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- Charlton, D. G., et al.
(författare)
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System tests of radiation hard optical links for the ATLAS semiconductor tracker
- 2000
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 443:03-feb, s. 430-446
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A prototype optical data and Timing Trigger and Control transmission system based on LEDs and PIN-diodes has been constructed. The system would be suitable in terms of radiation hardness and radiation length for use in the ATLAS SemiConductor Tracker. Bit error rate measurements were performed for the data links and for the links distributing the Timing, Trigger and Control data from the counting room to the front-end modules. The effects of cross-talk between the emitters and receivers were investigated. The advantages of using Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) instead of LEDs are discussed.
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| 5. |
- Akhmadaliev, S., et al.
(författare)
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Hadron energy reconstruction for the ATLAS calorimetry in the framework of the non-parametrical method
- 2002
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 480:03-feb, s. 508-523
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper discusses hadron energy reconstruction for the ATLAS barrel prototype combined calorimeter (consisting of a lead-liquid argon electromagnetic part and an iron-scintillator hadronic part) in the framework of the non-parametrical method. The non-parametrical method utilizes only the known e/h ratios and the electron calibration constants and does not require the determination of any parameters by a minimization technique. Thus, this technique lends itself to an easy use in a first level trigger. The reconstructed mean values of the hadron energies are within +/-1% of the true values and the fractional energy resolution is [(58+/-3)%/rootE+(2.5+/-0.3)%]circle plus(1.7+/-0.2)/E. The value of the e/h ratio obtained for the electromagnetic compartment of the combined calorimeter is 1.74+/-0.04 and agrees with the prediction that e/h > 1.66 for this electromagnetic calorimeter. Results of a study of the longitudinal hadronic shower development are also presented. The data have been taken in the H8 beam line of the CERN SPS using pions of energies from 10 to 300 GeV.
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| 6. |
- Andrieux, M. L., et al.
(författare)
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Construction and test of the first two sectors of the ATLAS barrel liquid argon presampler
- 2002
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 479:03-feb, s. 316-333
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electromagnetic (e.m.) calorimeter of the ATLAS experiment for the Large Hadron Collider will be a sampling liquid argon accordion calorimeter. To achieve sufficient energy resolution, it is necessary to correct for the energy loss in the material upstream of the calorimeter. For this purpose, a separate presampler detector fixed on the inner face of the e.m. calorimeter, in the same cryostat, is being built by the ATLAS collaboration. Two presampler sectors have already been built and tested in their final version. The geometry of the detector and the various steps of its construction are reviewed. The hardware performance of the detector measured both at CERN and at the ISN-Grenoble (specific test bench) is discussed. It is concluded that the presampler will adequately fulfill its role for future operation at the CERN Large Hadron Collider.
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| 8. |
- Cline, JM, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of hormonally active agents in the reproductive tract of female nonhuman primates
- 2001
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Ingår i: Toxicologic pathology. - : SAGE Publications. - 0192-6233 .- 1533-1601. ; 29:1, s. 84-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using the ovariectomized macaque model of postmenopausal women's health, we investigated the effects of long-term treatments (5 weeks—3 years) with estradiol, conjugated equine estrogens (CEE), esterified estrogens, progestins such as medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and nomegestrol acetate, CEE + MPA, tamoxifen, soybean phytoestrogens (SPEs), a variety of putative selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), and androgens. Agents tested were selected on the basis of beneficial effects on arteries and/ or bone. Doses were scaled on a caloric or serum-concentration basis to approximate human clinical doses. We evaluated endometrial and mammary gland histopathology and morphometry and used immunohistochemistry to evaluate cell proliferation and expression of estrogen receptor alpha and progesterone receptor (PR). Both estradiol and CEE induced endometrial hyperplasia. MPA antagonized epithelial proliferation induced by CEE in endometrium and induced pseudodecidual stromal hyperplasia in some animals. Tamoxifen induced endometrial polyps, cystic hyperplasia, stromal fi brosis, and PR expression but not Ki-67 expression. SPEs were not estrogenic at dietary doses and antagonized estrogen-induced proliferation in the endometrium and breast. Nandrolone induced mucometra and an adenomyosis-like change. The potential SERM 17 alpha dihydroequilenin did not have uterotrophic or mammotrophic effects. In general, experimental findings in macaques have been predictive of outcomes in human clinical trials of the same agents.
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