| 1. |
- Schael, S, et al.
(författare)
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Precision electroweak measurements on the Z resonance
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physics Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 427:5-6, s. 257-454
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the final electroweak measurements performed with data taken at the Z resonance by the experiments operating at the electron-positron colliders SLC and LEP. The data consist of 17 million Z decays accumulated by the ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL experiments at LEP, and 600 thousand Z decays by the SLID experiment using a polarised beam at SLC. The measurements include cross-sections, forward-backward asymmetries and polarised asymmetries. The mass and width of the Z boson, m(Z) and Gamma(Z), and its couplings to fermions, for example the p parameter and the effective electroweak mixing angle for leptons, are precisely measured: m(Z) = 91.1875 +/- 0.0021 GeV, Gamma(Z) = 2.4952 +/- 0.0023 GeV, rho(l) = 1.0050 +/- 0.0010, sin(2)theta(eff)(lept) = 0.23153 +/- 0.00016. The number of light neutrino species is determined to be 2.9840 +/- 0.0082, in agreement with the three observed generations of fundamental fermions. The results are compared to the predictions of the Standard Model (SM). At the Z-pole, electroweak radiative corrections beyond the running of the QED and QCD coupling constants are observed with a significance of five standard deviations, and in agreement with the Standard Model. Of the many Z-pole measurements, the forward-backward asymmetry in b-quark production shows the largest difference with respect to its SM expectation, at the level of 2.8 standard deviations. Through radiative corrections evaluated in the framework of the Standard Model, the Z-pole data are also used to predict the mass of the top quark, m(t) = 173(+10)(+13) GeV, and the mass of the W boson, m(W) = 80.363 +/- 0.032 GeV. These indirect constraints are compared to the direct measurements, providing a stringent test of the SM. Using in addition the direct measurements of m(t) and m(W), the mass of the as yet unobserved SM Higgs boson is predicted with a relative uncertainty of about 50% and found to be less than 285 GeV at 95% confidence level. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Nguyen, Tien Son, et al.
(författare)
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Carbon vacancy-related defect in 4H and 6H SiC
- 2001
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 63:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrum was observed at temperatures above 25 K in p-type 4H and 6H SiC irradiated with electrons. The center has C-3V symmetry with an electron spin S= 1/2. Using high frequency (similar to 95 GHz) EPR it was possible to obtain the derailed hyperfine structure due to the interaction with the four nearest silicon neighbors, and to identify the defect as the carbon vacancy in the positive-charge state (VC+). The g values and hyper fine tensor of the center in both polytypes are almost the same and no dependence on the inequivalent lattice sites has been detected.
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| 3. |
- Nguyen, Tien Son, et al.
(författare)
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Intrinsic defects in silicon carbide polytypes
- 2001
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Ingår i: Materials Science Forum, Vols. 353-356. ; , s. 499-504
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) has been used for investigation of intrinsic defects in 4H and 6H SiC. At W-band frequency (similar to 95 GHz), the detailed structures of most of the EPR spectra in 4H and 6H SiC irradiated with electrons have been observed. We report our observation of two new EPR spectra, labelled EI1 ' and EI3 ', which are other configurations of the vacancy-related EI1 and EI3 centers. The transformation from the EI1 and EI3 centers to the EI1 ' and EI3 ' configurations, respectively, can be realised by annealing. Two new EPR spectra, labelled EI5 and EI6, with trigonal symmetry and spin S=1/2 were observed in irradiated p-type material. The EI5 and EI6 centers can be identified as the C vacancy and Si antisite in the positive-charge state.
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| 4. |
- Nguyen, Tien Son, et al.
(författare)
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Silicon antisite in 4H SiC
- 2001
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 87:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum with C-3V symmetry and a spin S = 1/2 has been observed in p-type, electron-irradiated 4H SiC. Based on the observed Si-29 hyperfine structures it is suggested that the defect is the isolated silicon antisite (Si-C). The spin S = 1/2 and the observation of the defect only in p-type material suggest that the Si-C is in the positive-charge state. A strong temperature dependence of the g value and hyperfine coupling constant of the Si-C+ center indicates a considerable lattice relaxation in the vicinity of the defect.
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| 5. |
- Ruilope, LM, et al.
(författare)
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Design and Baseline Characteristics of the Finerenone in Reducing Cardiovascular Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease Trial
- 2019
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Ingår i: American journal of nephrology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9670 .- 0250-8095. ; 50:5, s. 345-356
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <b><i>Background:</i></b> Among people with diabetes, those with kidney disease have exceptionally high rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and progression of their underlying kidney disease. Finerenone is a novel, nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that has shown to reduce albuminuria in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) while revealing only a low risk of hyperkalemia. However, the effect of finerenone on CV and renal outcomes has not yet been investigated in long-term trials. <b><i>Patients and</i></b> <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The Finerenone in Reducing CV Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIGARO-DKD) trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared to placebo at reducing clinically important CV and renal outcomes in T2D patients with CKD. FIGARO-DKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, event-driven trial running in 47 countries with an expected duration of approximately 6 years. FIGARO-DKD randomized 7,437 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥25 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> and albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 to ≤5,000 mg/g). The study has at least 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in the risk of the primary outcome (overall two-sided significance level α = 0.05), the composite of time to first occurrence of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> FIGARO-DKD will determine whether an optimally treated cohort of T2D patients with CKD at high risk of CV and renal events will experience cardiorenal benefits with the addition of finerenone to their treatment regimen. Trial Registration: EudraCT number: 2015-000950-39; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02545049.
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