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- Skoglund, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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In vivo CYP3A activity and pharmacokinetics of imatinib in relation to therapeutic outcome in chronic myeloid leukemia patients
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: The hepatic enzymes CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 metabolize the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib into a large number of metabolites including the pharmacologically active N-desmethyl imatinib (CGP74588). Because the metabolic activity of CYP3A varies considerably between individuals and a previous pilot study suggested an inverse association between in vivo CYP3A metabolic activity and therapeutic outcome of imatinib, the primary aim of this study was to investigate the influence of CYP3A metabolic activity on the outcome of imatinib therapy in chronic myeloid leukemia patients.Methods: Fifty-five patients were included and CYP3A activity was estimated in vivo using quinine as a probe drug. Imatinib and CGP74588 trough concentrations in the plasma were determined at steady state in 34 patients. Cytogenetic and molecular responses after 12 months of first-line imatinib were retrospectively collected from patients’ medical records.Results: Patients with optimal response to imatinib (complete cytogenetic response (CCgR) or molecular response of BCR-ABL <1%) did not have different levels of CYP3A activity compared to non-optimal responders. Similar results were found when analyzing the molecular response and CCgR separately. Neither the imatinib trough concentration nor the CGP74588/imatinib ratio were significantly associated with CYP3A activity.Conclusion: CYP3A enzyme activity, as measured by quinine metabolic ratio, does not correlate with the plasma concentrations of imatinib or CGP74588 and is not predictive of imatinib therapeutic outcome. These results indicate that even though imatinib is metabolized by CYP3A enzymes, this activity is not the ratelimiting step in imatinib metabolism and excretion. Future studies should focus on other pharmacokinetic processes such as plasma protein binding or transport protein activity to look for the major contributor to patient variability in imatinib plasma concentration.
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- Bergström, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Grey wolf genomic history reveals a dual ancestry of dogs
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 607:7918, s. 313-320
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The grey wolf (Canis lupus) was the first species to give rise to a domestic population, and they remained widespread throughout the last Ice Age when many other large mammal species went extinct. Little is known, however, about the history and possible extinction of past wolf populations or when and where the wolf progenitors of the present-day dog lineage (Canis familiaris) lived. Here we analysed 72 ancient wolf genomes spanning the last 100,000 years from Europe, Siberia and North America. We found that wolf populations were highly connected throughout the Late Pleistocene, with levels of differentiation an order of magnitude lower than they are today. This population connectivity allowed us to detect natural selection across the time series, including rapid fixation of mutations in the gene IFT88 40,000–30,000 years ago. We show that dogs are overall more closely related to ancient wolves from eastern Eurasia than to those from western Eurasia, suggesting a domestication process in the east. However, we also found that dogs in the Near East and Africa derive up to half of their ancestry from a distinct population related to modern southwest Eurasian wolves, reflecting either an independent domestication process or admixture from local wolves. None of the analysed ancient wolf genomes is a direct match for either of these dog ancestries, meaning that the exact progenitor populations remain to be located.
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- Carvalho, E. de, et al.
(författare)
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EU FP7 INFSO-ICT-317669 METIS, D3.1 Positioning of multi-node/multi-antenna technologies
- 2013
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This document describes the research activity in multi-node/multi-antenna technologies within METIS and positions it with respect to the state-of-the-art in the academic literature and in the standardization bodies. Based on the state-of-the-art and as well as on the METIS objectives,we set the research objectives and we group the different activities (or technology components) into research clusters with similar research objectives. The technologycomponents and the research objectives have been set to achieve an ambidextrous purpose. On one side we aim at providing the METIS system with those technological components that are a natural but non-trivial evolution of 4G. On the other side, we aim at seeking for disruptivetechnologies that could radically change 5G with respect to 4G. Moreover, we mapped the different technology components to METIS’ other activities and to the overall goals of theproject.
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- Fantini, R, et al.
(författare)
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EU FP7 INFSO-ICT-317669 METIS, D3.2 First performance results for multi-node/multi-antenna transmission technologies
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This deliverable describes the current results of the multi-node/multi-antenna technologies investigated within METIS and analyses the interactions within and outside Work Package 3. Furthermore, it identifies the most promising technologies based on the current state of obtained results. This document provides a brief overview of the results in its first part. The second part, namely the Appendix, further details the results, describes the simulation alignment efforts conducted in the Work Package and the interaction of the Test Cases. The results described here show that the investigations conducted in Work Package 3 are maturing resulting in valuable innovative solutions for future 5G systems.
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- Hertz, Hans M., et al.
(författare)
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Laboratory x-ray micro imaging : Sources, optics, systems and applications
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics, Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 186
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We summarize the recent progress in laboratory-scale soft and hard x-ray micro imaging in Stockholm. Our soft x-ray work is based on liquid-jet laser-plasma sources which are combined with diffractive and multilayer optics to form laboratory x-ray microscopes. In the hard x-ray regime the imaging is based on a liquid-metal-jet electron-impact source which provides the necessary coherence to allow phase-contrast imaging with high fidelity.
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