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| 2. |
- Bergman, Penny, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Emotion and meaning in interpretation of sound sources
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Acoustical Society of America. - : Acoustical Society of America (ASA). - 0001-4966. ; 123, s. 3567-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research regarding the perception of sound focuses in large on the acoustical properties of the sound. We argue that, for a more complete picture of sound perception, one must take the non‐physical properties into account. By changing the emotional descriptor of a sound the perception in terms of level of annoyance will change. The present study investigates how a priming picture placing the origin of the sound in either a positive or negative environment affects the level of annoyance to same sound. Three different sounds were used in the experiment, all based on pink noise. The participants were, in the beginning of each sound, exposed to a picture telling where the sound originated. The picture was either a positive environment (a picture of a waterfall) or a negative environment (a picture of a larger factory). While listening to the sounds the participants completed different performance tasks. In the end of each sound the participants rated the level of annoyance. Results show that the annoyance ratings are significantly lower when primed with a positive picture. Results also indicate that for more attention demanding tasks this correlation is stronger. The findings are discussed in relation to theories of sound perception.
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| 3. |
- Bergman, Penny, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Emotion and meaning in interpretation of sound sources
- 2008
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Ingår i: 7th European Conference on Noise Control 2008, EURONOISE 2008, Paris, France, 29 June - 4 July 2008. - 2226-5147. ; , s. 3925-3929
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research regarding the perception of sound focuses in large on the acoustical properties of the sound. We argue that, for a more complete picture of sound perception, one must take the non-physical properties into account. By changing the emotional descriptor of a sound the perception in terms of level of annoyance will change. The present study investigates how a priming picture placing the origin of the sound to either a positive or negative environment affects the level of annoyance to same sound. 3 different sounds were used in the experiment, all based on pink noise. The participants were in the beginning of each sound exposed to a picture telling where the sound originated. The picture was either a positive environment (a picture of a waterfall) or a negative environment (a picture of a larger factory). While listening to the sounds the participants completed different performance tasks. In the end of each sound the participants rated level of annoyance to the sound. Results show that the annoyance ratings are significantly lower when primed with a positive picture. Results also indicate that for more attention demanding tasks this correlation is stronger. The findings are discussed in relation to theories of sound perception.
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| 4. |
- Bergman, Penny, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Perceptual and emotional categorization of sound
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. - : Acoustical Society of America (ASA). - 1520-8524 .- 0001-4966. ; 126:6, s. 3156-3167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates how different types of data from psychoacoustical experiments may be combined to render further knowledge about the mechanisms underlying sound perception. Two studies were conducted with auditory alerts of short duration. First, an experiment where participants rated the dissimilarity among the auditory alerts was performed. This resulted in a two-dimensional multi-dimensional scaling solution. Second, an experiment where participants evaluated the stimuli with semantic descriptors and rated their emotional reactions to the sounds was performed. The output of this experiment was a reduced set of underlying perceptual and emotional dimensions. The results of the two experiments were then integrated by the use of multi-dimensional perceptual unfolding and a set mediation analyses. The integrative analyses showed that part of the cognitive categorization of the semantic descriptors was mediated by the emotional reactions to the sounds. The results are discussed in relation to theories of auditory perception and emotional response categorization.
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| 5. |
- Bergman, Penny, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Sound preference as a moderator to restorative environments
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 6th Forum Acusticum 2011, Aalborg, 27 June - 1 July 2011. - 2221-3767. ; , s. 1065-1068
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- With increased stressful situations in the society the demands for restorative environments with a high ability to reduce stress increase. Studies of urban soundscapes have mainly focused on what kind of sounds that cause annoyance, or increase stress. Fewer have addressed the opposite: how may sound decrease perceived stress levels? Visual modality studies show a high correlation between preferred environments and their ability to reduce stress levels. Hypothetically the same should apply within the auditory modality. In order to study the possible effect of preferred sounds as a moderator for stress reduction: 24 participants were exposed to a stress inducing computer game and a subsequent rest while listening to either preferred or non-preferred sounds. The sounds were environmental sounds and rated by each participant in terms of preference before the experiment started. Experienced stress was measured right after the stress induction and after 20 minute long rests. The results show a significant decrease of perceived stress when exposed to preferred environmental sounds. When listening to the less preferred sounds during the rest there was no significant reduction of perceived stress. The results will be discussed in relation to theories of emoacoustics and attention restoration.
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| 8. |
- Bolinsson, J, et al.
(författare)
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Direct observation of atomic scale surface relaxation in ortho twin structures in GaAs by XSTM
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. - : IOP Publishing. - 1361-648X .- 0953-8984. ; 21:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have studied the (110) GaAs surface of a structure containing ortho twins by cross-sectional scanning tunnelling microscopy and we have compared the experimental results with ab initio density functional theory calculations and STM simulations. Both experimentally and theoretically we find that the surface of different twin crystallites are significantly displaced with respect to each other, parallel to the twin boundary. This result is explained by a surface relaxation of the atoms in the (110) GaAs surface and the difference between the atomic configuration of the ortho twins.
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| 9. |
- Borg, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of GaSb nanowires grown by MOVPE
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Chrystal Growth. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-0248. ; 310:23, s. 5119-5122
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the growth and characterization of GaSb nanowires grown by MOVPE. The structural properties of the nanowires are investigated by the means of transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and single nanowire photoluminescence. The measurements confirm a high material quality in the GaSb nanowires. Also, a back-gated nanowire transistor structure is used to extract values for the polarity and resistivity of the GaSb. Finally, a simple kinetic model is presented to explain the non-linear time dependence of the GaSb nanowire growth. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Callaghan, Terry V., et al.
(författare)
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Changing snow cover and its impacts
- 2011
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Ingår i: Snow, Water, Ice and Permafrost in the Arctic (SWIPA). - Oslo : Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme. - 9788279710714 ; , s. 4:1-4:58
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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