| 1. |
- Nord, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Role of policies on innovations in timber frame construction : Cases from sub-group Timber construction vertical value chain in COST Action E51 Integrating Innovation and Development Policies for the Forest Sector
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The enlargement of EU coupled with harmonization of regulations and standards have opened new market segments and geographical areas resulting in grown market shares and innovative behaviour of timber construction firms. The role of policies aiming at increased competitiveness and innovativeness of the European forest sector through integrating innovation has been studied within a COST Action running from 2006 to 2010. COST Action E51 "Integrating Innovation and Development Policies for the Forest Sector" aimed at increasing our understanding of the role of policies and development programs to improve competitiveness and specifically innovations in the forest sector. One of the sub-groups studied the timber construction value chain and the type and diffusion of innovations. This report presents empirical data of timber construction industries from eight European countries. The data include the general construction environment and the policy superstructure of each country and one characteristic example of innovation and innovation process within the timber construction industry of each country respectively. The description of the construction industry follows the concept that construction is a complex product system (CoPS, Hobday, 1998) relating actors in an innovation system approach manner. The timber construction industry is gradually moving from supplier to system integrators thus modifying the overall system.The results indicate a large difference between studied industries in terms of type of innovation, supportive actions from society and industry organizations, and the effect of the innovation on the overall building process and infrastructure.
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| 2. |
- Anders, Viking
(författare)
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Institutional complexity in Swedish built environment regulation : exploring the interface with industrialized house-building
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The industrialized house-building movement has emerged as aresponse to recurring criticism of the construction sector. It seeks toemulate management practices prevalent in manufacturing industries,including the use of standardized work processes and building systems.This approach does, however, make industrialized house-buildingcontractors susceptible to unpredictable variations. Swedish localplanning authorities have a legal and democratic mandate to regulatethe built environment within its borders and views variations betweendifferent municipalities as a desirable consequence of a functional localdemocratic system. Meanwhile, industrialized house-buildingcontractors have highlighted variations in regulation of the builtenvironment as obstructive to their intended methods of managing thebuilding process. The aim of this thesis is to increase understanding ofhow local planning authorities make interpretations when regulatingthe built environment and how those interpretations influenceindustrialized house-building contractors and to, within the ongoingresearch process, identify theoretical perspectives suitable for describingtensions in the interface between industrialized house-building andlocal planning authorities. The theoretical frame of reference for thisthesis consists of two major streams of organizational literature:organizational coordination, operationalized though the concept ofcoordination mechanisms, and neo-institutional theory, operationalizedthrough institutional logics and institutional complexity. Theoverarching research strategy is best described as a case study approachinvestigating cases of institutional complexity in regulation of theSwedish built environment. The design consists of one multi-casestudy relying on interviews with representatives of industrializedhouse-building contractors and local planning authorities and onesingle-case study investigating a longitudinal land development processusing a combination of interviews, direct observations and documentanalysis. Findings indicate that local planning authorities faceinstitutional complexity stemming from three semi-compatibleinstitutional logics that each prescribe different roles for planningpractitioners and expectations for their behaviour. As some planningpractitioners are more attuned to particular logics than others, it is difficult to predict, for each given situation, which logic will beactivated. Furthermore, findings indicate that institutional logics can beviewed as coordination mechanisms, thereby highlighting afundamental tension between the coordination preferences ofindustrialized house-building contractors and local planning authorities.This tension causes a lack of accountability, predictability and commonunderstanding resulting in an inability for industrialized house-buildingcontractors and local planning authorities to coordinate theircontributions in the planning and building process. The findings implythat industrialized house-building contractors and local planningauthorities should attempt to acknowledge each other’s participation inand contributions to the planning and building process. The findingsalso highlight the importance of interpretations for regulation of thebuilt environment, which implies that not all sector-wide problems canor need be solved through legislative action.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Björnfot, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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A design structural matrix approach displaying structural and assembly requirements in construction : a timber case study
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of engineering design (Print). - : Informa UK Limited. - 0954-4828 .- 1466-1837. ; 18:2, s. 113-124
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A fundamental demand of construction design is human safety from structural failure. As a consequence, buildings generally tend to be structurally optimized with cost as the main target parameter. However, a cost-suboptimized structural design often leads to poor constructability decisions with subsequent waste. This paper presents initial research in the development of a design structural matrix (DSM) method able to identify constructability obstacles between structural design and assembly and thus eliminate waste. Empirical data based on a case study of long-span timber structures is used in the development and analysis of the method. The DSM was found to be a holistic tool for systematic consideration of structural design and constructability requirements by providing a standardized system view, a detailed element view, and physical and functional interactions among elements and modules. The DSM was also shown to aid in detailed design and production management through the use of simple matrix tools.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Björnfot, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Product design for improved material flow : a multi-storey timber housing project
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proceedings. - Sydney : International group for lean construction. - 1877040347 ; , s. 297-306
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding of construction has evolved to include a deeper understanding of its mechanics; in addition to traditional on-site work involving the manufacturing of building products - industrial construction. One of the most important aspects of any industrial process is flow of materials and resources. Using empirical data from a unique multi-storey timber housing project, this paper aims at building a better understanding of how product design affects flow of materials in housing construction. Even though a high degree of prefabrication was used in the project, the amount of complementary site work caused delays, complaints, and a slow learning cycle. A standardization process was used to shift product 'know-how' from person to product, resulting in increased flow and a reduction of errors. Prefabrication was not the sole solution to the encountered problems, but the controlled and ordered environment in prefabrication provided solutions at early stages. Instead of working towards solving the main production issues, the management was instead observed working with minor changes (first-aid solutions) to control flow. If industrialized multistorey timber housing construction is to be successful, product design decisions should be thought through, thoroughly, from start to finish using standardization as a guiding star
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| 8. |
- Björnfot, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Projekt: Installationssamordning
- 2010
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Projektet syftar till att arbeta fram en modell för hur modularisering kan utnyttjas praktiskt i byggsammanhang. Specifikt handlar det om att definiera och avgränsa moduler samt att redogöra för hur en teknisk plattform kan skapas som stöds av en individuell utveckling av moduler för tekniska installationer. Medverkande parter Universitet: Luleå tekniska universitet (LTU) Företag: Lindbäcks Bygg AB Norvag Byggsystem AB Moelven ByggModul AB Setra Group AB Martinsons Byggsystem AB
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| 9. |
- Björnfot, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Value delivery through product offers: A lean leap in multi-storey timber housing construction
- 2007
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Ingår i: Lean Construction Journal. - 1555-1369. ; 3:1, s. 33-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Among large Swedish contractors there is currently a specialization trend towards an increased use of prefabrication and complete systems in housing construction. The Lean Construction development up to date has focused on the management of value delivery for complex construction projects. Typical Swedish housing projects do not experience this broad complexity; instead the main challenge seems to be to better specify and deliver customer value. Currently, the Lean Construction methods available are not by themselves enough for the generation of value in Swedish multi-storey housing construction. The aim of this paper is to examine the potential of the product offer (a well-defined and highly standardized building system developed from the value views of specific customers) as an aid in the generation and delivery of value for multi-storey timber housing construction.From the point of view of manufacturing and customer value, the product offer is considered a Lean strategy for integrated consideration of internal and external value. Case study experiences indicate that the product offer strategy provides stability and continuity for producers that in turn provides with Lean practices in marketing, design and manufacturing. Approaching Lean, small- to medium-sized Swedish producers should focus on improvements through Lean Manufacturing. However, since an emerging demand from the Swedish construction industry forces these producers to take a larger role in the construction process, more construction related Lean improvements must also be considered. In this regard, the product offer is demonstrated to be a promising Lean strategy for the Swedish housing industry.
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| 10. |
- Fransson, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Sea ice properties studied from the icebreaker Tor during BEPERS-88
- 1990
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The report presents sea ice data taken during BEPERS-88 experiment in the Bothnian Bay. Several physical properties are presented and analysed. In general, the data illustrate that sea ice is a most complex medium with horizontal and vertical variations. Any analysis of remotely sensed data must therefore carefully consider the ground truth data.
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