| 1. |
- Egard, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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"En plan skapar inte delaktighet" : betydelsen av kommunikation, normer och relationer i utförande och planering av insatser enligt LSS
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med studien är att beskriva och förstå vad deltagare i en forskningscirkel tillskriver som be- tydelsefullt för att skapa förutsättningar för delaktighet för personer med autismspektrumtill- stånd i planering och genomförande av stödinsatser. Materialet består av dokumentation från en forskningscirkel där personal diskuterat aktuell forskning och utvecklingsarbete tillsammans med forskare och lärare inom socialt arbete. Resultatet visar för det första att personalen behöver kännedom om brukarens sätt att kommunicera och möjlighet att anpassa kartläggning och dokumentation utifrån brukarens kommunikations- förmåga för att kunna skapa förutsättningar för delaktighet. För det andra framkommer att ytterligare en förutsättning för delaktighet är att det finns utrymme för flexibilitet avseende hur stödet ska genomföras. Stödet kan behöva anpassas efter vilken relation brukare och personal har till varandra och denna relation ha betydelse för vilket behov av stöd som efterfrågas. För det tredje är ett normkritiskt förhållningssätt en viktig förutsättning för delaktighet då mål och innehåll för stödet ska formuleras utifrån brukarens önskemål och inte utifrån personal eller anhörigas normer. Slutsatsen är att dokumentation och planering i sig inte skapar delaktighet. Delaktighet förutsätter en fungerande kommunikation, flexibilitet i utformningen av stödet och ett normkritiskt förhållningssätt.
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| 2. |
- Sjöström, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Airborne and Dermal Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Volatile Organic Compounds, and Particles among Firefighters and Police Investigators
- 2019
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Ingår i: Annals of Work Exposures and Health. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2398-7308 .- 2398-7316. ; 63:5, s. 533-545
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: The main aim of this study was to assess dermal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and airway exposure to PAHs, volatile organic compounds (VOCs; benzene and 1,3-butadiene), and particles among firefighters (FFs) and police forensic investigators (PFIs) in Sweden. METHODS: Active (pump with a filter and sorbent tube) and passive (polyurethane foam -cyl and perkin elmer carbopack-tube) personal air sampling and dermal tape stripping (wrist and collar bone) were performed on seven FF team leaders during training fires and nine PFIs investigating the aftermath of live fire events. In addition, passive personal air sampling was performed on eight FF team leaders during live emergency fires. PAHs and VOCs were analysed using high-resolution gas chromatography low-resolution mass spectrometry. The mass concentration of total dust (particles) was determined using standard gravimetric methods. RESULTS: The air samples showed that the exposure to PAHs, benzene, 1,3-butadiene, and particles was below Swedish occupational exposure limits (OELs). Naphthalene was the predominant PAH in all air samples. Benzene and 1,3-butadiene were more abundant in live emergency fires, which caused higher exposures than the other studied situations. Both gaseous- and particle-associated PAHs were present on skin. The wrists seemed to be less well protected than the collarbone area. CONCLUSIONS: FFs and PFIs are exposed to several hazardous compounds during their work. Air exposures varied considerably between working scenarios. The observed exposures were substantially higher than urban background levels but well below Swedish OELs. The measured dermal PAH exposures were comparable to previously reported doses for US FFs but lower than the exposures reported for Swedish chimney sweeps.
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| 3. |
- Sjöström, Rita, et al.
(författare)
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Learning Experiences Among GP Registrars After a Focused Cardiac Ultrasound Training Program : A Qualitative Interview Study
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Education. - : Research Square. - 1472-6920.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Until recently, clinical ultrasound technology was limited to the hospital-based disciplines,and few studies assessed training in focused cardiac ultrasound (FCU) in primary care. We designed aninterview study among general practitioner (GP) registrars taking part in an FCU training program anddiscussed their experiences compared to their documented skills.Methods: This qualitative content analysis used an inductive approach. Five GP registrars and their tutorparticipated in semi-structured individual interviews during April–July 2017. Participants were interviewedafter they each had conducted 20 supervised and 7–10 independent examinations and were encouragedto complete self-directed study using video tutorials on web-based platforms. FCU examinations of studypatients recruited from primary care clinics were conducted with a hand-held device (Vscan 1.2) at theCentre of Clinical Research, Östersund Hospital, Sweden.
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| 4. |
- Sjöström, Rita, et al.
(författare)
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Qualitative identification and characterisation of self-reported symptoms arising in humans during experimental exposure to cold air
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Circumpolar Health. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1239-9736 .- 2242-3982. ; 78:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Exposure to cold air is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in the general population. It is difficult to study the effects of whole-body exposure to cold air under controlled conditions in real life. Objectives: The aim of this study was to (1) explore and describe the experience of symptoms in humans during experimental and controlled exposures to cold air, by using controlled environmental chamber exposures and qualitative methodology, and to (2) categorise the symptoms. Method: The study used a randomised, double blind design, in which 34 subjects undertook rest and moderate-intensity exercise in an environmental chamber set to two or three different temperatures (0, -10, and -17 degrees C) on separate occasions. During the chamber exposures, subjects were interviewed. Qualitative content analysis was selected as the method of analysis. Findings: Subjects reported 50 distinct symptoms during the exposures. The symptoms were grouped into ten sub-categories and two major categories; airway versus whole-body symptoms. Conclusion: We have identified a broad range of symptoms in humans undertaking rest and moderate-intensity exercise at sub-zero temperatures. The symptoms and their categories may well be used to more extensively and quantitatively map cold-induced morbidity.
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