic mechanisms, infiltration by immune and stromal cells, and histological and clinical characteristics, including outcomes. We provide a single-sample classifier that assigns a consensus class label to a tumor sample's transcriptome. Limitations of the work are retrospective clinical data collection and a lack of complete information regarding patient treatment. Conclusions: This consensus system offers a robust framework that will enable testing and validation of predictive biomarkers in future prospective clinical trials. Patient summary: Bladder cancers are heterogeneous at the molecular level, and scientists have proposed several classifications into sets of molecular classes. While these classifications may be useful to stratify patients for prognosis or response to treatment, a consensus classification would facilitate the clinical use of molecular classes. Conducted by multidisciplinary expert teams in the field, this study proposes such a consensus and provides a tool for applying the consensus classification in the clinical setting.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Andersen, J. R., et al.
(författare)
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Small-x phenomenology - Summary of the 3rd Lund small-x workshop in 2004
- 2006
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 48:1, s. 53-105
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- A third workshop on small-x physics, within the Small-x Collaboration, was held in Hamburg in May 2004 with the aim of overviewing recent theoretical progress in this area and summarizing the experimental status.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bhuiyan, Iftekhar Uddin, et al.
(författare)
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Consideration of X-ray microtomography to quantitatively determine the size distribution of bubble cavities in iron ore pellets
- 2013
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Ingår i: Powder Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0032-5910 .- 1873-328X. ; 233, s. 312-318
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- X-ray microtomography data of iron ore green pellets of approx. 12 mm in diameter were recorded using a commercial instrument. The reconstructed volume after thresholding represented a unique dataset consisting of a three-dimensional distribution of equiaxed objects corresponding to bubble cavities. This dataset was used to successfully validate a stereological method to determine the size distribution of spherical objects dispersed in a volume. This was achieved by investigating only a few cross-sectional images of this volume and measuring the profiles left by these objects in the cross-sectional images. Excellent agreement was observed between the size distribution of the bubble cavities obtained by directly classifying their size in the reconstructed volume and that estimated by applying the aforementioned stereological method to eight cross-sectional images of the reconstructed volume. Subsequently, we discuss the possibility of calibrating X-ray tomography data quantitatively using the size distribution of the bubble cavities as a figure of merit and the results obtained by applying the stereological method to SEM images as reference data. This was justified by considering the validity of the stereological method demonstrated by tomography, the accurate thresholding made possible by back-scattered electron imaging and the solid reproducibility of the results obtained by SEM. Using different threshold values for binarization of the X-ray microtomography data and comparing the results to those obtained by SEM, we found that X-ray microtomography can be used after proper calibration against SEM data to measure the total porosity of the bubble cavities but can only provide a rough estimate of the median diameter because of the limited resolution achieved in this study.
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| 6. |
- Casselgren, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Model-based winter road classification
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Vehicle Systems Modelling and Testing. - 1745-6436 .- 1745-6444. ; 7:3, s. 268-284
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An investigation of different road conditions has been conducted using a short-wave infrared (SWIR) light online sensor to examine the possibility of estimating road condition parameters such as porosity, depth and roughness. These parameters are essential for non-contact road friction estimation. The investigation show that it is possible to detect changes of depths of water and ice as well as classify different types of ice, by utilising polarised short-wave infrared (SWIR) light and a modified Hapke directional reflectance model
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| 7. |
- Dahlin, T., et al.
(författare)
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Embankment dam seepage evaluation from resistivity monitoring data
- 2008
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Methods for monitoring seepage are important for dam safety of embankment dams. Increased seepage may be associated with internal erosion in the dam, and internal erosion is one of the main reasons for dam failures. Internal erosion progresses inside the dam, and is difficult to detect by conventional methods. Therefore, there is a need for new or improved methods. The resistivity method is a non-destructive method that may accomplish this task. A method for evaluating the seepage from resistivity monitoring data is theoretically described and tested for four selected areas in the foundation of the Sädva dam. Seasonal resistivity variations are apparent in the reservoir as well as inside the dam. The four selected areas represent areas with low, via intermediate to high variations in the seasonal resistivity variation. The areas are compared qualitatively and thereby permeable zones within the dam may be identified. Quantitative assessment of the seepage flow is also carried out as an initial test of the described method. It is concluded that the experiences from the Sädva dam are valuable for the application of the resistivity method on embankment dams. The presented method is a promising first step for quantitative assessment of seepage.
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| 9. |
- Gerjy, Roger, et al.
(författare)
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Randomized clinical trial of stapled haemorrhoidopexy performed under local perianal block versus general anaesthesia
- 2008
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 95:11, s. 1344-1351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim was to assess the feasibility of performing stapled haemorrhoidopexy under local anaesthesia. Methods: Fifty-eight patients with haemorrhoid prolapse were randomized to receive local or general anaesthesia. The perianal block was applied immediately peripheral to the external sphincter. Submucosal block was added after applying the purse-string suture. Patients reported average and peak pain daily for 14 days using a visual analogue scale (VAS). They also completed anal symptom questionnaires before the operation and at follow-up. The surgeon assessed the restoration of the anal anatomy 3-6 months after surgery. Results: The anal block was sufficient in all patients. The mean accumulated VAS score for average pain was 23·1 in the general anaesthesia group and 29·4 in the local anaesthesia group (P = 0·376); mean peak pain scores were 42·1 and 47·9 respectively (P = 0·537). Mean change in symptom load was also similar between the groups, with score differences of 7·0 in the general anaesthesia group and 6·1 in the local anaesthesia group. No patient had a recurrence of prolapse. Conclusion: Perianal local block is easy to apply with a high degree of acceptability among patients. Postoperative pain, restoration of anatomy and symptom resolution were similar to that of stapled haemorrhoidopexy performed under general anaesthesia.
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| 10. |
- Hallböök, Olof, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Safety of the temporary loop ileostomy
- 2002
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Ingår i: Colorectal Disease. - : Wiley. - 1462-8910 .- 1463-1318. ; 4:5, s. 361-364
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To evaluate the complications of the temporary loop ileostomy. Method. A retrospective study of 222 consecutive patients with low anterior resection, ileal pouch-anal anastomosis or continent ileostomy and a diverting loop ileostomy routinely fashioned during the primary operation. The loop ileostomy was closed in 213 patients (96%) during the minimum follow-up period of 15 months. Results. Four patients (2%) required preterm closure of the ostomy due to stomal retraction (n = 3) or bowel obstruction (n = 1). Four patients were readmitted due to transient bowel obstruction that resolved without surgery. After closure of the loop ileostomy a total of 27 patients (13%) had complications. In 7 patients emergency re-operation was done due to small bowel obstruction (n = 5) or intra-abdominal abscess (n = 2). Elective re-operation was done in 5 patients for hernia at the site of the previous stoma. Despite the use of a loop ileostomy there was 1 postoperative death after the initial operation in consequence of anastomotic leakage. There was 1 death in consequence of closure of the loop ileostomy after 3 weeks due to intra-abdominal sepsis and heart failure. Conclusion. In this series closure of the ostomy was associated with one death (0.5%) and overall ostomy-related morbidity included the need to re-operate in 6%.
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