| 1. |
- Buckland, Philip I., Dr. 1973-, et al.
(författare)
-
The intricate details of using research databases and repositories for environmental archaeology data
- 2022
-
Ingår i: ArcheoLogica Data. - Sesto Fiorentino : All’Insegna del Giglio. - 2785-0307. ; 2, s. 15-29
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental archaeology is a complex mix of empirical analysis and qualitative interpretation.It is increasingly data science oriented, and databases and online resources are becoming increasinglyimportant in large scale synthesis research on changes in climate, environments and human activities.Research funders, journals and universities place much emphasis on the use of data repositories toensure transparency and reusability in the research process. Although these are important, researchersthemselves, however, may have more use for research databases which are oriented more towardsadvanced querying and exploratory data analysis than conforming to archiving standards. This paperexplores the pros and cons of these different approaches. It also discusses and problematizes somekey concepts in research data management, including the definitions of data and metadata, along withthe FAIR principles. Research examples are provided from a broad field of environmental archaeologyand palaeoecology. In contrast to most publications, the developer’s perspective is also included, anda worked example using the Strategic Environmental Archaeology Database (SEAD) to investigate fossilbeetle data demonstrates the implementation of some of this in the real world. This example may befollowed online using the SEAD browser, and all described data downloaded from there. After providingboth encouragement and warnings on the use of digital resources for synthesis research, some suggestionsare made for moving forward.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Bjureland, William, et al.
(författare)
-
Probability distributions of shotcrete parameters for reliability-based analyses of rock tunnel support
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. - : Elsevier. - 0886-7798 .- 1878-4364. ; 87, s. 15-26
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A common support measure for underground excavations in jointed rock masses to support loose blocks is to apply a thin shotcrete layer to the periphery of the excavation and systematically install rockbolts into the surrounding rock mass. In this support system, large blocks are carried by the rockbolts and small blocks are carried by the thin shotcrete layer. To verify the shotcrete layer's load-bearing capacity and to stringently account for the large uncertainties incorporated in the variables involved in determining its capacity, analytical calculations in combination with reliability-based methods can be used. However, a lack of knowledge exists regarding the magnitude and uncertainty of shotcrete characteristics (thickness, adhesion, flexural tensile strength, residual flexural tensile strength, and compressive strength), making it difficult to apply reliability-based methods. A statistical quantification of these characteristics is therefore important to facilitate reliability-based methods in design and verification of shotcrete support. In this paper, we illustrate how shotcrete support against small loose blocks can be viewed as a correlated conditional structural system and how this system can be analyzed using reliability-based methods. In addition, we present a unique amount of data for the aforementioned variables, which are all incorporated in the design and verification of a shotcrete layer's ability to sustain loads from small loose blocks. Based on the presented data, we statistically quantify and propose suitable probability distributions for each variable. Lastly, we illustrate how the proposed probability distributions can be used in the design process to calculate the probability of exceeding the shotcrete's load-bearing capacity. Both the probabilistic quantification and the defined correlated conditional structural system along with the illustrative calculation example are followed by a discussion of their implications.
|
|
| 4. |
- Bonnedahl, Karl Johan, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
-
Social innovation för hållbar utveckling
- 2022. - 1
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Brännande samhällsutmaningar i form av bland annat segregation, ohälsa och ekologisk obalans skapar efterfrågan på nytänkande lösningar som inte bara följer en ekonomisk logik utan också är socialt och miljömässigt hållbara. I antologin presenteras aktuell svensk forskning om social innovation för hållbar utveckling, med koppling till Agenda 2030. Forskare från olika discipliner och lärosäten belyser detta i förhållande till exempelvis stadsutveckling, arbetslivsinkludering, naturbaserad rehabilitering och skola. Hybridorganisering, samverkan mellan olika aktörer och en ny samhällsekonomisk styrning tas också upp. Tillsammans ger antologins kapitel en bild av det växande forskningsfältet social innovation, med tillämpning mot hållbar utveckling. Därmed diskuteras potentialen i att sammanföra dessa perspektiv för att stärka bidragen till vetenskaplig och praktisk utveckling. Social innovation för hållbar utveckling riktar sig till forskare, studenter och praktiker inom innovationsområdet, exempelvis innovatörer, innovationsfrämjare, politiker och tjänstepersoner, samt andra intresserade.Boken är framtagen i samarbete med Mötesplats Social Innovation.
|
|
| 5. |
- Carrasco, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
The Tonsil Lymphocyte Landscape in Pediatric Tonsil Hyperplasia and Obstructive Sleep Apnea
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-3224. ; 12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tonsil hyperplasia is the most common cause of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Despite the growing knowledge in tissue immunology of tonsils, the immunopathology driving tonsil hyperplasia and OSA remains unknown. Here we used multi-parametric flow cytometry to analyze the composition and phenotype of tonsillar innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), T cells, and B cells from pediatric patients with OSA, who had previous polysomnography. Unbiased clustering analysis was used to delineate and compare lymphocyte heterogeneity between two patient groups: children with small tonsils and moderate OSA (n = 6) or large tonsils and very severe OSA (n = 13). We detected disturbed ILC and B cell proportions in patients with large tonsils, characterized by an increase in the frequency of naive CD27(-)CD21(hi) B cells and a relative reduction of ILCs. The enrichment of naive B cells was not commensurate with elevated Ki67 expression, suggesting defective differentiation and/or migration rather than cellular proliferation to be the causative mechanism. Finally, yet importantly, we provide the flow cytometry data to be used as a resource for additional translational studies aimed at investigating the immunological mechanisms of pediatric tonsil hyperplasia and OSA.
|
|
| 6. |
- Edvardsson, Johannes, et al.
(författare)
-
Old wood in a new light : an online dendrochronological database
- 2023
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Wood Culture. - : Brill Academic Publishers. - 2772-3194 .- 2772-3186. ; 3:1-3, s. 442-463
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Old Wood in a New Light database project focuses on the digitization and accessibility of the results of dendrochronological samples analyzed and archived at four Swedish university-based tree-ring laboratories at Lund University, Stockholm University, University of Gothenburg, and the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Collaboration with the Environmental Archaeology Laboratory and Humlab at Umeå University enables long-term open access to data, raw data, and metadata. In this project, we (1) systematically undertake large-scale entry and open access publication of results from wood samples scientifically analyzed and archived by Swedish laboratories and the associated metadata, into the Strategic Environmental Archaeology Database (SEAD; www.sead.se) research data infrastructure, and (2) actively promote the database as a resource for new and ongoing interdisciplinary research initiatives. Including dendrochronological data in SEAD infrastructure allows interdisciplinary studies that combine major scientific and societal questions. Building on a pilot study of construction timber from southern Sweden and adaptation of SEAD digitization workflows, more than 70 000 samples archived at the four dendrochronological laboratories are now being handled in the project. The broad coverage of research networks, stakeholder interaction, and strategic support from the cultural heritage community is guaranteed owing to the ongoing collaboration between laboratories and an established international and multidisciplinary reference group.
|
|
| 7. |
- Hacker, Scott R., et al.
(författare)
-
Regional economic concentration and growth
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Metropolitan regions. - Berlin : Springer. - 9783642321405 ; , s. 117-139
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The regional relationships between agglomeration and economic growth are expected to be different in different types of regions. In the literature of the new economic geography it is common to stress the importance of access to cities with agglomeration of economic activities in the form of firms and households in order to be able to explain regional growth. However, it is also well known that many rural areas are performing fairly well in terms of employment and economic opportunities.The purpose of the present research is to analyze if concentration of population drives economic growth or if it is the other way around. A second question is if this relationship between concentration of population and growth is different in different types of regions.In order to shed light on these two questions the economic performance of three types of Swedish regions (metropolitan-, cities- and rural regions) is related to changes in population densities.In the empirical analysis the Shannon index is used in the measurement of regional concentration. By considering the effect of previous levels of the Shannon index on average wages we extract information on how regional concentration affects regional economic growth (expressed as growth in average wages). In the empirical analysis we employ a VAR Granger causality approach on regional Swedish yearly data from 1987 to 2006. From this analysis we are able to conclude that there are strong empirical indications that geographic agglomeration of population unidirectionally drives economic growth in metropolitan- and city regions. Concerning the rural regions no such indication is found in either direction. This is a fairly strong indication that urban regions are more dependent on economies of agglomeration compared to rural areas.
|
|
| 8. |
- Hernández Vargas, Jose, et al.
(författare)
-
Internal topology optimisation of 3D printed concrete structures : A method for enhanced performance and material efficiency
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Extrusion-based 3D concrete printing (3DCP) is a promising technique for fabricating complex concrete elements without formwork, offering advantages like cost reduction and enhanced design flexibility by decoupling manufacturing costs from part complexity. By placing material only where structurally needed, 3DCP can lead to significant material savings, potentially reducing the environmental footprint of the construction industry. However, this extended formal freedom is still constrained by the fabrication process and material properties. This paper presents a novel method for applying topology optimisation internally i.e., preserving the external boundaries of the concrete element while reducing material use and weight. This method adapts the extrusion thickness along the part according to the expected stresses, reducing the material use while enhancing structural performance. To validate this method, the mechanical behaviour of three different unreinforced 3DCP beams is tested in three-point bending. Results show that beams with optimised material distributions presented a higher strength-to-weight ratio than the conventional 3D printed beam. An important advantage of the proposed method is that it can be easily implemented in existing 3DCP systems without specialised equipment. This paper demonstrates the potential of internal topology optimisation for improving the efficiency and sustainability of 3DCP.
|
|
| 9. |
- Hernández Vargas, José, et al.
(författare)
-
Internal topology optimisation of 3D printed concrete structures : a method for enhanced performance and material efficiency
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Virtual and Physical Prototyping. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-2759 .- 1745-2767. ; 19:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extrusion-based 3D concrete printing (3DCP) is a promising technique for fabricating complex concrete elements without formwork, offering advantages like cost reduction and enhanced design flexibility by decoupling manufacturing costs from part complexity. However, this extended formal freedom is still constrained by the fabrication process and material properties. This paper presents a novel method for applying topology optimisation internally i.e. preserving the external boundaries of the concrete element while reducing material use and weight. This method adapts the extrusion thickness along the part according to the expected stresses, reducing the material use while enhancing structural performance. To validate this method, three different unreinforced 3DCP beams are tested in three-point bending. Results show that beams with optimised material distributions presented a higher strength-to-weight ratio, averaging 47% and 63% compared with the conventional 3D printed beam. This paper demonstrates the potential of internal topology optimisation for improving the efficiency and sustainability of 3DCP.
|
|
| 10. |
- Jurca, Manuela, et al.
(författare)
-
Biotechnological adaptation of seasonal growth using high yielding Populus gibberellin overproducing trees
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Tree growth is central to terrestrial ecology and the forestry industry. The overproduction by biotechnological means of hormones such as gibberellins (GAs) has been used as a powerful toolto greatly increase tree yield and wood properties. However, for trees in temperate and boreal regions, overexpressing GAs prevents the ability to induce vegetative dormancy, and results in reduced yield and tree loss over time. Since Populus trees are using an internal 24-h (circadian) clock to synchronize their metabolism and growth with local, predictable changes in the external environment, we focused on circadian control of GA metabolism, to showcase the principle of seasonal growth adaptation. To obtain both maintained growth benefits and a seasonally timed growth, we set out to modulate levels of bioactive GAs by using the endogenous Populus tremula× P. tremuloides CycD3 promoter. We show that both high yield and biotechnical seasonal growth adaptation is obtained with this promoter, which is coordinated by the clock protein LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 2 (PttLHY2). This work paves the way for future precision breeding of trees with local adaptation and increased yield.
|
|
