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| 2. |
- Carlsson, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Towards a screening tool for housing accessibility problems: a reduced version of the Housing Enabler.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Gerontology. - : SAGE Publications. - 1552-4523 .- 0733-4648. ; 28:1, s. 59-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To present a reduced version of the Housing Enabler, useful as a screening tool in practice contexts and in research, this study identifies the core items of the environmental component of the instrument, that is, the items most important in terms of the instrument's overall validity to measure accessibility problems. Utilizing cross-national data and interdisciplinary knowledge through an iterative process, a set of core items was identified. The environmental component of the reduced version comprises 61 items, compared to 188 in the original instrument. The rank correlation between the accessibility scores generated by the original and reduced versions was r ≥ .97 (p < .001). Based on comprehensive empirical research in three countries, the reduced version of the Housing Enabler is a time-efficient and valid screening instrument. It is a powerful tool for research and interventions focusing on housing accessibility problem identification.
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| 3. |
- Almén, Mai, et al.
(författare)
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Planering och utformning för fotgängare med fokus på personer med synnedsättningar
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Trafikverket har ansvar för att förverkliga den beslutade funktionshinderspolitiken, som regleras i regeringsuppdrag och i en särskild förordning, SFS 2014:135. Trafikverket ska vara ett föredöme när det gäller tillgänglighet för personer med funktionsnedsättning, och bidra till allas delaktighet i samhället. Syftet med den föreliggande kunskapssammanställningen är att samla den kunskap som finns utifrån den forskning, som finansierats av Trafikverket (och även tidigare Vägverket) liksom på den kunskap som finns genom beprövad erfarenhet. Avsikten är att visa hur man kan utforma utemiljön för personer med synnedsättningar även då hänsyn tagits till andra gruppers behov. Genom denna skrift vill Trafikverket bidra till att öka tillgängligheten och användbarheten till transportsystemets olika delar. Alla ska, oavsett förmågor, kunna ta sig fram i utemiljön.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Anskär, Eva, 1957-
(författare)
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Time flies in primary care : a study on time utilisation and perceived psychosocial work environment
- 2019
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Time utilisation among primary care professionals has been affected by structural changes and reorganisation performed in Swedish primary care over several decades. The work situation is complex with a heavy administrative work load. The overall aim with this thesis was to describe time utilisation among staff in Swedish primary care and to investigate associations with perceived psychosocial work environment and legitimacy of work tasks.Methods: A multicentre, descriptive, cross-sectional study design was used including all staff categories in primary care i.e. registered nurses, primary care physicians, care administrators, nurse assistants and allied professionals (physiotherapists, occupational therapists, psychologists, counsellors, dieticians and chiropodists) at eleven primary care centres located in southeast Sweden. The data collection consisted of a questionnaire including a subjective estimate of workload, the Bern Illegitimate Tasks Scale (BITS) and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). Also, a time study was performed, where the participants reported their work time based on three main categories; direct patient work tasks, indirect patient work tasks and other work tasks, each with a number of subcategories. The participants reported time spent on different work tasks, day by day during two separate weeks. Response rates were 75% for the questionnaire and 79% for the time study.Results: In paper I the time study revealed that health professionals at the primary care centres spent 37% of their work time with direct patient work tasks. All professions estimated a higher proportion of time spent directly with patients than they reported in the time study. Physicians scored highest on the psychosocial scales of quantitative demands, stress and role conflicts. The proportion of administrative work tasks was associated with role conflicts, the more administration the more role conflicts. Findings in paper II were that more than a quarter of physicians scored above the cut-off value for BITS regarding unnecessary work tasks, which was significantly more than the proportion observed in all other professions in the survey. Across all staff groups, a perception of having to perform illegitimate work tasks was associated with experiencing negative psychosocial work environment and with high proportion of administrative-related work tasks.Conclusions: Swedish primary care staff spend a limited proportion of their work time directly with patients and primary care physicians perceive the psychosocial work environment in negative terms to a greater extent than all other staff members. Allocation of work tasks has an influence on the perceived psychosocial work environment. The perception of having a large number of illegitimate work tasks affects the psychosocial work environment negatively, which might influence the perception the staff have of their professional roles. Perception of high proportion of unreasonable work tasks is associated with a high proportion of non-patient-related administration.This thesis illuminates the importance of decision makers thoroughly considering the distribution and allocation of non-patient related work tasks among staff in primary care, in order to achieve efficient use of personnel resources and favourable working conditions. Hopefully, the results of this study will contribute to further development of primary care so that medical competence will benefit patients as much as possible.
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| 6. |
- Aschim, Elin L, et al.
(författare)
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The RsaI polymorphism in the ER{beta} gene is associated with male infertility.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 90:Jul 5, s. 5343-5348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Hypospadias, cryptorchidism, testicular cancer, and low semen quality have been proposed as being parts of the testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS) hypothetically due to changes in the androgen- estrogen balance in utero. Estrogens and estrogen receptors (ERs) play a role in regulating testicular function. ER beta contains two silent polymorphisms, RsaI (G1082A) and AluI (G1730A). Objective: We investigated the significance of these polymorphisms in the etiology of disorders being part of TDS. Setting: The patients were recruited consecutively through university hospital clinics. Participants: Four groups of Caucasian patients were included: 106 men from infertile couples with a sperm concentration less than 5 x 106 spermatozoa/ ml, 86 testicular cancer patients, 51 boys with hypospadias, and 23 cases with cryptorchidism. Military conscripts (n = 186) with sperm concentration higher than 5 x 10(6) spermatozoa/ ml served as controls. Main Outcome Measures: ER beta polymorphisms RsaI and AluI were determined by allele-specific PCR. In addition, reproductive hormone analyses were performed in controls and infertile men. Results: Compared with the controls, the frequency of the heterozygous RsaI AG-genotype was three times higher in infertile men (13.2 vs. 4.3%; P = 0.01). The heterozygous RsaI AG-genotype was associated with an approximately 20% reduction in LH concentration, compared with the wild-type RsaI GG genotype in both controls and infertile men. Subjects with testicular cancer, hypospadias, or cryptorchidism did not differ from controls regarding the frequency of any of the polymorphisms. Conclusions: Polymorphisms in ER beta may have modulating effects on human spermatogenesis. The phenotype of TDS seems to be, at least partly, determined by the genotype.
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| 7. |
- Asp, Michaela, et al.
(författare)
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A Spatiotemporal Organ-Wide Gene Expression and Cell Atlas of the Developing Human Heart
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cell. - : CELL PRESS. - 0092-8674 .- 1097-4172. ; 179:7, s. 1647-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The process of cardiac morphogenesis in humans is incompletely understood. Its full characterization requires a deep exploration of the organ-wide orchestration of gene expression with a single-cell spatial resolution. Here, we present a molecular approach that reveals the comprehensive transcriptional landscape of cell types populating the embryonic heart at three developmental stages and that maps cell-type-specific gene expression to specific anatomical domains. Spatial transcriptomics identified unique gene profiles that correspond to distinct anatomical regions in each developmental stage. Human embryonic cardiac cell types identified by single-cell RNA sequencing confirmed and enriched the spatial annotation of embryonic cardiac gene expression. In situ sequencing was then used to refine these results and create a spatial subcellular map for the three developmental phases. Finally, we generated a publicly available web resource of the human developing heart to facilitate future studies on human cardiogenesis.
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| 8. |
- Asp, Michaela, et al.
(författare)
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An organ‐wide gene expression atlas of the developing human heart
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The human developing heart holds a greater proportion of stem-cell-like cells than the adult heart. However, it is not completely understood how these stem cells differentiate into various cardiac cell types. We have performed an organ-wide transcriptional landscape analysis of the developing heart to advance our understanding of cardiac morphogenesis in humans. Comprehensive spatial gene expression analyses identified distinct profiles that correspond not only to individual chamber compartments, but also distinctive regions within the outflow tract. Furthermore, the generated spatial expression reference maps facilitated the assignment of 3,787 human embryonic cardiac cells obtained from single-cell RNA-sequencing to an in situlocation. Through this approach we reveal that the outflow tract contains a wider range of cell types than the chambers, and that the epicardium expression profile can be traced to several cell types that are activated at different stages of development. We also provide a 3D spatial model of human embryonic cardiac cells to enable further studies of the developing human heart.
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| 9. |
- Balducci, Francesco, et al.
(författare)
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“How Far Is the Closest Bus Stop?” : An Evaluation of Self-Reported versus GIS-Computed Distance to the Bus among Older People and Factors Influencing Their Perception of Distance
- 2023
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Ingår i: Geomatics. - 2673-7418. ; 3:4, s. 580-596
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research showed that living closer to bus stops could be a factor in promoting a healthy and active lifestyle. However, most of the studies relied on self-reported measures of distance, which might be affected by several confounders. In this study, self-reported distances among study participants were compared to actual ones, computed by the use of GIS (Geographic Information System) technology and routing algorithms. We tested whether distance to the bus stop is associated with health and socioeconomic conditions of the respondents, using data among 2398 older people (75–90 years) in three cities in Sweden. We found that several variables including older age, female gender, living alone, and worse health status are associated with an over-estimation of bus stop distance. People who use public transport daily or several times a week and are satisfied with the walking environment in the neighbourhood tend to underestimate bus stop distances. Evidence based on self-reported measures only should be treated cautiously. Considering the limitations still present in open-data-based routing algorithms, the best indication is to combine the subjective with the objective measure of distance. Having the possibility to combine the two measures appears as a sound strategy to overcome the limitations associated with each single measure.
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