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| 2. |
- Belichenko, P, et al.
(författare)
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Dendritic morphology in epileptogenic cortex from TRPE patients, revealed by intracellular Lucifer Yellow microinjection and confocal laser scanning microscopy.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Epilepsy research. - 0920-1211. ; 18:3, s. 233-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biopsy material was obtained from cortical epileptogenic zones (eight temporal, one occipital, one parietal and one frontal) of eleven patients aged 1.5-47 years with therapy-resistant partial epilepsy (TRPE) undergoing epilepsy surgery. Control autopsy material (two temporal, two occipital, one parietal and one frontal) was removed from six neurologically healthy cases within 6-10 hours postmortem delay. In each specimen, 100-300 pyramidal and non-pyramidal neurons were visualized by intracellular Lucifer Yellow microinjection. Single neurons were imaged using CLSM generated serial optical sections; 2-D reconstruction of each neuron was made using z-projection of serial optical images, and 3-D reconstructions and rotations were computerized. Neuronal maps from TRPE biopsies, compared to control autopsies, show markedly increased numbers of dendritic abnormalities of single pyramidal and non-pyramidal neurons in layers I, II-III, V-VII, and in the subcortical white matter. The abnormalities include: (1) increased number of non-pyramidal cells in layer I; (2) many pyramidal cells with two or three dendrites originating apically, rather than one single apical dendrite, in layers II-III; (3) atypical orientation of oblique apical and basal dendrites in pyramidal neurons of layers II-VII; (4) increased number of atypical 'dinosaur-like' and fusiform cells in layers V-VII; (5) numerous neurons in the white matter. These abnormalities may be etiological in cases with early onset, and predisposing in cases with late onset.
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| 6. |
- Gordh, Torsten E., et al.
(författare)
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Swedenborg, Linnaeus and brain research and the roles of Gustaf Retzius and Alfred Stroh in the rediscovery of Swedenborg's manuscripts
- 2007
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Ingår i: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. - 0300-9734 .- 2000-1967. ; 112:2, s. 143-164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Emanuel Swedenborg (1688 - 1772) at the end of his long life became famous as a visionary mystic and founder of a new religion. However, at younger age, he was recognized as a prominent mining engineer and natural philosopher, particularly interested in geology, mineralogy, cosmology, paleontology and last but not least physiology of the brain. In his Oeconomica regni animalis (1740) and in several posthumously published extensive manuscripts, he described and analyzed e. g. the structural and functional organization of the cerebral cortex, the hierarchical construction of the nervous system, the localization of the cerebrospinal fluid and the secretory functions of the pituitary gland. In these fields, he presented remarkable insights and far reaching conclusions which in some cases have been experimentally verified in modern times. In spite of family relations Swedenborg rarely met the 19 years younger Linnaeus. Linnaeus was not only the founder of the systemic botany but as physician a keen and to some extent original observer of neurological symptoms; one of the first who adequately described motor aphasia. To regard these two men, among the few Swedish authors of the 18(th) century whose names are still internationally well known, as early precursors of neurological research, seems justified. The young Canadian, Alfred H. Stroh (1878 - 1922), had a crucial importance for the research on the works of Swedenborg, and the rediscovery of his manuscripts. His work was supported and financed to a large extent by professor Gustaf Retzius, at that time the most prominent Swedish researcher in anatomy and histology. There are many reasons to be thankful for the important contributions made by Alfred Stroh and Gustaf Retzius to stimulate the interest for Emanuel Swedenborg in Sweden and internationally.
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| 7. |
- Hansen, Stefan, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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The development of sexual behavior in the rat: role of preadult nutrition and environmental conditions.
- 1978
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Ingår i: Developmental psychobiology. - : Wiley. - 0012-1630 .- 1098-2302. ; 11:1, s. 51-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rats were subjected to pre- and postnatal undernutrition by restricting the food intake of their mothers (U); another group of rats was normally fed (N). Each nutrition group was divided into 3 subgroups by varying the degree of environmental stimulation: animals in the Max group were stimulated by handling and enriched rearing conditions; the Min group rats were subjected to social isolation; rats in the control condition (C) were raised under ordinary laboratory conditions. The onset of sexual activity was not affected in the U-C male rats, but was delayed in both U-Min and N-Min rats. Although no difference existed in the age of puberty between the N-Max and N-C animals, the U-Max rats displayed an advancement of puberty by 7 days in comparison to the U-C rats. Undernutrition did not affect female sexual maturation; however the Max condition delayed this process in both nutrition groups.
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| 9. |
- Obel, C, et al.
(författare)
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The strengths and difficulties questionnaire in the Nordic countries
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Child Adolescent Psychiatry. ; 13:suppl 2, s. 1132-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) has been translated into the different Nordic languages between 1996 and 2003. During the past few years, SDQs have been completed for nearly 100,000 children and adolescents in population-based studies as well as in clinical samples. The largest studies have been performed in Norway and Denmark, and in these countries the diagnostic interview DAWBA has also been used in conjunction with the SDQ. AIMS: In addition to a brief overview of past and ongoing SDQ work in Sweden, Finland, Norway, Denmark, and Iceland, we present scale means and standard deviations from selected community studies with comparable age groups, including parental reports for 7, 9 and 11 year-old children and self-reports of 13 and 15 year-olds. CONCLUSIONS: The descriptive statistics suggest that the distributions of SDQ scores are very similar across the Nordic countries. Further collaborative efforts in establishing norms and evaluating the validity of the SDQ as a screening instrument are encouraged.
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