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- Castiglione, Alessandro, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Correspondence Between Cognitive and Audiological Evaluations Among the Elderly : A Preliminary Report of an Audiological Screening Model of Subjects at Risk of Cognitive Decline With Slightto Moderate Hearing Loss
- 2019
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Neuroscience. - Lausanne : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1662-4548 .- 1662-453X. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epidemiological studies show increasing prevalence rates of cognitive decline and hearing loss with age, particularly after the age of 65 years. These conditions are reported to be associated, although conclusive evidence of causality and implications is lacking. Nevertheless, audiological and cognitive assessment among elderly people is a key target for comprehensive and multidisciplinary evaluation of the subject's frailty status. To evaluate the use of tools for identifying older adults at risk of hearing loss and cognitive decline and to compare skills and abilities in terms of hearing and cognitive performances between older adults and young subjects, we performed a prospective cross-sectional study using supraliminal auditory tests. The relationship between cognitive assessment results and audiometric results was investigated, and reference ranges for different ages or stages of disease were determined. Patients older than 65 years with different degrees of hearing function were enrolled. Each subject underwent an extensive audiological assessment, including tonal and speech audiometry, Italian Matrix Sentence Test, and speech audiometry with logatomes in quiet. Cognitive function was screened and then verified by experienced clinicians using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Score, the Geriatric Depression Scale, and further investigations in some. One hundred twenty-three subjects were finally enrolled during 2016-2019: 103 were >65 years of age and 20 were younger participants (as controls). Cognitive functions showed a correlation with the audiological results in post-lingual hearing-impaired patients, in particular in those affected by slight to moderate hearing loss and aged more than 70 years. Audiological testing can thus be useful in clinical assessment and identification of patients at risk of cognitive impairment. The study was limited by its sample size (CI 95%; CL 10%), strict dependence on language, and hearing threshold. Further investigations should be cond
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| 2. |
- Favaretto, Niccolò, et al.
(författare)
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Cochlear implant outcomes in the elderly : a uni- and multivariate analyses of prognostic factors
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. - Berlin, Germany : Springer. - 0937-4477 .- 1434-4726. ; 276:111, s. 3089-3094
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To assess preoperative features that could predict the audiological outcome after cochlear implantation in the elderly, in terms of pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry, and speech perception performance. Methods: All available records of patients with cochlear implants aged 65 or more at the time of their implantation at our Institution were reviewed (50 patients, mean age 70.76 ± 4.03 years), recording preoperative clinical features. Pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry, and speech perception performance 1 year after cochlear implant activation and fitting were used as outcome measures. Results: No statistically significant association emerged between clinical features and pure tone audiometry. On univariate analysis, progressive sensorineural hearing loss of unknown origin was associated with a better outcome in terms of speech audiometry and speech perception performance (p = 0.035 and p = 0.033, respectively). On multivariate analysis, progressive sensorineural hearing loss retained its independent prognostic significance in terms of speech perception performance (p = 0.042). The discriminatory power of a two-variable panel (age and etiology of hearing loss) featured an AUC (ROC) of 0.738 (an acceptable discriminatory power according to the Hosmer-Lemeshow scale). Conclusions: A progressive sensorineural hearing loss of unknown origin was associated with a better outcome in terms of speech perception in the elderly in our case study. Further features that can predict audiological outcome achievable with cochlear implants in the elderly are desirable to perform adequate counselling and rehabilitation programs.
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| 3. |
- Ferrari, Raffaele, et al.
(författare)
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Frontotemporal dementia and its subtypes: a genome-wide association study.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Lancet Neurology. - 1474-4465. ; 13:7, s. 686-699
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a complex disorder characterised by a broad range of clinical manifestations, differential pathological signatures, and genetic variability. Mutations in three genes-MAPT, GRN, and C9orf72-have been associated with FTD. We sought to identify novel genetic risk loci associated with the disorder.
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| 4. |
- Sorrentino, Alessandro, et al.
(författare)
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The type I TGF-beta receptor engages TRAF6 to activate TAK1 in a receptor kinase-independent manner
- 2008
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Ingår i: Nature Cell Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1465-7392 .- 1476-4679. ; 10:10, s. 1199-1207
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine that regulates embryonic development and tissue homeostasis; however, aberrations of its activity occur in cancer. TGF-β signals through its Type II and Type I receptors (TβRII and TβRI) causing phosphorylation of Smad proteins. TGF-β-associated kinase 1 (TAK1), a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK) family, was originally identified as an effector of TGF-β-induced p38 activation. However, the molecular mechanisms for its activation are unknown. Here we report that the ubiquitin ligase (E3) TRAF6 interacts with a consensus motif present in TβRI. The TβRI–TRAF6 interaction is required for TGF-β-induced autoubiquitylation of TRAF6 and subsequent activation of the TAK1–p38/JNK pathway, which leads to apoptosis. TβRI kinase activity is required for activation of the canonical Smad pathway, whereas E3 activity of TRAF6 regulates the activation of TAK1 in a receptor kinase-independent manner. Intriguingly, TGF-β-induced TRAF6-mediated Lys 63-linked polyubiquitylation of TAK1 Lys 34 correlates with TAK1 activation. Our data show that TGF-β specifically activates TAK1 through interaction of TβRI with TRAF6, whereas activation of Smad2 is not dependent on TRAF6.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Trani, Marianna, et al.
(författare)
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Pro-apoptotic effect of aurothiomalate in prostate cancer cells
- 2009
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Ingår i: Cell Cycle. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1538-4101 .- 1551-4005. ; 8:2, s. 306-313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been recently demonstrated that small gold compounds could have a potential anti-tumoral activity. Here, we report that aurothiomalate (ATM), a gold compound already used in clinical therapy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, has a pro-apoptotic effect in aggressive prostate cancer (PC3U) cells. In contrast, treatment of human primary epithelial prostate cells (PrEC) with ATM did not cause apoptosis. We demonstrated that ATM is able to disrupt the PKCiota-Par6 complex in PC3U cells and that this disruption leads to the activation of ERK in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, we also showed that ERK acts upstream of the activation of caspase 3, leading to apoptosis. ATM treatment also causes activation of p38 and JNK MAP kinases. Moreover we could link ATM treatment to activation of the mitochondrial or so called intrinsic pathway, as we observed release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytoplasm, suggesting that the mitochondrial pathway is involved in the pro-apoptotic effect mediated by ATM. Taken together our data suggest that ATM could be a new promising drug for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer.
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