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| 2. |
- Gremmen, Mariola, et al.
(författare)
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Adolescents’ Friendships, Academic Achievement, and Risk Behaviors : Same-Behavior and Cross-Behavior Selection and Influence Processes
- 2019
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Ingår i: Child Development. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0009-3920 .- 1467-8624. ; 90:2, s. E192-E211
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined to what extent adolescents’ and their friends’ risk behaviors (i.e., delinquency and alcohol use) hinder or promote their academic achievement (grade point average [GPA]), and vice versa. Longitudinal data were used (N = 1,219 seventh- to ninth-grade adolescents; Mage = 13.69). Results showed that risk behaviors negatively affected adolescents’ GPA, whereas GPA protected against engaging in risk behaviors. Moreover, adolescents tended to select friends who have similar behaviors and friends’ behaviors became more similar over time (same-behavior selection and influence). Furthermore, although same-behavior effects seemed to dominate, evidence was found for some cross-behavior selection effects and a tendency in seventh grade for cross-behavior influence effects. Concluding, it is important to investigate the interplay between different behaviors with longitudinal social network analysis.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Babarro, Javier Martín, et al.
(författare)
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Power Structure inthe Peer Group: The Role of Classroom Cohesion and Hierarchy in Peer Acceptance and Rejection of Victimized and Aggressive Students
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Early Adolescence. - : Sage Publications. - 0272-4316 .- 1552-5449. ; 37:9, s. 1197-1220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study addresses the interacting effects of classroom cohesion and hierarchy on the relationships between victimization and aggression withpeer acceptance and rejection. Classroom cohesion and hierarchy were constructed from friendship nominations. Multilevel analysis conducted in asample of seventh- and eighth-grade students from the Sociescuela programin Spain (N = 6,600) showed that in cohesive and hierarchical classrooms, a higher level of victimization was found; peer rejection was more strongly associated with victimization. In contrast to previous research, for males, aggression was more strongly associated with peer acceptance in less hierarchized classrooms.
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| 5. |
- Block, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Change we can believe in: Comparing longitudinal network modelson consistency, interpretability and predictive power
- 2018
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Ingår i: Social Networks. - : Elsevier. - 0378-8733 .- 1879-2111. ; 52, s. 180-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While several models for analysing longitudinal network data have been proposed, their main differ-ences, especially regarding the treatment of time, have not been discussed extensively in the literature.However, differences in treatment of time strongly impact the conclusions that can be drawn from data.In this article we compare auto-regressive network models using the example of TERGMs – a temporalextensions of ERGMs – and process-based models using SAOMs as an example. We conclude that theTERGM has, in contrast to the ERGM, no consistent interpretation on tie-level probabilities, as well as noconsistent interpretation on processes of network change. Further, parameters in the TERGM are stronglydependent on the interval length between two time-points. Neither limitation is true for process-basednetwork models such as the SAOM. Finally, both compared models perform poorly in out-of-sampleprediction compared to trivial predictive models.
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| 6. |
- Brouwer, Jasperina, et al.
(författare)
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Emergent achievement segregation in freshmenlearning community networks
- 2018
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Ingår i: Higher Education. - : Springer Netherlands. - 0018-1560 .- 1573-174X. ; 76:3, s. 483-500
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A common assumption about Freshmen Learning Communities (FLCs) is that academic relationships contribute to students’ success. This study investigates how students inlearning communities connect with fellow students for friendship and academic support. Longitudinal social network data across the first year, collected from 95 Dutch students in eight FLCs, measure both social and academic relational choices within and beyond the FLCs. Using stochastic actor-based models, the study tests two competing hypotheses. The alignment hypothesis states that students connect with their similar-achieving friends for both academic and social support, leading to an alignment of both types of networks over time. In contrast, the duality hypothesis states dissimilarity between academic support networks and friendship networks: students should connect with better-achieving fellow students for academic support and to more similar peers for friendship. The data support the alignment hypothesis but not the duality hypothesis; in addition, they show evidence of achievement segregation in FLCs: the higher the students’ achievement level, the more they connect with other students for both academic support and friendship, relating in particular to peers with a similarly high achievement level. The results suggest that lower-achieving students are excluded from the support provided by higher achieving students and instead ask similar lower achievers for support. They thus cannot benefit optimally from the academic integration FLC offer. The article concludes with recommendations of how to support students in an FLC so that they can reach optimal achievement potential.
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| 7. |
- Brouwer, Jasperina, et al.
(författare)
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The development of peer networks and academic performance in learning communities in higher education
- 2022
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Ingår i: Learning and instruction. - Oxford, United Kingdom : Elsevier. - 0959-4752 .- 1873-3263. ; 80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In learning communities, students share their knowledge which might contribute to academic performance. This study disentangles peer selection from influence processes in modelling first-year students’ academic performance after the transition to university. Longitudinal peer network data were obtained from 95 bachelor students at two time points in a social sciences study programme with eight learning communities. Using co-evolution modelling in RSiena, we found that students help each other more often when they are already friends and students who help each other academically are more likely to become friends. The higher a student performs, the more often the student is selected as a friend or as an academic helper and the more often this higher-performing student initiates friendship and academic help relationships. Although learning communities are often implemented to enhance academic performance, we did not find evidence that peer relationships in learning communities influence academic performance.
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| 8. |
- Burk, William J., et al.
(författare)
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Beyond dyadic interdependence : actor-oriented models for co-evolving social networks and individual behaviors
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Development. - : SAGE Publications. - 0165-0254 .- 1464-0651. ; 31:4, s. 397-404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Actor-oriented models are described as a longitudinal strategy for examining the co-evolution of social networks and individual behaviors. We argue that these models provide advantages over conventional approaches due to their ability to account for inherent dependencies between individuals embedded in a social network (i.e., reciprocity, transitivity) and model interdependencies between network and behavioral dynamics. We provide a brief explanation of actor-oriented processes, followed by a description of parameter estimates, model specification, and selection procedures used by the Simulation Investigation for Empirical Network Analyses (SIENA) software program (Snijders, Steglich, Schweinberger, & Huisman, 2006). To illustrate the applicability of these models, we provide an empirical example investigating the co-evolution of friendship networks and delinquent behaviors in a longitudinal sample of Swedish adolescents with the goal of simultaneously assessing selection and influence processes. Findings suggest both processes play a substantive role in the observed dynamics of delinquent behaviors, with influence having a relatively stronger role than selection (especially in reciprocated friendships).
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| 9. |
- Elkotob, Muslim, et al.
(författare)
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Next generation service architecture : challenges and approaches
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings / ASWN 2006. - Berlin : Fraunhofer IRB Verlag. - 3816771114
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developing telecommunication applications has evolved from the using closed service architectures as is the case in Intelligent Networks (IN) towards open distributed service architecture such OSA/Parlay, and the Open Mobile Alliance (OMA). The Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) specifies different standardized components called enablers to create an environment in which services could be developed and deployed. Therefore, OMA provides a service-oriented architecture (SOA) and enables the mapping of service elements onto the underlying network infrastructure components. On the other hand, the approach used in MobiLife is more user-centric and tries to bring advances in mobile applications and services within the reach of users in their everyday life by innovating and deploying new applications. Consequently, the MobiLife paradigm also follows a high-level service-oriented approach quite similar to the OMA approach. Issues such as extensibility, scalability, and flexibility are quite critical in determining the success of a certain service. When using the last mentioned approach, service composition on top of OMA enablers or on top of the MobiLife framework is greatly facilitated. The focus of our paper is on the significant differences between the classical black box approach and the modular approach used by the OMA and MobiLife for building telecommunication services on the top of the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) architecture.
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| 10. |
- Franken, Aart, et al.
(författare)
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Early Adolescent Friendship Selection Based on Externalizing Behavior : the Moderating Role of Pubertal Development. The SNARE Study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. - : Springer-Verlag New York. - 0091-0627 .- 1573-2835. ; 44, s. 1647-1657
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined friendship (de-)selection processes in early adolescence. Pubertal development was examined as a potential moderator. It was expected that pubertal development would be associated with an increased tendency for adolescents to select their friends based on their similarities in externalizing behavior engagement (i.e., delinquency, alcohol use, and tobacco use). Data were used from the first three waves of the SNARE (Social Network Analysis of Risk behaviorin Early adolescence) study (N= 1144; 50 % boys;Mage=12.7; SD= 0.47), including students who entered the first year of secondary school. The hypothesis was tested using Stochastic Actor-Based Modeling in SIENA. While taking the network structure into account, and controlling for peer influence effects, the results supported this hypothesis. Early adolescents with higher pubertal development were as likely as their peers to select friends based on similarity in externalizing behavior and especially likely to remain friends with peers who had a similar level of externalizing behavior, andthus break friendship ties with dissimilar friends in this respect. As early adolescents are actively engaged in reorganizing their social context, adolescents with a higher pubertal development are especially likely to lose friendships with peers who do not engage in externalizing behavior, thus losing an important source of adaptive social control (i.e.,friends who do not engage in externalizing behavior).
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