| 1. |
- Liberles, David A., et al.
(författare)
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The interface of protein structure, protein biophysics, and molecular evolution
- 2012
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Ingår i: Protein Science. - : Wiley. - 0961-8368 .- 1469-896X. ; 21:6, s. 769-785
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interface of protein structural biology, protein biophysics, molecular evolution, and molecular population genetics forms the foundations for a mechanistic understanding of many aspects of protein biochemistry. Current efforts in interdisciplinary protein modeling are in their infancy and the state-of-the art of such models is described. Beyond the relationship between amino acid substitution and static protein structure, protein function, and corresponding organismal fitness, other considerations are also discussed. More complex mutational processes such as insertion and deletion and domain rearrangements and even circular permutations should be evaluated. The role of intrinsically disordered proteins is still controversial, but may be increasingly important to consider. Protein geometry and protein dynamics as a deviation from static considerations of protein structure are also important. Protein expression level is known to be a major determinant of evolutionary rate and several considerations including selection at the mRNA level and the role of interaction specificity are discussed. Lastly, the relationship between modeling and needed high-throughput experimental data as well as experimental examination of protein evolution using ancestral sequence resurrection and in vitro biochemistry are presented, towards an aim of ultimately generating better models for biological inference and prediction.
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| 2. |
- Bennett, Juliana, 1992, et al.
(författare)
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Addressing the Swedish large carnivore controversy : identifying roadblocks in collaborative governance to reduce conflict
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Conservation Science. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2673-611X. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Europe, and many places throughout the world, the return, and preservation of large carnivores is escalating tensions between stakeholder groups, as well as between local actors and authorities. In Sweden, despite policies aimed at reducing conflict surrounding wildlife management, tensions seem to have intensified. This research investigates the collaborative governance model within Swedish wildlife management and what dampens the capacity to reduce ongoing tensions. In-depth interviews were conducted with stakeholders at different levels of wildlife management. Through an abductive approach combining empirical data from interviews and theories from the human-wildlife conflict and collaborative governance literature, we problematize the role of regional wildlife managers in this multilevel governance context, in exploration of ways to advance collaboration. Our model analyzes the challenges for wildlife managers to implement government policies based on broad international conventions while remaining accountable to local concerns. The results reveal that issues within the governance structure and relationships within management in terms of lack of legitimacy, trust, and participation, need to be addressed to create a socially viable collaborative governance regime capable of managing conflict.
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| 3. |
- Bergsten, Klara, et al.
(författare)
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En preliminär studie av samverkan kring den pågående miljöprövningen av vattenkraft : lärdomar inför de fortsatta processerna
- 2023
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Energiöverenskommelsen från 2016 slår fast att alla Sverigesvattenkraftverk ska förses med moderna miljövillkor. Idagsläget bedrivs många anläggningar med gamla tillståndmed lägre satta miljökrav än vad som behövs för att uppfyllanationella miljökvalitetsmål och EU:s vattendirektiv (Prop.2017/18:228; Prop. 2017/18:243). För att uppfylla dagensmiljökrav kan det i vissa fall komma att kräva att kraftverkenminskar sin produktion. Samtidigt har vattenkraften encentral roll i det svenska elsystemet – en roll som förstärksi och med samhällets elektrifiering och det ökade behovetav fossilfri el. Ambitionen är att moderna miljövillkor skasäkerställa både största möjliga nytta för vattenmiljön samtidigtsom en effektiv tillgång till vattenkraftsel bibehålls.Hela miljöomprövningen väntas ta omkring 20 år. För atteffektivisera och göra den komplexa processen mer legitim har kollaborativ styrning i form av samverkan mellan olikaintressenter introducerats.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Hanson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Mannequin Properties Desired for Ergonomic Evaluation of Car Interiors
- 1998
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Ingår i: ; , s. 43-48
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mannequin properties desired for ergonomic evaluation of car interiors Lars Hansson, Kenneth Holmqvist, Simon Sjölander, Giovanni Distante, Guiseppe Andreoni, Nicholas Colford, Tomas Engström, Gert-Åke Hansson, Roland Kadefors, Patric Petersson, Camilla Rigotti, Lena Sperling, Anders Sundin, Per Östman, Roland Akselsson The aim of this study was to simulate a future mannequin with real people in order to find characteristics necessary for ergonomic evaluation of comfort in car interiors. We argue that the mannequin should ideally perform natural movements, collision detection, a biomechanical model, and eyes. Optional improvements to the mannequin involve muscles and a heart. We also discuss the user interface to the mannequin and means to present mannequin data.
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| 6. |
- Larsson, Simon, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Contextualizing negative attitudes to wildlife and wildlife governance in the moral economy of Swedish farmers
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Conservation Science. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2673-611X. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conflicts over managing large carnivores have been prominent in Sweden in recent decades. The most significant controversies are related to wolves, but the bear, lynx, and wolverine are also included. While the state and environmental organizations make efforts to guarantee a viable population of the large protected carnivores, farmers generally have a negative attitude towards large carnivores and a low level of trust in wildlife governance. Based on 22 in-depth interviews, 37 telephone questionnaires with Swedish farmers, and an analysis of 111 applications for protective hunting, this paper aims to demonstrate how these farmers’ perspectives on large carnivores can be explained by moral (sense of right and wrong) and moral economy (a system of obligations related to values and relations intervening with political views and financial decisions). The paper argues that farming, in addition to being an economic activity, is integrated with values, heritage, and relations to other human beings and animals. Farmers understand these values to be threatened by large carnivores, especially by wolves. The paper contextualizes negative sentiments, conflicts, protests, and also illegal hunting of large carnivores in relation to a sense of morals, sense of fairness, meanings, traditions, and mechanisms of daily life. We argue that this perspective provides a lens through which to interpret the conflict between farmers on the one side and the state and animal rights activists on the other. Such interpretation has consequences for understanding the legitimacy of government, shifting the focus from the processes of political governance (predominant in liberal political philosophy) to legitimacy tied to collective notions of social goods.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Magnusson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Multimodal fluorescene microscopy of prion strain specific PrP deposits stained by thiophene-bassed amyloid ligands
- 2014
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Ingår i: Prion. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1933-6896 .- 1933-690X. ; 8:4, s. 319-329
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The disease-associated prion protein (PrP) forms aggregates which vary in structural conformation yet share identical primary sequence. These variations in PrP conformation are believed to manifest in prion strains exhibiting distinctly different periods of disease incubation as well as regionally specific aggregate deposition within the brain. The anionic luminescent conjugated polythiophene (LCP), polythiophene acetic acid (PTAA) has previously been used to distinguish PrP deposits associated with distinct mouse adapted strains via distinct fluorescence emission profiles from the dye. Here we employed PTAA and 3 structurally related chemically defined luminescent conjugated oligothiophenes (LCOs) to stain brain tissue sections from mice inoculated with 2 distinct prion strains. Our results showed that in addition to emission spectra, excitation, and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) can fruitfully be assessed for optical distinction of PrP deposits associated with distinct prion strains. Our findings support the theory that alterations in LCP/LCO fluorescence are due to distinct conformational restriction of the thiophene backbone upon interaction with PrP aggregates associated with distinct prion strains. We foresee that LCP and LCO staining in combination with multimodal fluorescence microscopy might aid in detecting structural differences among discrete protein aggregates and in linking protein conformational features with disease phenotypes for a variety of neurodegenerative proteinopathies.
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| 9. |
- Redpath, Steve M., et al.
(författare)
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Don't forget to look down – collaborative approaches to predator conservation
- 2017
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Ingår i: Biological Reviews. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1464-7931 .- 1469-185X. ; 92:4, s. 2157-2163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Finding effective ways of conserving large carnivores is widely recognised as a priority in conservation. However, there is disagreement about the most effective way to do this, with some favouring top-down ‘command and control’ approaches and others favouring collaboration. Arguments for coercive top-down approaches have been presented elsewhere; here we present arguments for collaboration. In many parts of the developed world, flexibility of approach is built into the legislation, so that conservation objectives are balanced with other legitimate goals. In the developing world, limited resources, poverty and weak governance mean that collaborative approaches are likely to play a particularly important part in carnivore conservation. In general, coercive policies may lead to the deterioration of political legitimacy and potentially to non-compliance issues such as illegal killing, whereas collaborative approaches may lead to psychological ownership, enhanced trust, learning, and better social outcomes. Sustainable hunting/trapping plays a crucial part in the conservation and management of many large carnivores. There are many different models for how to conserve carnivores effectively across the world, research is now required to reduce uncertainty and examine the effectiveness of these approaches in different contexts.
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| 10. |
- Sjölander Lindqvist, Annelie, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Att leva nära stora rovdjur. Perspektiv på psykosociala och socioekonomiska konsekvenser
- 2021
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Här ges perspektiv på psykosociala och socioekonomiska konsekvenser av att leva nära stora rovdjur. I studien, som bland annat bygger på intervjuer med tamdjursägare och jägare som har haft angrepp av stora rovdjur på sina tamdjur respektive hundar, har frågor kring hur de upplever sin situation studerats. Studien har intresserat sig för deras erfarenheter och tankar kring den egna situationen, upplevelser av oro och stress kopplat till rovdjursförekomst, deras syn på förvaltningsstrategier och åtgärder, samt hur de upplever att deras socioekonomiska situation påverkas av rovdjursförekomst. Undersökningen har gemensamt finansierats av Naturvårdsverket, Lantbrukarnas Riksförbund och Svenska Jägareförbundet.
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