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- Ambrosio, M, et al.
(författare)
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The MACRO detector at Gran Sasso
- 2002
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 486:3, s. 663-707
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- MACRO was an experiment that ran in the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso from 1988 to 2000. Its principal goal was to observe magnetic monopoles or set significantly lower experimental flux limits than had been previously available in the velocity range from about beta = 10(-4) to unity. In addition it made a variety of other observations. Examples are: setting flux limits on other so far unobserved particles such as nuclearites and lightly ionizing particles, searching for WIMP annihilations in the Earth and the Sun and for neutrino bursts from stellar collapses in or near our Galaxy, and making measurements relevant to high energy muon and neutrino astronomy and of the flux of up-going muons as a function of nadir angle showing evidence for neutrino oscillations. The apparatus consisted of three principal types of detectors: liquid scintillator counters, limited streamer tubes, and nuclear track etch detectors. In addition, over part of its area it contained a transition radiation detector. The general design philosophy emphasized redundancy and complementarity. This paper describes the technical aspects of the complete MACRO detector, its operational performance, and the techniques used to calibrate it and verify its proper operation. It supplements a previously published paper which described the first portion of the detector that was built and operated. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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- Elkoumy, Ahmed, et al.
(författare)
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ACURATE neo2 Transcatheter aortic valve implantation without balloon aortic valvuloplasty : direct ACURATE neo2
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 400
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: ACURATE neo2 (Neo2) implantation is performed after systematic Balloon Aortic Valvuloplasty (BAV) in most patients. No reports exist about the feasibility and safety of direct Neo2 transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in comparison to the standard practice. Aim: We aimed to identify the patients' baseline anatomical characteristics, procedural, and early post-procedural outcomes in patients treated using Neo2 with and without BAV. Methodology: This is a retrospective multicentre analysis of 499 patients with severe aortic stenosis who underwent TAVI using Neo2. The comparison was done according to the performance or omission of BAV. Echocardiography and computed tomography were analysed by an independent Core Lab. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed based on the annular diameter and AV calcium volume, which identified 84 matched pairs. Results: Among the cohort included, 391 (78%) patients received BAV (BAV-yes) and 108 (22%) were not attempted (BAV-no or Direct TAVI). Patients in BAV-no cohort had smaller annular diameter (22.6 vs 23.4 mm; p < 0.001) and lower calcium volume (163 vs 581 mm3; p < 0.001) compared to BAV-yes cohort. In the matched cohort, VARC-3 device technical success was similar (95%) and all other outcome measures were statistically comparable between cohorts. Conclusion: Direct TAVI using ACURATEneo2 without pre-TAVI balloon aortic valvuloplasty in patients with mild or less valve calcifications might be feasible and associated with comparable early outcomes compared to patients with similar anatomical features undergoing systematic balloon valvuloplasty.
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- Kular, L, et al.
(författare)
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DNA methylation as a mediator of HLA-DRB1*15:01 and a protective variant in multiple sclerosis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 9:1, s. 2397-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotype DRB1*15:01 is the major risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, we find that DRB1*15:01 is hypomethylated and predominantly expressed in monocytes among carriers of DRB1*15:01. A differentially methylated region (DMR) encompassing HLA-DRB1 exon 2 is particularly affected and displays methylation-sensitive regulatory properties in vitro. Causal inference and Mendelian randomization provide evidence that HLA variants mediate risk for MS via changes in the HLA-DRB1 DMR that modify HLA-DRB1 expression. Meta-analysis of 14,259 cases and 171,347 controls confirms that these variants confer risk from DRB1*15:01 and also identifies a protective variant (rs9267649, p < 3.32 × 10−8, odds ratio = 0.86) after conditioning for all MS-associated variants in the region. rs9267649 is associated with increased DNA methylation at the HLA-DRB1 DMR and reduced expression of HLA-DRB1, suggesting a modulation of the DRB1*15:01 effect. Our integrative approach provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of MS susceptibility and suggests putative therapeutic strategies targeting a methylation-mediated regulation of the major risk gene.
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- Vejlstrup, N., et al.
(författare)
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Long-Term Outcome of Mustard/Senning Correction for Transposition of the Great Arteries in Sweden and Denmark
- 2015
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Ingår i: Circulation. - : American Heart Association. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 132:8, s. 633-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The atrial switch operation, the Mustard or Senning operation, for the transposition of the great arteries (TGA) was introduced in the late 1950s and was the preferred surgery for TGA until the early 1990s. The Mustard and Senning operation involves extensive surgery in the atria and leaves the right ventricle as the systemic ventricle. The Mustard and Senning cohort is now well into adulthood and we begin to see the long-term outcome. METHODS AND RESULTS: All the 6 surgical centers that performed Mustard and Senning operations in Sweden and Denmark identified all operated TGA patients. Information about death was obtained in late 2007 and early 2008 from the Danish and Swedish Centralised Civil Register by using the patients' unique national Civil Registration Numbers. Four hundred sixty-eight patients undergoing the atrial switch operation were identified. Perioperative 30-day mortality was 20%, and 60% were alive after 30 years of follow-up. Perioperative mortality was significantly increased by the presence of a ventricular septal defect, left ventricular outflow obstruction, surgery early in the Mustard and Senning era. However, only pacemaker implantation is predictive of long-term outcome (hazard ratio, 1.90; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-3.46, P=0.04), once the TGA patient has survived the perioperative period. The risk of reoperation was correlated to the presence of associated defects and where the first Mustard/Senning operation was performed. CONCLUSIONS: The long-term survival of patients with Mustard and Senning correction for TGA appears to be primarily determined by factors in the right ventricle and tricuspid valve and not the timing of or the type of surgery in childhood. Cardiac function necessitating the implantation of a pacemaker is associated with an increase in mortality.
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- Boudigaard, S. H., et al.
(författare)
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A follow-up study of occupational styrene exposure and risk of autoimmune rheumatic diseases
- 2020
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Ingår i: Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : BMJ. - 1351-0711 .- 1470-7926. ; 77:2, s. 64-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives Increased risk has been suggested for autoimmune rheumatic diseases following solvent exposure. The evidence for specific solvents is limited, and little is known about exposure-response relations. Styrene is an aromatic, organic solvent and the objective of this study was to analyse the association between occupational styrene exposure and autoimmune rheumatic diseases in men and women. Methods We followed 72 212 styrene-exposed workers of the Danish reinforced plastics industry from 1979 to 2012. We modelled full work history of styrene exposure from employment history, survey data and historical styrene exposure measurements. We identified cases in the national patient registry and investigated gender-specific exposure-response relations by cumulative styrene exposure for different exposure time windows adjusting for age, calendar year and educational level. Results During 1 515 126 person-years of follow-up, we identified 718 cases of an autoimmune rheumatic disease, of which 73% were rheumatoid arthritis. When adjusting for potential confounders and comparing the highest with the lowest styrene exposure tertile, we observed a statistically non-significantly increased risk of systemic sclerosis among women (incidence rate ratio (IRR)=2.50; 95% CI 0.50 to 12.50) and men (IRR=1.86; 95 % CI 0.50 to 7.00), based on 9 and 22 cases, respectively. Results were inconsistent for the other autoimmune rheumatic diseases examined. Conclusion This study suggests an association between occupational styrene exposure and systemic sclerosis in men as well as in women but based on few cases. This is a new finding and has to be replicated before conclusions can be drawn.
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