| 1. |
- Anund, Anna, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
-
Lessons learned from setting up a demonstration site with autonomous shuttle operation – based on experience from three cities in Europe
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Urban Mobility. - : Elsevier BV. - 2667-0917. ; 2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interest in operating autonomous vehicles is growing and several demonstration sites using automated shuttles have been established all over the world. Major work is involved in setting up an automated shuttle operation that involves more than identifying the relevant site, including adhering to current regulations and obtaining approval, as well as a considerable amount of preparation and commissioning required at the site. The shuttle must pass relevant national vehicle regulations, and the operation site has to undergo a site assessment. This paper is based on lessons learned achieved from setting up automated shuttle operations in three different areas in Europe: Brussel (Belgium), Linköping (Sweden) and Turin (Italy). The focus is on the practical aspects of operation. Through the experience we have gained of setting up demonstration sites at three locations in Europe, we have identified the need to summarise the lessons learned from preparing AV shuttle operation sites in order to facilitate the implementation of other operation sites. Hence, this paper aims to consolidate lessons learned during preparation and implementation of automated shuttle operations in near urban environments and to identify the path toward future implementation The three sites operate different brands and number of shuttles, different types of infrastructure and varying local conditions. The focus here was on generic lessons learned and not to understand differences between brands and operators. It is clear that further development of the AV shuttles is vital to ensure that they operate smoothly in complex traffic situations considering lane and road width, shared spaces, snow, dust, rain, leaves, birds, etc. Adapting the road infrastructure to enable the shuttles to run in the autonomous mode should be avoided, instead the shuttle development should prioritise fitting into the existing traffic environment and eco system. Mitigation areas have been identified covering: road infrastructure, weather dependant operation, season dependent operation, improvement of localisation, digital infrastructure, design and working conditions, and citizens’ user experience.
|
|
| 2. |
- Austeng, Dordi, et al.
(författare)
-
Incidence of and risk factors for neonatal morbidity after active perinatal care : extremely preterm infants study in Sweden (EXPRESS)
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 99:7, s. 978-992
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of neonatal morbidity in extremely preterm infants and to identify associated risk factors. Methods: Population based study of infants born before 27 gestational weeks and admitted for neonatal intensive care in Sweden during 2004-2007. Results: Of 638 admitted infants, 141 died. Among these, life support was withdrawn in 55 infants because of anticipation of poor long-term outcome. Of 497 surviving infants, 10% developed severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), 5.7% cystic periventricular leucomalacia (cPVL), 41% septicaemia and 5.8% necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC); 61% had patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and 34% developed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) stage >= 3. Eighty-five per cent needed mechanical ventilation and 25% developed severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Forty-seven per cent survived to one year of age without any severe IVH, cPVL, severe ROP, severe BPD or NEC. Tocolysis increased and prolonged mechanical ventilation decreased the chances of survival without these morbidities. Maternal smoking and higher gestational duration were associated with lower risk of severe ROP, whereas PDA and poor growth increased this risk. Conclusion: Half of the infants surviving extremely preterm birth suffered from severe neonatal morbidities. Studies on how to reduce these morbidities and on the long-term health of survivors are warranted.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Gunnarsson, Urban, et al.
(författare)
-
Diversity and pH changes after 50 years on the boreal mire Skattlosbergs Stormosse, Central Sweden
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Journal of Vegetation Science. - 1100-9233 .- 1654-1103. ; 11:2, s. 277-286
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Skattlosbergs Stormosse min was reinvestigated in 1995 after 50 years of natural development since the previous investigation. The undrained mire is situated in an area with low anthropogenic deposition. The distribution of 106 plant species was mapped in detail and pH was measured at 251 locations, providinga unique opportunity to quantify long-term mire dynamics. The resultss how decreased pH in the richer (high-pH) parts of the mire, but little or no change in the poor fen andombrotrophipca rts.1 4 species had disappeared while two news pecies were recorded. Most species had a more restricted distribution in the mire area in 1995 than in 1945. Species richness in lOm x 0Omp lots had decreased, especially in plots with higher pH. Most Sphagnum species had unchanged distributions over the mire, while 7 3 % of other bryophyt sepecies and 3 8% of vascular plant species had decreased by more than 20 % in plot frequency. There was a strong relationship between number of species and pH-value. The mean and standard eviation of pH in plots where the species occurred have both decreased since 1945. We interpret the changes in species richness in the richer fens to be mainly caused by acidification. This could partly be an autogenic succession, but may be enhanced by increased atmospheric deposition. The mire represents an almost untouched site which can act as a reference for mires in morepolluted areas.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Sjörs, Hugo
(författare)
-
Om botaniska skyddsvärden vid älvarna : Växtbiologiska institutionen Uppsala 1973
- 1973
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I samband med den markanvändningsplanering, som pågår i anslutning till omarrondering inom Lill sidan i Järvsö , har det ansetts nödvändigt att inventera och i stora drag prioritera olika områden ur naturvårdssynpunkt . Ljusdals kommun har därför uppdragit åt undertecknad att utföra inventering och bedömning av `` vetenskaplig kulturell naturvårdssynpunkt`` inom Lill sidan. i samråd med Länsstyrelsens naturvårdsenhet och lantmäteriets specialenhet nr 2 i Gävleborg län har inventeringen begränsats till de områden; huvudsakligen om fattande älv-, sjö –och odlingslandskapet, som redovisas på bifogade karta .Fältarbete och sammanställning av inventeringsresultaten har utförts i oktober 1971. avgränsning
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
