| 1. |
- Bay, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
-
Gaming the System
- 2011
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Critical Accounting. - : Inderscience Enterprises. - 1757-9856 .- 1757-9848. ; 3:1, s. 5-17
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores whether financial markets are games, using exchange traded derivatives, those quintessential speculative instruments, as the primary vehicle. The phrase “gaming the system” usually means taking advantage of the system; that is to say, specifically turning some-thing performing a productive social function to one’s own enjoyable ends. But “gaming the system” can also mean generally transforming a system with productive purposes into one whose purpose is enjoyment. Some might say that this is just what has occurred in recent years to financial markets with the explosion in derivatives.
|
|
| 2. |
- Bois, Lisa
(författare)
-
Företagares agerande för hembygdens utveckling
- 2017
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis describes the connection between mundane societalentrepreneurship and local area development in a rural sparsely populatedcontext. It is a qualitative study from a holistic view on the actors. The empiricalwork consists of three deep case studies from one of the most sparsely populatedregions in Europe. The ongoing activities in these rural villages are described fromdifferent perspectives focused on who is the local entrepreneur and how did theyachieve what they have done. The method was to listen to the whole story fromdifferent perspectives. The results from the deep interviews were thematicallyanalysed to find similarities between the different cases. These similarities werethen the base for a new model of the attributes needed among the actors in avillage to reach local area development and one model of what roles a localentrepreneur can play to start up activities for local area development.One key result in the study was the varieties of reasons to act among the actorsand their similarities in results on the local area development. Regardless of whattheir motivation was according to different kinds of entrepreneurship models, theiractions all had similar effect on the local area development.The main scientific counts here were; the connection between mundane actionsand their role to teach and inspire others to start acting or learn more about specificfields. One other empirical contribution is the importance of having fun whiledeveloping networks and making volunteers work hard to reach a common goal.The Model of Attributes needed for Local Area Development from a holistic actorperspective and the similar results in local area development regardless of theentrepreneurial motivation to act in the different cases are other contributions.
|
|
| 3. |
- Lindholm, Christer, et al.
(författare)
-
Invasive cutaneous malignant melanoma in Sweden, 1990-1999. A prospective, population-based study of survival and prognostic factors.
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0008-543X .- 1097-0142. ; 101:9, s. 2067-78
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The objective of the current study was to compile prospective, population-based data on cutaneous invasive melanomas in Sweden during the period from 1990 to 1999, to describe and analyze survival data and prognostic factors, and to make comparisons with previously published Swedish and international data. METHODS: Twelve thousand five hundred thirty-three patients, which included 97% of all registered melanomas in Sweden, were included and described. Among these, 9515 patients with clinical Stage I and II melanoma were included in an analysis of survival and in a univariate analysis, and 6191 patients were included in a multivariate analysis of prognostic factors. RESULTS: There was no significant change in melanoma incidence during 1990-1999. Favorable prognostic factors were found, especially in younger and female patients, resulting in a relative 5-year survival rate of 91.5%. In the multivariate analysis, significant factors that had a negative effect on survival were Clark level of invasion, Breslow thickness, ulceration, older patient age, trunk location, greatest tumor dimension, nodular histogenetic type, and male gender. CONCLUSIONS: During the period from 1990 to 1999, the 5-year survival of patients with malignant melanoma in Sweden was better compared with the previously reported rates in published, population-based studies from Sweden, probably as a result of better secondary prevention due to better knowledge and awareness by both patients and the medical profession. The more favorable prognostic factors and the change in melanoma location found in younger patients, compared with earlier reports, may reflect changes in clothing as well as tanning habits; however, a decrease also was found in Clark Level II and thin melanomas for the same patient group. The authors concluded that further improvements can be achieved with better access to health care and with the use of early melanoma detection campaigns.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- McGoun, Elton G., et al.
(författare)
-
Crash: Porsches and Portfolios at the End of the Road
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Accountancy Business and the Public Interest. - 1745-7718. ; 7:2, s. 67-88
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- What is it that driving and investing have in common? Strangely enough, it is that Porsches and portfolios can both end in crashes, and it is no coincidence that we use the same word for both. Although we may be risk averse with respect to the routine annoyances on the roads or the routine price fluctuations in the markets, we have a fatal attraction to the mortally or financially terminal events to which driving and investing expose us. It is the possibility of a crash; that is, the possibility of death or ruin, that makes both driving and investing that much more exciting. Our attitudes towards risk form a peculiar duality; risk repels us AND attracts us at the same time.
|
|
| 6. |
- Neilands, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
-
The effect of delmopinol and fluoride on acid adaptation and acid production in dental plaque biofilms
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Archives of Oral Biology. - : Elsevier. - 0003-9969 .- 1879-1506. ; 59:3, s. 318-323
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of delmopinol and fluoride alone or in combination on acid adaptation and acid production in plaque biofilm bacteria in vitro. DESIGN: The effect of delmopinol and fluoride on acid adaptation was tested by exposing the biofilm bacteria, grown in a mini-flow cell system under static conditions, to pH 5.5 overnight in the presence of 0.16 mM delmopinol, 1 mF NaF or a combination of both. The following day, acid adaptation was evaluated by exposing the cells to an acid challenge for 2h at a pH known to kill non-adapted cells (pH 2.5). The cells were stained using LIVE/DEAD BacLight Viability stain and the number of viable (acid tolerant) cells was determined using confocal scanning laser microscopy. Control cells were treated in the same manner but without the exposure to delmopinol or fluoride. How delmopinol and fluoride affected acid production was assessed by measuring the pH-drop after glucose pulsing in the presence of delmopinol and/or different concentrations of fluoride. RESULTS: Fluoride alone or in combination with delmopinol affected the acid adaptation and significantly reduced the acid tolerance of the plaque biofilm. This effect was more pronounced when the two compounds were combined. Delmopinol alone did not affect acid adaptation. A combination of delmopinol and fluoride also reduced acid production at concentrations where neither of the compounds in isolation had an effect. CONCLUSION: Fluoride and delmopinol can work synergistically to affect acid adaptation and acid production in plaque biofilm bacteria.
|
|
| 7. |
- Sjödin, Elin, et al.
(författare)
-
Intestinal and hepatobiliary transport of ximelagatran and its metabolites in pigs
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Drug Metabolism And Disposition. - : American Society for Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET). - 0090-9556 .- 1521-009X. ; 36:8, s. 1519-1528
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The direct thrombin inhibitor melagatran is formed from ximelagatran via two intermediate metabolites, OH-melagatran and ethylmelagatran. The biotransformation of ximelagatran does not involve cytochrome P450 isoenzymes, and it has been suggested that a reported interaction with erythromycin may instead be mediated by transport proteins. A pig model that simultaneously enables bile collection, sampling from three blood vessels and perfusion of a jejunal segment, was used to investigate the biotransformation of ximelagatran and the effect of erythromycin on the intestinal and hepatobiliary transport of ximelagatran and its metabolites. The pigs received enteral ximelagatran (n = 6), enteral ximelagatran together with erythromycin (n = 6), i.v. ximelagatran (n = 4), or i.v. melagatran (n = 4). The plasma exposure of the intermediates was found to depend on the route of ximelagatran administration. Erythromycin increased the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of melagatran by 45% and reduced its biliary clearance from 3.0 +/- 1.3 to 1.5 +/- 1.1 ml/min/kg. Extensive biliary exposure of melagatran and ethylmelagatran, mediated by active transport, was evident from the 100- and 1000-fold greater AUC, respectively, in bile than in plasma. Intestinal efflux transporters seemed to be of minor importance for the disposition of ximelagatran and its metabolites considering the high estimated f(abs) of ximelagatran (80 +/- 20%) and the negligible amount of the compounds excreted in the perfused intestinal segment. These findings suggest that transporters located at the sinusoidal and/or canalicular membranes of hepatocytes determine the hepatic disposition of ximelagatran and its metabolites, and are likely to mediate the ximelagatran-erythromycin pharmacokinetic interaction.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Sjödin, Ulrika
(författare)
-
A Principle-Based regulation of the financial markets in Europe?
- 2014
-
Ingår i: 16TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON EUROPEAN INTEGRATION. SWEDISH NETWORK FOR EUROPEAN STUDIES IN ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS (SNEE).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- AbstractIn the early 2000s, a new more effective type of financial regulation was discussed and implemented, the so-called principles-based regulation (PBR). PBR is a modern regulation better suited to the financial market’s rapid changes and product development than the classic type of regulation. The regulation means that the undesirable behaviors are listed in general principles, rather than to specify this in detail in advance. In this way flexibility is gained that gives authorizes some freedom to act retrospectively. Today, however, in the aftermaths of the financial crisis, many European countries want tighter regulation of financial markets. This is a documentary study of the PBR objectives and the underlying motives of England’s financial supervisory authority (FSA) in the years 1998-2012. The analysis shows that FSA’s targets are primarily economic rather than moral: increase market efficiency and reduce costs for financial firms and for the FSA, and this agenda seems superior to the consumer protection goal. The objective to “maintain confidence” means that the focus is on protecting the reputation of the financial industry and of the Financial Services authority. These kinds of goals and communication can have the opposite effect of undeservingly eroding the confidence in the new type of Principle Based Regulation.
|
|
