| 1. |
- Rydén, Lina, 1982, et al.
(författare)
-
Attrition in the Gothenburg H70 birth cohort studies, an 18-year follow-up of the 1930 cohort
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Epidemiology. - 2674-1199. ; 3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Longitudinal studies are essential to understand the ageing process, and risk factors and consequences for disorders, but attrition may cause selection bias and impact generalizability. We describe the 1930 cohort of the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies, followed from age 70 to 88, and compare baseline characteristics for those who continue participation with those who die, refuse, and drop out for any reason during follow-up. Methods: A population-based sample born 1930 was examined with comprehensive assessments at age 70 (N = 524). The sample was followed up and extended to increase sample size at age 75 (N = 767). Subsequent follow-ups were conducted at ages 79, 85, and 88. Logistic regression was used to analyze baseline characteristics in relation to participation status at follow-up. Results: Refusal to participate in subsequent examinations was related to lower educational level, higher blood pressure, and lower scores on cognitive tests. Both attrition due to death and total attrition were associated with male sex, lower educational level, smoking, ADL dependency, several diseases, poorer lung function, slower gait speed, lower scores on cognitive tests, depressive symptoms, and a larger number of medications. Attrition due to death was also associated with not having a partner. Conclusions: It is important to consider different types of attrition when interpreting results from longitudinal studies, as representativeness and results may be differently affected by different types of attrition. Besides reducing barriers to participation, methods such as imputation and weighted analyses can be used to handle selection bias.
|
|
| 2. |
- Wetterberg, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
-
Representativeness in population-based studies of older adults: five waves of cross-sectional examinations in the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Study
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Bmj Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 12:12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesTo describe representativeness in the Gothenburg H70 1930 Birth Cohort Study.DesignRepeated cross-sectional examinations of a population-based study.SettingGothenburg, Sweden.ParticipantsAll residents of Gothenburg, Sweden, born on specific birth dates in 1930 were invited to a comprehensive health examination at ages 70, 75, 79, 85 and 88. The number of participants at each examination was 524 at age 70, 767 at age 75, 580 at age 79, 416 at age 85, and 258 at age 88.Primary outcome measuresWe compared register data on sociodemographic characteristics and hospital discharge diagnoses between participants and (1) refusals, (2) all same-aged individuals in Gothenburg and (3) all same-aged individuals in Sweden. We also compared mortality rates between participants and refusals.ResultsRefusal rate increased with age. At two or more examination waves, participants compared with refusals had higher educational level, more often had osteoarthritis, had lower mortality rates, had lower prevalence of neuropsychiatric, alcohol-related and cardiovascular disorders, and were more often married. At two examination waves, participants compared with same-aged individuals in Gothenburg had higher education and were more often born in Sweden. At two examination waves or more, participants compared with same-aged individuals in Sweden had higher education, had higher average income, less often had ischaemic heart disease, were less often born in Sweden and were more often divorced.ConclusionsParticipants were more similar to the target population in Gothenburg than to refusals and same-aged individuals in Sweden. Our study shows the importance of having different comparison groups when assessing representativeness of population studies, which is important in evaluating generalisability of results. The study also contributes unique and up-to-date knowledge about participation bias in these high age groups.
|
|
| 3. |
- Arvidsson Rådestig, Maya, et al.
(författare)
-
Subtle Differences in Cognition in 70-Year-Olds with Elevated Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurofilament Light and Neurogranin: A H70 Cross-Sectional Study
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Alzheimers Disease. - : IOS Press. - 1387-2877 .- 1875-8908. ; 91:1, s. 291-303
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Most research on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurofilament light protein (NfL) as a marker for neurodegeneration and neurogranin (Ng) for synaptic dysfunction has largely focused on clinical cohorts rather than population-based samples. Objective: We hypothesized that increased CSF levels of NfL and Ng are associated with subtle cognitive deficits in cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults. Methods: The sample was derived from the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies and comprised 258 CU 70-year-olds, with a Clinical Dementia Rating score of zero. All participants underwent extensive cognitive testing. CSF levels of NfL and Ng, as well as amyloid beta(1-42), total tau, and phosphorylated tau, were measured. Results: Participants with high CSF NfL performed worse in one memory-based test (Immediate recall, p = 0.013) and a language test (FAS, p = 0.016). Individuals with high CSF Ng performed worse on the memory-based test Supra Span (p = 0.035). When stratified according to CSF tau and A beta(42) concentrations, participants with high NfL and increased tau performed worse on a memory test than participants normal tau concentrations (Delayed recall, p = 0.003). In participants with high NfL, those with pathologic A beta(42) concentrations performed worse on the Delayed recall memory (p = 0.044). In the high Ng group, participants with pathological A beta(42) concentrations had lower MMSE scores (p = 0.027). However, in regression analysis we found no linear correlations between CSF NfL or CSF Ng in relation to cognitive tests when controlled for important co-variates. Conclusion: Markers of neurodegeneration and synaptic pathology might be associated with subtle signs of cognitive decline in a population-based sample of 70-year-olds.
|
|
| 4. |
- Marseglia, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Metabolic Syndrome Is Associated With Poor Cognition : A Population-Based Study of 70-Year-Old Adults Without Dementia
- 2021
-
Ingår i: The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1079-5006 .- 1758-535X. ; 76:12, s. 2275-2283
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Individual conditions of metabolic syndrome (MetS) have been related to dementia; however, their combined impact on the preclinical stage is unknown. We investigated the associations between MetS and domain-specific cognitive function as well as the role of sociodemographic, cardiovascular, and genetic factors.Methods: Within the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Study-Birth cohort 1944, 1131 dementia-free participants (aged 70 years) were examined during 2014-2016. MetS (central obesity plus at least 2 factors [reduced HD11.-cholesterol, elevated triglycerides, blood pressure, or blood glucose]) was identified according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Five cognitive domains (memory, attention/perceptual speed, executive function, verbal fluency, visuospatial abilities) were generated after z-standardizing raw scores from 10 neuropsychological tests. Education, heart disease, claudication (indicating peripheral atherosclerosis), and apolipoprotein genotype were ascertained by trained staff. Data were analyzed with linear regression models.Results: Overall, 618 participants (55%) had MetS. In multiadjusted linear regressions, MetS was related to poorer performance in attention/ perceptual speed (beta -0.14 [95% CI -0.25, -0.02]), executive function (beta -0.12 [95% CI -0.23, -0.01]), and verbal fluency (beta -0.19 [95% CI -0.30, -0.08]). These associations were present only among individuals who did not carry any APOE-epsilon 4 allele or were highly educated. However, among those with MetS, high education was related to better cognitive performance. MetS together with comorbid heart disease or claudication was associated with even worse cognitive performance than each alone.Conclusions: MetS is associated with poor attention/perceptual speed, executive function, and verbal fluency performance. Education, apolipoprotein E-epsilon 4 allele, and comorbid cardiovascular disease influenced the observed associations.
|
|
| 5. |
- Novak, Masuma, 1969, et al.
(författare)
-
Six-year mortality associated with living alone and loneliness in Swedish men and women born in 1930
- 2023
-
Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics. - 1471-2318. ; 23:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: This study examined how living alone and loneliness associate with all-cause mortality in older men and women. Methods: Baseline data from the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies, including 70-year-olds interviewed in 2000 and 75-year-olds (new recruits) interviewed in 2005were used for analyses (N = 778, 353 men, 425 women). Six-year mortality was based on national register data. Results: At baseline, 36.6% lived alone and 31.9% reported feelings of loneliness. A total of 72 (9.3%) participants died during the 6-year follow-up period. Cumulative mortality rates per 1000 person-years were 23.9 for men and 9.6 for women. Mortality was increased more than twofold among men who lived alone compared to men living with someone (HR 2.40, 95% CI 1.34–4.30). Elevated risk remained after multivariable adjustment including loneliness and depression (HR 2.56, 95% CI 1.27–5.16). Stratification revealed that mortality risk in the group of men who lived alone and felt lonely was twice that of their peers who lived with someone and did not experience loneliness (HR 2.52, 95% CI 1.26–5.05). In women, a more than fourfold increased risk of mortality was observed in those who experienced loneliness despite living with others (HR 4.52, 95% CI 1.43–14.23). Conclusions: Living alone was an independent risk factor for death in men but not in women. Mortality was doubled in men who lived alone and felt lonely. In contrast, mortality was particularly elevated in women who felt lonely despite living with others. In the multivariable adjusted models these associations were attenuated and were no longer significant after adjusting for mainly depression in men and physical inactivity in women. Gender needs to be taken into account when considering the health consequences of living situation and loneliness.
|
|
| 6. |
- Rydberg Sterner, Therese, et al.
(författare)
-
Depression and neuroticism decrease among women but not among men between 1976-2016 in Swedish septuagenarians
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-690X .- 1600-0447. ; 139:4, s. 381-394
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: We evaluated birth cohort differences in depressive symptom burden, prevalence of depression diagnoses, and neuroticism, among Swedish 70-year-olds examined between 1976 and 2016. Methods: We used a repeated cross-sectional design examining four representative population samples of Swedish 70-year-olds (total n=2279) with identical methods in 1976-77 (n=392), 1992-93 (n=226), 2000-02 (n=487), and 2014-16 (n=1166). Depressive symptom burden was rated with the Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale. Major depression was diagnosed according to DSM-5, and minor depression according to DSM-IV-TR research criteria. Neuroticism was rated with the Eysenck Personality Inventory. Results: For women in 2014-16, MADRS score (4.4 vs. 6.1 vs. 5.8; p<0.05) and neuroticism (6.6 vs. 7.7 vs. 9.2; p<0.05) were lower compared to 1992-93 and 1976-77, and the prevalence of any depression was lower compared to 2000-02 and 1992-93 (10.9% vs. 16.9% vs. 18.1%; p<0.05). For men, we observed no birth cohort differences in depression, while neuroticism was found to be lower in 2014-16 compared to 1976-77 among men without depression (5.1 vs. 5.9; p<0.01). The sex difference for MADRS and neuroticism declined between 1976-77 and 2014-16 (cohort*sex p<0.05). Conclusions: Depressive burden and neuroticism decreased in 70-year-old women between 1976 and 2016.
|
|
| 7. |
- Rydberg Sterner, Therese, et al.
(författare)
-
Depression in relation to sex and gender expression among Swedish septuagenarians-Results from the H70 study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 15:9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Little is known about the role of gender expression (femininity, masculinity, or androgyny) in relation to sex differences in depression. This study tested if gender expression was associated with depression and burden of depressive symptoms in a 70-year-old population. Methods A cross-sectional population-based sample of 70-year-olds from The Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Study (n = 1203) was examined in 2014-16. Data were collected using psychiatric examinations and structured questionnaires, including the Positive-Negative Sex-Role Inventory to assess gender expression. Depression was diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria, and symptom burden was assessed with Montgomery angstrom sberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Results Gender expression was related to MADRS score and depression diagnosis. In fully adjusted models, feminine traits with low social desirability (FEM-) were associated with a higher MADRS score (R(2)0.16; B 0.16; CI 0.1-0.2), while androgyny (t ratio) (R(2)0.12; B 0.42; CI 0.1-0.7) and masculine traits with high social desirability (MAS+) (R(2)0.13; B -0.06; CI -0.1--0.01) were associated with a lower MADRS score. Also, feminine traits with low social desirability (FEM-) were positively associated with depression (OR 1.04; CI 1.01-1.1). No associations between depression and masculinity or androgyny were observed in adjusted models. There were no interactions between sex and gender expression in relation to depression or MADRS score, indicating that the effects of gender expression were similar in men and women. Conclusions We found that gender expression was associated to both depression and burden of depressive symptoms. More specifically, we found that femininity was associated to higher levels of depression, irrespective of biological sex. In addition, masculinity and androgyny were associated with lower levels of depression. These results highlight the importance of taking gender expression into consideration when studying sex differences in depression among older populations in future studies.
|
|
| 8. |
- Rydberg Sterner, Therese, et al.
(författare)
-
The Gothenburg H70 Birth cohort study 2014-16: design, methods and study population.
- 2019
-
Ingår i: European journal of epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7284 .- 0393-2990. ; 34:2, s. 191-209
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To improve health care for older persons, we need to learn more about ageing, e.g. identify protective factors and early markers for diseases. The Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies (the H70 studies) are multidisciplinary epidemiological studies examining representative birth cohorts of older populations in Gothenburg, Sweden. So far, six birth cohorts of 70-year-olds have been examined over time, and examinations have been virtually identical between studies. This paper describes the study procedures for the baseline examination of the Birth cohort 1944, conducted in 2014-16. In this study, all men and women born 1944 on specific dates, and registered as residents in Gothenburg, were eligible for participation (n=1839). A total of 1203 (response rate 72.2%; 559 men and 644 women; mean age 70.5years) agreed to participate in the study. The study comprised sampling of blood and cerebrospinal fluid, psychiatric, cognitive, and physical health examinations, examinations of genetics and family history, use of medications, social factors, functional ability and disability, physical fitness and activity, body composition, lung function, audiological and ophthalmological examinations, diet, brain imaging, as well as a close informant interview, and qualitative studies. As in previous examinations, data collection serves as a basis for future longitudinal follow-up examinations. The research gained from the H70 studies has clinical relevance in relation to prevention, early diagnosis, clinical course, experience of illness, understanding pathogenesis and prognosis. Results will increase our understanding of ageing and inform service development, which may lead to enhanced quality of care for older persons.
|
|
| 9. |
- Skoog, Therése, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
Ungdomars identitetsutveckling och idrottande
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Skolhälsan. - : Riksföreningen för Skolsköterskor / Swedish Association of School Nurses. - 0284-284X. ; :1, s. 12-13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
|
|
| 10. |
- Sorbring, Emma, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Parental attitudes and young people’s online sexual activities
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Sex Education. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1468-1811 .- 1472-0825. ; 15:2, s. 129-142
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Parental attitudes towards young people’s sexuality in traditional (i.e. non-online media) settings have been associated with young people’s sexual activities. In this study, we explored the association between key parent and youth characteristics and parental attitudes towards young people’s online sexual activities. We also examined the association between young people’s self-reported online sexual activities and parents’ attitudes. Questionnaires were completed by parents and young people in 496 families. Parents’ attitudes towards young people’s offline and online sexual activities were closely related, although parents are more accepting in an offline setting. Parents’ attitudes towards online sexuality are related to their sexual attitudes and their preferences with regard to the Internet. Parents’ attitudes differ depending on the sex of the parent and the sex and age of the child. The link between parents’ attitudes and young people’s online sexual activities appears to be mediated by parental rules.
|
|
