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- Arvidsson-Lenner, R, et al.
(författare)
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Glycaemic index
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Food and Nutrition. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1748-2976. ; 48:2, s. 84-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The glycaemic index (GI) concept is based on the difference in blood glucose response after ingestion of the same amount of carbohydrates from different foods, and possible implications of these differences for health, performance and well-being. GI is defined as the incremental blood glucose area (0-2 h) following ingestion of 50 g of available carbohydrates in the test product as a percentage of the corresponding area following an equivalent amount of carbohydrate from a reference product. A high GI is generally accompanied by a high insulin response. The glycaemic load (GL) is the GI×the amount (g) of carbohydrate in the food/100. Many factors affect the GI of foods, and GI values in published tables are indicative only, and cannot be applied directly to individual foods. Properly determined GI values for individual foods have been used successfully to predict the glycaemic response of a meal, while table values have not. An internationally recognised method for GI determination is available, and work is in progress to improve inter- and intra-laboratory performance. Some epidemiological studies and intervention studies indicate that low GI diets may favourably influence the risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes and coronary heart disease, although further well-controlled studies are needed for more definite conclusions. Low GI diets have been demonstrated to improve the blood glucose control, LDL-cholesterol and a risk factor for thrombosis in intervention studies with diabetes patients, but the effect in free-living conditions remains to be shown. The impact of GI in weight reduction and maintenance as well as exercise performance also needs further investigation. The GI concept should be applied only to foods providing at least 15 g and preferably 20 g of available carbohydrates per normal serving, and comparisons should be kept within the same food group. For healthy people, the significance of GI is still unclear and general labelling is therefore not recommended. If introduced, labelling should be product-specific and considered on a case-by-case basis.
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| 2. |
- Grant, P.A., et al.
(författare)
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Late pregnancy increases hepatic expression of insulin-like growth factor-I in well nourished guinea pigs
- 2005
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Ingår i: Growth Hormone & IGF Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1096-6374 .- 1532-2238. ; 15:2, s. 165-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Blood IGF-I concentrations are persistently elevated throughout pregnancy in humans and guinea pigs and may regulate substrate partitioning between mother and conceptus. In the guinea pig, liver and adipose tissue have recently been suggested to contribute to the increased levels of circulating IGF-I in mid-pregnancy, but whether this persists in late pregnancy in undernutrition is not known. Therefore the effect of pregnancy and undernutrition on circulating IGF-I and hepatic expression of IGF-I in late gestation in the guinea pig was examined. Female guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) were fed ad libitum throughout pregnancy or 70% of ad libitum intake for 28 days prior to and throughout pregnancy (term is 69 d). Non-pregnant animals were maintained for 88 days on the same diets. Plasma IGF-I was measured by RIA after molecular sieving chromatography at low pH. Abundances of IGF-I and ß-actin mRNA in maternal liver were quantified by digoxigenin-ELISA after RT PCR. Late pregnancy increased both the concentration of IGF-I protein (p < 0.001) in plasma and the relative abundance of liver IGF-I mRNA (p < 0.001) in ad libitum fed, but not in feed restricted pregnant guinea pigs. The concentration of IGF-I protein in plasma correlated positively with the relative abundance of IGF-I mRNA in liver overall (p < 0.002), suggesting the liver as a major source of endocrine IGF-I in late pregnant guinea pigs. This study demonstrates that hepatic expression of IGF-I remains elevated during late pregnancy in the well fed guinea pig, which is in contrast to that observed in other non-human species. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Hill, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Microfluidic and Transducer Technologies for Lab on a Chip Applications
- 2010
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Ingår i: 2010 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC). - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781424441242 ; , s. 305-307
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Point-of-care diagnostic devices typically require six distinct qualities: they must deliver at least the same sensitivity and selectivity, and for a cost per assay no greater than that of today's central lab technologies, deliver results in a short period of time (<15 min at GP; <2h in hospital), be portable or at least small in scale, and require no or extremely little sample preparation. State-of-the-art devices deliver information of several markers in the same measurement.
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| 7. |
- Aparicio, Francisco J., et al.
(författare)
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Transparent Nanometric Organic Luminescent Films as UV-Active Components in Photonic Structures
- 2011
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - : Wiley. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 23:6, s. 761-765
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new kind of visible-blind organic thin-film material, consisting of a polymeric matrix with a high concentration of embedded 3-hydroxyflavone (3HF) dye molecules, that absorbs UV light and emits green light is presented. The thin films can be grown on sensitive substrates, including flexible polymers and paper. Their suitability as photonic active components in photonic devices is demonstrated.
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| 8. |
- Barrios, C. A., et al.
(författare)
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Reconfiguration of microring resonators by liquid adhesion
- 2008
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 93:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a procedure to reconfigure microring resonators based on liquid surface adhesion. Droplets of organic solvents were deposited over Si3N4/SiO2 strip- and slot-waveguide ring resonators, and the transmission spectra were measured several hours after the evaporation of the droplets at room temperature. Our measurements show that the optical properties of the microrings are significantly modified by liquid adhered to the waveguides, persisting even 96 h after bulk evaporation. Liquid-solid interfacial forces slow down liquid evaporation at the nanoscale, enabling permanent photonic configurations. Rewriteability is achieved by removing the adhered liquid with heat.
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| 9. |
- Barrios, Carlos A., et al.
(författare)
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Slot-waveguide biochemical sensor (vol 32, pg 2080, 2007)
- 2008
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Ingår i: Optics Letters. - : OPTICAL SOC AMER. - 0146-9592 .- 1539-4794. ; 33:21, s. 2554-2555
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The group index, instead of the effective index, is used to analyze the performance of a Si(3)N(4)-SiO(2) slot-waveguide microring refractive index sensor [Opt. Lett. 32, 3080 (2007)]. Assuming that the slot is fully filled with liquid, excellent agreement is found between experimental results and calculations.
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| 10. |
- Becker, W, et al.
(författare)
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Kostråden är desamma trots olika utgångspunkter
- 2007
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 104:49, s. 3786-3787
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Göran Berglund och Livsmedelsverket landar i samma kostråd, trots olika utgångspunkter. Ökat intag av frukt och grönt och kostfibrer med samtidig energibalans innebär en fördelning mellan fett, protein och kolhydrater som anges i nuvarande näringsrekommendationer. Nya välgjorda studier visar att sambanden mellan fettintag, intag av olika fettsyror och hjärt–kärlsjukdom är mer komplexa än vad tidigare studier kunnat visa. Livsmedelsverkets inställning är att den kommande revideringen av rekommendationerna bör ske på ett än mer öppet, transparent och systematiskt sätt för att säkerställa kvaliteten.
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