| 1. |
- Damery, Shannon, et al.
(författare)
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The complex position of migrant children in European legislation and education
- 2023
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Ingår i: Exploring the narratives and agency of children with migrant backgrounds within schools. - Milton Park and New York : Routledge. - 9781032377810 - 9781032377827 - 9781003341772 ; , s. 32-48
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Across Europe, migrant children often have lower educational outcomes than non-migrant children. This is a trajectory that can begin early in the school career and have long-term implications and is due to a host of school and non-school factors. This chapter offers an overview of migrant children’s protection, support and education as well as a synopsis of some of the legislation that impacts young migrants and their integration into schools. To this end, it highlights two contrasting cases (those of Belgium and Poland) in order to better illustrate the fact that even in countries with very different histories of migration, approaches to integration and school systems, there are many common obstacles facing migrant children in schools. Available data on the training of teachers and support workers, migrant children’s access to and placement in schools and the structural space for children’s agency in schools is presented here in order to illustrate the difference between policy and the lived reality of migrant children’s integration into schools. The treatment of children in policy and programming that is summarised here shows the complicated position migrant children occupy in policy, society and education systems.
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| 2. |
- Economou Lundeberg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Ventricular tachycardia risk prediction with an abbreviated duration mobile cardiac telemetry
- 2023
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Ingår i: Heart Rhythm O2. - 2666-5018. ; 4:8, s. 500-505
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Ventricular tachycardia (VT) occurs intermittently, unpredictably, and has potentially lethal consequences. Objective: Our aim was to derive a risk prediction model for VT episodes ≥10 beats detected on 30-day mobile cardiac telemetry based on the first 24 hours of the recording. Methods: We included patients who were monitored for 2 to 30 days in the United States using full-disclosure mobile cardiac telemetry, without any VT episode ≥10 beats on the first full recording day. An elastic net prediction model was derived for the outcome of VT ≥10 beats on monitoring days 2 to 30. Potential predictors included age, sex, and electrocardiographic data from the first 24 hours: heart rate; premature atrial and ventricular complexes occurring as singlets, couplets, triplets, and runs; and the fastest rate for each event. The population was randomly split into training (70%) and testing (30%) samples. Results: In a population of 19,781 patients (mean age 65.3 ± 17.1 years, 43.5% men), with a median recording time of 18.6 ± 9.6 days, 1510 patients had at least 1 VT ≥10 beats. The prediction model had good discrimination in the testing sample (area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve 0.7584, 95% confidence interval 0.7340–0.7829). A model excluding age and sex had an equally good discrimination (area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve 0.7579, 95% confidence interval 0.7332–0.7825). In the top quintile of the score, more than 1 in 5 patients had a VT ≥10 beats, while the bottom quintile had a 98.2% negative predictive value. Conclusion: Our model can predict risk of VT ≥10 beats in the near term using variables derived from 24-hour electrocardiography, and could be used to triage patients to extended monitoring.
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| 3. |
- Foertsch, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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It takes a village to enable participation and integration : Examining the meaning of social relationships from different perspectives
- 2023
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Ingår i: Exploring the Narratives and Agency of Children with Migrant Backgrounds within Schools. - : Routledge. - 9781032377810 - 9781003341772 ; , s. 49-72
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter concerns the importance of social relationships for the integration, participation, and identity formation of children with – and without – migrant background. Carefully differentiating between symmetric and asymmetric relationships, the chapter examines the impact of the social contexts in enabling or inhibiting the development of a hybrid identity and integration, but also how children experience, construct and shape their social environments. Analyses of interviews with children and professionals highlight the importance of identity construction and point to the consequences of such constructions for children's participation and integration. The interviews reveal commonalities and differences between dimensions of interest (e.g. developmental outcomes), social contexts (e.g., in providing opportunities and barriers), and perspectives (e.g. children vs. professionals). For example, while children's understanding of belonging and identity is often linked to everyday practices, teachers are focusing more on children’s achievement and emphasising its importance for participation and integration beyond school life.
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| 4. |
- Johnson, Linda S., et al.
(författare)
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Can 24 h of ambulatory ECG be used to triage patients to extended monitoring?
- 2023
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Ingår i: Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology. - 1082-720X. ; 28:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Access to long-term ambulatory recording to detect atrial fibrillation (AF) is limited for economical and practical reasons. We aimed to determine whether 24 h ECG (24hECG) data can predict AF detection on extended cardiac monitoring. Methods: We included all US patients from 2020, aged 17–100 years, who were monitored for 2–30 days using the PocketECG device (MEDICALgorithmics), without AF ≥30 s on the first day (n = 18,220, mean age 64.4 years, 42.4% male). The population was randomly split into equal training and testing datasets. A Lasso model was used to predict AF episodes ≥30 s occurring on days 2–30. Results: The final model included maximum heart rate, number of premature atrial complexes (PACs), fastest rate during PAC couplets and triplets, fastest rate during premature ventricular couplets and number of ventricular tachycardia runs ≥4 beats, and had good discrimination (ROC statistic 0.7497, 95% CI 0.7336–0.7659) in the testing dataset. Inclusion of age and sex did not improve discrimination. A model based only on age and sex had substantially poorer discrimination, ROC statistic 0.6542 (95% CI 0.6364–0.6720). The prevalence of observed AF in the testing dataset increased by quintile of predicted risk: 0.4% in Q1, 2.7% in Q2, 6.2% in Q3, 11.4% in Q4, and 15.9% in Q5. In Q1, the negative predictive value for AF was 99.6%. Conclusion: By using 24hECG data, long-term monitoring for AF can safely be avoided in 20% of an unselected patient population whereas an overall risk of 9% in the remaining 80% of the population warrants repeated or extended monitoring.
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| 5. |
- Rohr, Margund, et al.
(författare)
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“Then you want everyone to be friends, and [having] friends is important for learning, I think” : The Role of Peers in Children’s Integration, Participation and Learning
- 2024
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Ingår i: Revista Española de Sociología. - : Federacion Espanola de Sociologia. - 1578-2824 .- 2445-0367. ; 33:2, s. a215-a215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although the importance of social contexts in general and peer relationships in particular for integration and learning is widely recognized, the role of children as co-constructors in shaping these processes remains insufficiently considered. Previous studies either have focused on the individual or on macro-level-processes, thus, neglecting the micro- and meso-level with their emphasis on exchanges and interrelations among children and between children and their social environments. Addressing this gap and illuminating both levels, the present article combines Bronfenbrenner’s theory with the notion of "doing" peer relations, and brings together the perspectives of children and professionals. Analyses were based on qualitative interviews in four European countries that were realized within a larger project on integration and participation of migrant children. Results show the great potential of peer relations for integration and learning, which needs to be used more strongly. Conclusions for practitioners in the fields of education and social work will be discussed.
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| 6. |
- Tan, Jian Liang, et al.
(författare)
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Sex differences in presentation of atrial fibrillation : Findings from 30-day ambulatory monitoring in real-world practice
- 2022
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Ingår i: American Heart Journal Plus: Cardiology Research and Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 2666-6022. ; 22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Women are less likely to receive oral anticoagulation or ablation for treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). Identification of sex differences in arrhythmia characteristics and symptoms may lead to a better understanding of potential reasons for these differences. Objectives: To determine sex differences in AF with respect to heart rate, duration, burden, and symptoms in patients undergoing mobile cardiac telemetry (MCT) monitoring. Methods: All patients who registered for ≤30-day MCT using PocketECG (MediLynx) in the USA in 2017 were included (n = 27,512, 58 % women). PocketECG records and transmits a three-lead ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) with real-time beat-to-beat analysis. Sex-related differences were analyzed with Chi2 and Spearmans rho. Results: Fewer women than men were diagnosed with AF lasting ≥30s (13.7 % versus [vs] 19.0 %, p < 0.001). AF burden was lower in women in all age groups <90 years (all p < 0.01). Women were older at the time of AF diagnosis (median 76 vs 73 years, p < 0.001), had faster heart rate during AF (mean: 104.7 ± 26.0 vs 96.7 ± 26.7 bpm, p < 0.001), and shorter AF duration (mean: 96.2 ± 176.0 vs 121.6 ± 189.9 min, p < 0.001). There was a non-significant trend toward more symptoms (such as dizziness, racing heart, fatigue, or palpitations) during AF in women compared to men (46.5 % vs 43.7 %, p = 0.062). Conclusions: AF was less prevalent and occurred at lower burdens in women than men in each age strata. Despite faster heart rates in AF in women, there were no significant sex differences in reported symptoms during AF. Sex differences in therapy cannot be explained by differences in symptoms or rates in AF. Condensed abstract: Real-world data on sex differences in AF using a 30-day MCT monitoring device remain scarce. We aim to determine the sex differences in AF with respect to prevalence, burden, heart rate, and symptom in patients undergoing ≤30-day MCT monitoring. Our data analysis suggests that fewer women than men had AF, women were older at diagnosis of AF, and women with AF had higher mean heart rate, shorter mean AF duration, and lower mean AF burden than men. Further studies are needed to examine reasons for sex differences, specifically in relation to AF therapy and its impact on clinical outcomes.
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