| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Blomqvist, Per, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Vad behöver eleverna undervisning i för att utveckla sitt skrivande? Förväntningsnormer och didaktiska beslut i svensklärares bedömningssamtal
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Acta Didactica Norge - tidsskrift for fagdidaktisk forsknings- og utviklingsarbeid i Norge. - : University of Oslo Library. - 1504-9922. ; 10:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- I studien samtalar tre lärargrupper om elevers skrivande och skrivundervisning i ämnet svenska på gymnasiet. Det teoretiska perspektiv som läggs på dessa samtal är didaktiskt och inriktas på hur lärare formulerar och använder bedömningsinformation om elevers skrivande för beslut om skrivundervisningens innehåll. Resultatet visar att lärares bedömningar av elevers skrivande behandlar fler och delvis andra aspekter av skrivförmåga än vad deras didaktiska beslut sedan omfattar. De kvalitetsuppfattningar och förväntningsnormer som lärarna uttrycker i sina bedömningar av elevers skrivande inriktas huvudsakligen på texters kommunikativa kvaliteter, den stilistiska utformningen och textuppbyggnaden, följt av ämnesinnehåll och källanvändning. De didaktiska beslut som fattas utifrån bedömningen av elevers texter inriktas däremot i stort sett enbart på att eleverna behöver skrivundervisning i att disponera text och att använda källor. Detta gör att överensstämmelsen är låg mellan lärarnas beslut om skrivundervisningens inriktning och deras förväntningar på vad eleverna ska kunna. De didaktiska besluten omfattar i begränsad utsträckning den bedömningsinformation som lärarna själva har formulerat.
|
|
| 4. |
- Bremholm, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
-
A review of Scandinavian writing research between 2010 and 2020
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Writing & Pedagogy. - : Equinox Publishing. - 1756-5839 .- 1756-5847. ; 13:1-3, s. 7-49
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Scandinavian writing research forms a relatively new field, with an increased num-ber of studies conducted in the last two decades. In this qualitative synthesis review of 87 peer reviewed journal articles from Denmark, Norway, and Sweden published between 2010 and 2020, the aim was to outline the landscape of current educational writing research from the region. The sample included research articles published in both Scandinavian and international journals. Our analysis focused on the articles' research approaches and main themes regarding the object of investigation. The main themes identified were Writing Instruction, Writing Assessment, and Students' Text. We found a predominance of studies conducted in the context of language arts/first language (L1) education, concerning either disciplinary or general aspects of writing. We also found a predominance of approaches based on either sociocul-tural or social semiotic theory. Furthermore, a majority of the reviewed studies were explorative and small-scale, and, for the Writing Assessment studies in particular, directed at the secondary stages of school. The results suggest a call for future studies focusing on writing interventions and studies deploying a wide range of method-ological approaches, as well as studies based on inter-Scandinavian collaborations across Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.
|
|
| 5. |
- Esbjornsson, J., et al.
(författare)
-
HIV-1 transmission between MSM and heterosexuals, and increasing proportions of circulating recombinant forms in the Nordic Countries
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Virus Evolution. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2057-1577. ; 2:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased knowledge about HIV-1 transmission dynamics in different transmission groups and geographical regions is fundamental for assessing and designing prevention efforts against HIV-1 spread. Since the first reported cases of HIV infection during the early 1980s, the HIV-1 epidemic in the Nordic countries has been dominated by HIV-1 subtype B and MSM transmission. HIV-1 pol sequences and clinical data of 51 per cent of all newly diagnosed HIV-1 infections in Sweden, Denmark, and Finland in the period 2000-2012 (N = 3,802) were analysed together with a large reference sequence dataset (N = 4,537) by trend analysis and phylogenetics. Analysis of the eight dominating subtypes and CRFs in the Nordic countries (A, B, C, D, G, CRF01_AE, CRF02_AG, and CRF06_cpx) showed that the subtype B proportion decreased while the CRF proportion increased over the study period. A majority (57 per cent) of the Nordic sequences formed transmission clusters, with evidence of mixing both geographically and between transmission groups. Detailed analyses showed multiple occasions of transmissions from MSM to heterosexuals and that active transmission clusters more often involved single than multiple Nordic countries. The strongest geographical link was between Denmark and Sweden. Finally, Denmark had a larger proportion of heterosexual domestic spread of HIV-1 subtype B (75 per cent) compared with Sweden (49 per cent) and Finland (57 per cent). We describe different HIV-1 transmission patterns between countries and transmission groups in a large geographical region. Our results may have implications for public health interventions in targeting HIV-1 transmission networks and identifying where to introduce such interventions.
|
|
| 6. |
- Gopalakrishnan, Shyam, et al.
(författare)
-
The population genomic legacy of the second plague pandemic
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Current Biology. - : Elsevier. - 0960-9822 .- 1879-0445. ; 32:21, s. 4743-4751.e6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human populations have been shaped by catastrophes that may have left long-lasting signatures in their genomes. One notable example is the second plague pandemic that entered Europe in ca. 1,347 CE and repeatedly returned for over 300 years, with typical village and town mortality estimated at 10%–40%.1 It is assumed that this high mortality affected the gene pools of these populations. First, local population crashes reduced genetic diversity. Second, a change in frequency is expected for sequence variants that may have affected survival or susceptibility to the etiologic agent (Yersinia pestis).2 Third, mass mortality might alter the local gene pools through its impact on subsequent migration patterns. We explored these factors using the Norwegian city of Trondheim as a model, by sequencing 54 genomes spanning three time periods: (1) prior to the plague striking Trondheim in 1,349 CE, (2) the 17th–19th century, and (3) the present. We find that the pandemic period shaped the gene pool by reducing long distance immigration, in particular from the British Isles, and inducing a bottleneck that reduced genetic diversity. Although we also observe an excess of large FST values at multiple loci in the genome, these are shaped by reference biases introduced by mapping our relatively low genome coverage degraded DNA to the reference genome. This implies that attempts to detect selection using ancient DNA (aDNA) datasets that vary by read length and depth of sequencing coverage may be particularly challenging until methods have been developed to account for the impact of differential reference bias on test statistics.
|
|
| 7. |
- Graham, Steve, et al.
(författare)
-
Teaching writing in the primary grades in Norway : a national survey
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Reading and writing. - : Springer. - 0922-4777 .- 1573-0905. ; 34:2, s. 529-563
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A sample of 1049 Norwegian teachers in grades 1–3 were surveyed about how they taught writing as well as their preparation and efficacy to do so. Although there was moderate variability in their response to survey items, most teachers provided students with a multi-faceted writing program. Teachers indicated students typically spent 20 min a day writing, and they were assigned various types of writing over the course of the school year. The average teacher applied numerous instructional practices frequently to teach writing skills, support students’ writing, provide students with feedback, and conference with them about writing. Less commonly, teachers taught planning and revising, promoted students’ motivation for writing, and applied evaluation data to adjust writing instruction. While teachers were not generally positive about their preservice preparation to teach writing, they believed that their inservice preparation was adequate. They were slightly to moderately positive about their efficacy to teach writing. Teachers’ beliefs about preparation and efficacy as well as their use of data-driven practices each uniquely predicted teachers’ reported writing practices. Recommendations for future research were offered.
|
|
| 8. |
- Hunter, P, et al.
(författare)
-
A vision and strategy for the virtual physiological human in 2010 and beyond
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences. - : The Royal Society. - 1364-503X. ; 368:1920, s. 2595-2614
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- European funding under framework 7 (FP7) for the virtual physiological human (VPH) project has been in place now for nearly 2 years. The VPH network of excellence (NoE) is helping in the development of common standards, open-source software, freely accessible data and model repositories, and various training and dissemination activities for the project. It is also helping to coordinate the many clinically targeted projects that have been funded under the FP7 calls. An initial vision for the VPH was defined by framework 6 strategy for a European physiome (STEP) project in 2006. It is now time to assess the accomplishments of the last 2 years and update the STEP vision for the VPH. We consider the biomedical science, healthcare and information and communications technology challenges facing the project and we propose the VPH Institute as a means of sustaining the vision of VPH beyond the time frame of the NoE.
|
|
| 9. |
- Kraft, Sanna, 1984-
(författare)
-
Tala fram texten : När barn med läs- och skrivsvårigheter skriver med tal-till-text
- 2023
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Effective writing is a crucial skill that requires not only the mastery of various sub-processes but also deliberate orchestration of those sub-processes within the constraints of limited working- memory capacity. In practice, some of those sub-processes, such as transcription (spelling and handwriting), need to be automatised to free up capacity for other processes. Unfortunately, children who struggle with spelling rarely manage to fully automatise transcription. This often has a negative impact both on their writing process and on the final text. One solution to this problem could be to let them use speech-to-text (STT), because this would allow them to avoid spelling by using their voice to create text.This thesis consists of four articles where I investigate whether, and if so how, composing by means of STT can facilitate writing for children (aged 10–13) with reading and writing difficul- ties. I analyse both the composition processes and the final texts. I make comparisons both with text production by means of a keyboard and with a reference group of children without difficul- ties. In addition, I explore whether and how successful use of STT correlates with individual linguistic and cognitive skills. Overall, my results suggest that STT can indeed facilitate some aspects of writing for children with reading and writing difficulties, though not emphatically. In my studies, the use of STT does not yield any improvements at group level in processes such as meaning-related revisions or in assessed text quality. However, one important caveat is that the participants received only a very short introduction to STT. In general, the ability to use a new tool effectively is of course likely to improve with instruction and practice. Importantly, my results do suggest that instruction in STT use in conjunction with writing processes such as revising is crucial for successful usage of this tool.
|
|
| 10. |
- Kristensen, Kristian K., et al.
(författare)
-
A disordered acidic domain in GPIHBP1 harboring a sulfated tyrosine regulates lipoprotein lipase
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 115:26, s. E6020-E6029
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The intravascular processing of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins depends on lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and GPIHBP1, a membrane protein of endothelial cells that binds LPL within the subendothelial spaces and shuttles it to the capillary lumen. In the absence of GPIHBP1, LPL remains mislocalized within the subendothelial spaces, causing severe hypertriglyceridemia (chylomicronemia). The N-terminal domain of GPIHBP1, an intrinsically disordered region (IDR) rich in acidic residues, is important for stabilizing LPL's catalytic domain against spontaneous and ANGPTL4-catalyzed unfolding. Here, we define several important properties of GPIHBP1's IDR. First, a conserved tyrosine in the middle of the IDR is posttranslationally modified by O-sulfation; this modification increases both the affinity of GPIHBP1-LPL interactions and the ability of GPIHBP1 to protect LPL against. ANGPTL4-catalyzed unfolding. Second, the acidic IDR of GPIHBP1 increases the probability of a GPIHBP1-LPL encounter via electrostatic steering, increasing the association rate constant (k(on)) for LPL binding by >250-fold. Third, we show that LPL accumulates near capillary endothelial cells even in the absence of GPIHBP1. In wild-type mice, we expect that the accumulation of LPL in close proximity to capillaries would increase interactions with GPIHBP1. Fourth, we found that GPIHBP1's IDR is not a key factor in the pathogenicity of chylomicronemia in patients with the GPIHBP1 autoimmune syndrome. Finally, based on biophysical studies, we propose that the negatively charged IDR of GPIHBP1 traverses a vast space, facilitating capture of LPL by capillary endothelial cells and simultaneously contributing to GPIHBP1's ability to preserve LPL structure and activity.
|
|
