| 1. |
- Sjöstedt, Victoria, et al.
(författare)
-
Klimatanpassning av bostäder och bostadsområden : resultat från ett samarbetsprojekt mellan CEC och Riksbyggen
- 2016
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport är en sammanställning av kunskap som genererats inom ramen för ett samarbetsprojekt mellan Centrum för miljö- och klimatforskning (CEC) vid Lundsuniversitet och Riksbyggen om klimatanpassning av bostäder och bostadsområden iSverige. Samarbetsprojektet byggde på utveckling och handledning av fem styckenmasteruppsatser vid Tillämpad klimatstrategi-programmet vid Lunds universitet,mellan november 2014 och juni 2015. De deltagande studenterna utvecklade sinauppsatser i dialog med Riksbyggen, och ett flertal av studenterna använde Riksbyggensbostadsbestånd som konkreta fallstudier. I denna rapport diskuteras de resultatsom framkommit i masteruppsatserna, med fokus på klimatrelaterad riskkartering,metoder för klimatanpassningsåtgärder, kunskapsunderlag, samt samverkan ochdeltagande. Syntesrapporten levererar inspirationsmaterial för Riksbyggens vidarearbete med klimatanpassning av bostadsrättsföreningar. Förslag på sätt att hantera klimatanpassningsproblematik i bostadssektorn läggs fram, vilka inkluderar utökad klimatrelaterad riskkartering, skräddarsydda åtgärdspaket, intern och externkommunikation av klimatrelaterade risker och anpassningsåtgärder, samt nya samarbetskonstellationer. Samarbetet mellan CEC och Riksbyggen tog tillvara på denpotential som finns i studentarbeten och skapade länkar mellan utbildning, forskningoch näringsliv. I rapporten förs en diskussion kring sätt att vidareutveckla dennasamarbetsmodell för att förnya och verka kvalitetshöjande för grundutbildningen.Rapporten identifierar även relevanta teman för nya masterprojekt, samt konkretaforskningsbehov kring kunskapsöverföring mellan aktörer och nivåer; samarbetemellan boende, fastighetsägare, myndigheter, konsulter och försäkringsbolag kringriskkartering och anpassningsåtgärder; kommunikationsinsatser för ökad acceptans föranpassningsåtgärder; samt juridiska och ekonomiska incitamentsstrukturer. Dessa ärviktiga områden att adressera i framtida forskningsinsatser för att stödja implementeringav utökad klimatrelaterad riskkartering och anpassningsåtgärder i bostadssektorn.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Borgström, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Wetlands as a Local Scale Management Tool to Reduce Algal Growth Potential
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Wetlands. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0277-5212 .- 1943-6246. ; 42
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent land-use changes have led to a significant loss of natural wetlands worldwide resulting in increased amounts of organic and inorganic compounds reaching lakes and coastal areas. In turn, this has led to an increased algal growth, and subsequently the risk of algal blooms and deteriorated water quality. The capacity of wetlands to retain nutrients is well-known, suggesting that constructed wetlands may be a potential management strategy to mitigate algal blooms in downstream waters, although little is known about seasonal variation in reduction of algal growth potential. Therefore, in a long-term study, we experimentally evaluated the efficiency of seven wetlands to reduce the algal growth potential by comparing the growth in cultures containing 50:50 wetland water from the inlet or outlet and water from a eutrophic lake as a standard inoculum. We show that the majority of the wetlands have a considerable potential to reduce algal growth potential, with up to 89% for cyanobacteria and 73% for green algae. However, there were strong temporal variations in efficiency within, as well as between wetlands. Specifically, we show that the potential to reduce algal growth (standardized conditions) was generally higher in winter than in summer. In addition, the wetlands showed different efficiency in reducing the growth potential of cyanobacteria and green algae. Taken together, our results show that wetlands have a considerable potential to reduce algal growth potential, suggesting that they are an efficient local-scale tool in reducing the risk of algal blooms especially from a future climate change perspective.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Borgström, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Wetlands as a potential multifunctioning tool to mitigate eutrophication and brownification
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Ecological Applications. - 1051-0761 .- 1939-5582.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eutrophication and brownification are ongoing environmental problems affecting aquatic ecosystems. Due to anthropogenic changes, increasing amounts of organic and inorganic compounds are entering aquatic systems from surrounding catchment areas, increasing both nutrients, total organic carbon (TOC), and water color with societal, as well as ecological consequences. Several studies have focused on the ability of wetlands to reduce nutrients, whereas data on their potential to reduce TOC and water color are scarce. Here we evaluate wetlands as a potential multifunctional tool for mitigating both eutrophication and brownification. Therefore, we performed a study for 18 months in nine wetlands allowing us to estimate the reduction in concentrations of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), TOC and water color. We show that wetland reduction efficiency with respect to these variables was generally higher during summer, but many of the wetlands were also efficient during winter. We also show that some, but not all, wetlands have the potential to reduce TOC, water color and nutrients simultaneously. However, the generalist wetlands that reduced all four parameters were less efficient in reducing each of them than the specialist wetlands that only reduced one or two parameters. In a broader context, generalist wetlands have the potential to function as multifunctional tools to mitigate both eutrophication and brownification of aquatic systems. However, further research is needed to assess the design of the generalist wetlands and to investigate the potential of using several specialist wetlands in the same catchment.
|
|
| 6. |
- Broman, Elias, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
-
Shifts in coastal sediment oxygenation cause pronounced changes in microbial community composition and associated metabolism.
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Microbiome. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2049-2618. ; 5:1, s. 96-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: A key characteristic of eutrophication in coastal seas is the expansion of hypoxic bottom waters, often referred to as 'dead zones'. One proposed remediation strategy for coastal dead zones in the Baltic Sea is to mix the water column using pump stations, circulating oxygenated water to the sea bottom. Although microbial metabolism in the sediment surface is recognized as key in regulating bulk chemical fluxes, it remains unknown how the microbial community and its metabolic processes are influenced by shifts in oxygen availability. Here, coastal Baltic Sea sediments sampled from oxic and anoxic sites, plus an intermediate area subjected to episodic oxygenation, were experimentally exposed to oxygen shifts. Chemical, 16S rRNA gene, metagenomic, and metatranscriptomic analyses were conducted to investigate changes in chemistry fluxes, microbial community structure, and metabolic functions in the sediment surface.RESULTS: Compared to anoxic controls, oxygenation of anoxic sediment resulted in a proliferation of bacterial populations in the facultative anaerobic genus Sulfurovum that are capable of oxidizing toxic sulfide. Furthermore, the oxygenated sediment had higher amounts of RNA transcripts annotated as sqr, fccB, and dsrA involved in sulfide oxidation. In addition, the importance of cryptic sulfur cycling was highlighted by the oxidative genes listed above as well as dsvA, ttrB, dmsA, and ddhAB that encode reductive processes being identified in anoxic and intermediate sediments turned oxic. In particular, the intermediate site sediments responded differently upon oxygenation compared to the anoxic and oxic site sediments. This included a microbial community composition with more habitat generalists, lower amounts of RNA transcripts attributed to methane oxidation, and a reduced rate of organic matter degradation.CONCLUSIONS: These novel data emphasize that genetic expression analyses has the power to identify key molecular mechanisms that regulate microbial community responses upon oxygenation of dead zones. Moreover, these results highlight that microbial responses, and therefore ultimately remediation efforts, depend largely on the oxygenation history of sites. Furthermore, it was shown that re-oxygenation efforts to remediate dead zones could ultimately be facilitated by in situ microbial molecular mechanisms involved in removal of toxic H2S and the potent greenhouse gas methane.
|
|
| 7. |
- Bruhn, Anders Dalhoff, et al.
(författare)
-
Terrestrial Dissolved Organic Matter Mobilized From Eroding Permafrost Controls Microbial Community Composition and Growth in Arctic Coastal Zones
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Earth Science. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-6463. ; 9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate warming is accelerating erosion along permafrost-dominated Arctic coasts. This results in the additional supply of organic matter (OM) and nutrients into the coastal zone. In this study we investigate the impact of coastal erosion on the marine microbial community composition and growth rates in the coastal Beaufort Sea. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) derived from three representative glacial deposit types (fluvial, lacustrine, and moraine) along the Yukon coastal plain, Canada, were used as substrate to cultivate marine bacteria using a chemostat setup. Our results show that DOM composition (inferred from UV-Visible spectroscopy) and biodegradability (inferred from DOC concentration, bacterial production and respiration) significantly differ between the three glacial deposit types. DOM derived from fluvial and moraine types show clear terrestrial characteristics with low aromaticity (Sr: 0.63 ± 0.02 and SUVA254: 1.65 ± 0.06 L mg C−1 m−1 & Sr: 0.68 ± 0.01 and SUVA254: 1.17 ± 0.06 L mg C−1 m−1, respectively) compared to the lacustrine soil type (Sr: 0.71 ± 0.02 and SUVA254: 2.15 ± 0.05 L mg C−1 m−1). The difference in composition of DOM leads to the development of three different microbial communities. Whereas Alphaproteobacteria dominate in fluvial and lacustrine deposit types (67 and 87% relative abundance, respectively), Gammaproteobacteria is the most abundant class for moraine deposit type (88% relative abundance). Bacterial growth efficiency (BGE) is 66% for DOM from moraine deposit type, while 13 and 28% for DOM from fluvial and lacustrine deposit types, respectively. The three microbial communities therefore differ strongly in their net effect on DOM utilization depending on the eroded landscape type. The high BGE value for moraine-derived DOM is probably caused by a larger proportion of labile colorless DOM. These results indicate that the substrate controls marine microbial community composition and activities in coastal waters. This suggests that biogeochemical changes in the Arctic coastal zone will depend on the DOM character of adjacent deposit types, which determine the speed and extent of DOM mineralization and thereby carbon channeling into the microbial food web. We conclude that marine microbes strongly respond to the input of terrestrial DOM released by coastal erosion and that the landscape type differently influence marine microbes.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
-
Feminist Philosophy : Time, history and the transformation of thought
- 2023. - 1
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- What is the relationship between feminism and philosophy today? Although feminist philosophy is now a recognized field in the institution of philosophy, a tension between the terms feminism and philosophy persists. From the perspective of philosophy, feminist philosophy may seem too committed to political change. From the perspective of feminism, the practice of philosophy may seem too far removed from the pressing concerns of injustice in ordinary life.This volume is an interdisciplinary initiative at the intersection of philosophy, the history of ideas, and feminist theory, where philosophy is scrutinized from a feminist perspective and asks questions about what philosophy has to offer feminism.
|
|
| 10. |
- Figueroa, Daniela, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Selective degradation of different dissolved organic matter compounds by regionally transplanted bacteria.
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Climate change projections indicate that precipitation will increase by ~30% in the Baltic Sea within the next hundred years. This will lead to lowered salinity and increased inputs of dissolved organic matter (DOM) to the sea. The interactive effects of these changes on bacterial communities and DOM degradation are virtually unknown. We studied the selective degradation of different DOM compounds by regionally transplanted bacterial communities. Bacteria from the northern Baltic Sea were transplanted and re-transplanted to the southern Baltic Sea and vice versa. Three fractions of DOM were identified; two allochthonous fractions, originating from terrestrial systems and one autochthononous constituting the protein building blocks tryptophan/tyrosine. The largest decrease of dissolved organic carbon was observed in seawater from the Bothnian Sea (northern Baltic Sea), and the bacteria performing this degradation were those transplanted from the Baltic Proper (southern Baltic Sea). The native bacteria from the Bothnian Sea degraded both allochthonous and autochthonous DOM, while, bacteria from the Baltic Proper consumed mainly the autochthonous part of the DOM. Both autochthonous and allochthonous components of the DOM were found to shape the bacterioplankton community, Cyanobacteria and γ-proteobacteria were favored by all three DOM components, while α-proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were favored by autochthonous DOM and β-proteobacteria by terrestrial DOM. However, no clear connection between different DOM components, specific bacterial groups and metabolic processes could be identified. Our study thus indicates that climate change can cause unforeseen adjustments of the bacterial community composition and function, governed by complex interactions between bacteria and their chemical environment.
|
|
