| 1. |
- Benson, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
-
Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in children with febrile urinary tract infection and asymptomatic bacteriuria
- 1996
-
Ingår i: Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0022-1899 .- 1537-6613. ; 174:5, s. 1080-1084
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urine and serum interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 responses were higher in children with febrile urinary tract infection (n = 61) than in those with asymptomatic bacteriuria (n = 39). By univariate analysis, cytokine levels were related to age, sex, reflux, renal scarring, urine leukocytes, C- reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and bacterial properties (P fimbriae but not hemolysin). Multivariate modeling showed that urine IL-6 responds were higher in girls than boys, increased with age, and were positively associated with CRP, ESR, serum IL-6, and urine leukocyte counts. The urine IL-8 response was not influenced by age, but it was influenced by P fimbriae and was associated with ESR, CRP, urine leukocytes, and female sex. The results show that cytokine responses to urinary tract infection vary with the severity of infection and that cytokine activation is influenced by a variety of host and bacterial variables.
|
|
| 2. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
-
De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
|
|
| 3. |
- Roll, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
-
Pre-activation negativity in language brain potentials
- 2023
-
Ingår i: ; , s. 64-64
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pre-activation negativity (PrAN) is an event-related potential (ERP) component indexing how constraining phonological cues are. It has an early phase (136-200 ms), with sources in the left auditory cortices, and a late phase (200 ms onwards), with sources in Broca’s area. The PrAN has been found for segmental and prosodic cues increasing the certainty about upcoming words, morphemes, grammatical structures, or lexicality. The phonological cues investigated have been Central Swedish, South Swedish, Danish, and English segmental phonemes, Central and South Swedish lexical tone accents, Danish stød, and Central Swedish boundary tones and left-edge boundary tones/initiality accents.
|
|
| 4. |
- Boks, Marije, et al.
(författare)
-
Increased incidence of late-onset inflammatory bowel disease and microscopic colitis after a Cryptosporidium hominis outbreak
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 57:12, s. 1443-1449
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: In 2010, 27,000 inhabitants (45% of the population) of Östersund, Sweden, contracted clinical cryptosporidiosis after drinking water contaminated with Cryptosporidium hominis. After the outbreak, local physicians perceived that the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD), and IBD-unclassified, and microscopic colitis (MC) increased. This study assessed whether this perception was correct.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This observational study included adult patients (≥18 years old) from the local health care region who were diagnosed with pathology-confirmed IBD or MC during 2006-2019. We collected and validated the diagnosis, date of diagnosis, age at diagnosis, and sex from the Swedish quality register SWIBREG and electronic patient records. Population data were collected from Statistics Sweden. The incidences for 2006-2010 (pre-outbreak) and 2011-2019 (post-outbreak) were evaluated by negative binomial regression analysis and presented as incidence rate ratios (IRRs). Data were analyzed for IBD, for UC and CD separately, and MC.RESULTS: During the study period, we identified 410 patients with new onset IBD and 155 new cases of MC. Overall, we found a trend toward an increased incidence of IBD post-outbreak (IRR 1.39, confidence interval (CI) 0.99-1.94). In individuals ≥40 years old, the post-outbreak incidence significantly increased for IBD (IRR 1.69, CI 1.13-2.51) and CD (IRR 2.23, CI 1.08-4.62). Post-outbreak incidence of MC increased 6-fold in all age groups (IRR 6.43, CI 2.78-14.87).CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of late-onset IBD and MC increased after the Cryptosporidium outbreak. Cryptosporidiosis may be an environmental risk factor for IBD and MC.
|
|
| 5. |
- Boks, Marije, et al.
(författare)
-
Persisting symptoms after Cryptosporidium hominis outbreak : a 10-year follow-up from Östersund, Sweden
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Parasitology Research. - : Springer Nature. - 0932-0113 .- 1432-1955. ; 122:7, s. 1631-1639
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In late 2010, an outbreak of Cryptosporidium hominis affected 27,000 inhabitants (45%) of Östersund, Sweden. Previous research shows that abdomen and joint symptoms commonly persist up to 5 years post-infection. It is unknown whether Cryptosporidium is associated with sequelae for a longer duration, how persisting symptoms present over time, and whether sequelae are associated with prolonged infection. In this prospective cohort study, a randomly selected cohort in Östersund was surveyed about cryptosporidiosis symptoms in 2011 (response rate 69.2%). A case was defined as a respondent reporting new diarrhoea episodes during the outbreak. Follow-up questionnaires were sent after 5 and 10 years. Logistic regressions were used to examine associations between case status and symptoms reported after 10 years, with results presented as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals. Consistency of symptoms and associations with case status and number of days with symptoms during outbreak were analysed using X 2 and Mann–Whitney U tests. The response rate after 10 years was 74% (n = 538). Case status was associated with reporting symptoms, with aOR of ~3 for abdominal symptoms and ~2 for joint symptoms. Cases were more likely to report consistent symptoms. Cases with consistent abdominal symptoms at follow-up reported 9.2 days with symptoms during the outbreak (SD 8.1), compared to 6.6 days (SD 6.1) for cases reporting varying or no symptoms (p = 0.003). We conclude that cryptosporidiosis was associated with an up to threefold risk for reporting symptoms 10 years post-infection. Consistent symptoms were associated with prolonged infection.
|
|
| 6. |
- Botero, Carlos Alberto, et al.
(författare)
-
Microstructural and mechanical evaluation of a cr-mo-v cold-work tool steel produced via electron beam melting (Ebm)
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Materials. - : MDPI AG. - 1996-1944. ; 14:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, a highly alloyed cold work tool steel, Uddeholm Vanadis 4 Extra, was manufactured via the electron beam melting (EBM) technique. The corresponding material microstructure and carbide precipitation behavior as well as the microstructural changes after heat treatment were characterized, and key mechanical properties were investigated. In the as-built condition, the mi-crostructure consists of a discontinuous network of very fine primary Mo-and V-rich carbides dispersed in an auto-tempered martensite matrix together with ≈15% of retained austenite. Adjusted heat treatment procedures allowed optimizing the microstructure by the elimination of Mo-rich carbides and the precipitation of fine and different sized V-rich carbides, along with a decrease in the retained austenite content below 2%. Hardness response, compressive strength, and abrasive wear properties of the EBM-manufactured material are similar or superior to its as-HIP forged counterparts manufactured using traditional powder metallurgy route. In the material as built by EBM, an impact toughness of 16–17 J was achieved. Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) was applied in order to further increase ductility and to investigate its impact upon the microstructure and properties of the material. After HIPing with optimized protocols, the ductility increased over 20 J.
|
|
| 7. |
- Brandin, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
-
The Synchrotron Radiation and Free Electron Laser Project MAX IV at MAX-lab
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physics Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 100
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The proposed MAX IV facility at MAX-lab, Lund University is presented. The project consists of two storage rings at 1.5 and 3 GeV respectively, a 3 GeV linac injector, a facility for short pulses and a Free Electron Laser. The storage rings will cover a broad spectral range and are designed to reach the diffraction limit in a large wavelength range. A new innovative magnet concept and lattice form the back bone of the ring design. Short photon pulses will be generated with compressed pulses from the linac system and coherent pulses by a Free Electron Laser operating in the HGHG mode. The project has received the highest marks in the scientific evaluations both concerning machine design and scientific program.
|
|
| 8. |
- Browall, Sarah, et al.
(författare)
-
Clinical manifestations of invasive pneumococcal disease by vaccine and non-vaccine types
- 2014
-
Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society. - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 44:6, s. 1646-1657
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pneumococcal conjugated vaccines (PCVs) have shown protection against invasive pneumococcal disease by vaccine serotypes, but an increase in non-vaccine serotype disease has been observed. Type-specific effects on clinical manifestation need to be explored.Clinical data from 2096 adults and 192 children with invasive pneumococcal disease were correlated to pneumococcal molecular serotypes. Invasive disease potential for pneumococcal serotypes were calculated using 165 invasive and 550 carriage isolates from children.The invasive disease potential was lower for non-PCV13 compared to vaccine-type strains. Patients infected with non-PCV13 strains had more underlying diseases, were less likely to have pneumonia and, in adults, tended to have a higher mortality. Furthermore, patients infected with pneumococci belonging to clonal serotypes only expressing non-PCV13 capsules had a higher risk for septicaemia and mortality.PCV vaccination will probably lead to a decrease in invasive pneumococcal disease but an alteration in the clinical manifestation of invasive pneumococcal disease. Genetic lineages causing invasive pneumococcal disease in adults often express non-vaccine serotypes, which can expand after vaccination with an increased risk of infection in patients with underlying diseases.
|
|
| 9. |
- Enoksson Wallas, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Traffic noise and other determinants of blood pressure in adolescence
- 2019
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health. - : Elsevier BV. - 1438-4639 .- 1618-131X. ; 222:5, s. 824-830
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Exposure to traffic noise has been associated with hypertension in adults but the evidence in adolescents is limited. We investigated long-term road traffic noise exposure, maternal occupational noise during pregnancy and other factors in relation to blood pressure and prehypertension at 16 years of age. Methods: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured in 2597 adolescents from the Swedish BAMSE birth cohort. Levels of road traffic noise were estimated at home addresses during lifetime and for the mother during pregnancy as well as maternal occupational noise exposure during pregnancy. Exposure to NO x from local sources was also assessed. Associations between noise or NO x exposure and blood pressure or prehypertension were analysed using linear and logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of prehypertension was higher among males and in those with overweight, low physical activity or overweight mothers. No strong or consistent associations were observed between pre- or postnatal exposure to road traffic noise and blood pressure at 16 years of age. However, inverse associations were suggested for systolic or diastolic blood pressure and prehypertension, which reached statistical significance among males (OR 0.80 per 10 dB L den , 95% CI 0.65–0.99) and those with maternal occupational noise exposure ≥ 70 dB L Aeq8h (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.41–0.87). On the other hand, occupational noise exposure during pregnancy tended to increase systolic blood pressure and prehypertension risk in adolescence. No associations were seen for NO x exposure. Conclusion: No conclusive associations were observed between pre- or postnatal noise exposure and blood pressure or prehypertension in adolescents. © 2019
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
